残余奥氏体的耐磨性

采用18Cr2Ni4WA钢，在气体渗碳炉中，碳势为1．0％，920℃的条件下进行5h渗碳，对试样重新加热淬火，并通过回火、冷处理等方法改变渗层中的奥氏体量。研究了渗碳层中奥氏体在边界润滑条件下的耐磨特性。     

三种渗碳结构钢经不同化学热处理后耐磨性的研究

研究了经渗碳、碳氮共渗、氮化处理后18Cr2Ni4WA、27SiMnMoV和25SiCrMoV钢的耐磨性.结果表明,经三种不同化学热处理后,25SiCrMoV钢的耐磨性最好,18Cr2Ni4WA钢的耐磨性最差.     

碳氮共渗、真空渗碳和气体渗碳对18Cr2Ni4WA钢接触疲劳强度影响的研究

本文以试验研究为主,金相分析为辅,探讨了不同热处理的三种渗层对接触疲劳强度的影响。研究结果表明:18Cr2Ni4WA钢渗层中大量残余奥氏体的存在,对接触疲劳寿命的增长是极有利的,并初步分析了渗层中残余奥氏体的相变。 试验结果还表明;表面硬度过高的零件(HV=350～750),其硬度与接触应力循环次数呈反比例的关系。     

热处理对Cr17Ni2钢冲击韧性影响的研究

本文研究了不同热处理条件下Cr17Ni2钢的组织和冲击韧性、结果表明Cr17Ni2钢1050～1150℃淬火,300～450℃回火,可获得高的冲击韧性。经临界区淬火,并在500℃以上高温回火,可获得很好的韧性,完全抑制了第二类回火脆,适用于高温回大后经受慢冷过程的零件。     

合金钢的退火不软化行为

某些合金经热处理后产生退火不软化问题．作者对W18Cr4V和18Cr2Ni4WA2种合金钢进行了锻后软化退火试验,对退火组织进行了SEM分析,对合金钢的退火不软化原因进行了探讨,提出钢的退火必须根据等温转变C曲线（即TTT图）,以确定其方法与工艺,从而获得最佳的切削加工性能．实验结果表明W18Cr4V钢经普通退火处理,硬度偏高（269～286HBS）;采用等温退火方法,软化效果好,满足了切削加工对硬度的一般要求（＜255HBS）;无论采用何种退火方法,18Cr2Ni4WA合金钢的硬度均不能满足要求,只有采用高温回火的办法,方可使其软化．     

喷油嘴针阀体用钢20CrMoS性能的研究

本文对发动机喷油嘴针阀体用钢20CrMoS的切削加工性、热处理工艺性、回火稳定性及耐久性进行了试验研究.结果表明,20CrMoS钢不仅价格低,而且切削性、热处理工艺性及耐久性能良好,在280℃以下回火时亦具有良好的回火稳定性,是一种有推广价值的替代18Cr2Ni4WA的喷油嘴针阀体的材料.     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢热处理工艺对显微组织和力学性能的影响

主要研究了18Cr2Ni4WA钢热处理工艺对显微组织和力学性能的影响.通过提高热处理中的冷却速度参数,可有效地控制粒状组织(Gs)的出现,同时采用复合热处理工艺,有效地改善18Cr2Ni4WA钢的金相显微组织,提高钢的综合力学性能.     

12Cr2Ni4A钢高温真空低压脉冲渗碳工艺

与传统气氛渗碳相比，高温真空渗碳在提高渗碳效率、产品质量和节约能源方面均表现出明显优势.本文分析了12Cr2Ni4A钢的奥氏体晶粒长大行为、扩散系数及奥氏体饱和碳质量分数等关键参数的影响，结合真空低压脉冲渗碳工艺原理，对高温真空低压脉冲渗碳工艺进行实验验证.结果表明:实验钢在930，950，980℃渗碳温度下，渗碳层的硬度梯度曲线和碳质量分数梯度曲线的实测值与预期值吻合较好.此外，随着渗碳温度的升高，碳的扩散系数和奥氏体饱和碳质量分数增加，高温真空渗碳可显著提高渗碳速率，温度每提高10℃约使渗碳效率提高14%~17%.     

GDL-1型贝氏体钢的断裂韧性

对一种新型高强韧微变形钢(GDL-1)的断裂韧性进行了研究,分析了七种不同热处理状态的JR阻力曲线。结果表明,试验钢在经空冷250℃-300℃回火后的裂纹扩展阻力较大,J1C=0.1415-0.1513(MPa.m)、AK=97-120.5(J),其断裂韧性和冲击韧性优于其它状态。扫描电镜和透射电镜分析表明,空冷后新型高强韧GDL-1钢的显微组织为窄束状贝氏体 马氏体和部分残余奥氏体复合组织,残余奥氏体以薄膜形态分割贝氏体板条而形成超细化亚单元,增加了材料的微观塑性。此外,低温回火改善钢的韧性,并使残余奥氏体的稳定性提高,从而使该钢在空冷250℃-300℃回火后具有良好的冲击韧性和断裂韧性。     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢热处理工艺对显微组织和力学性能的影响

主要研究了 18Cr2Ni4WA钢热处理工艺对显微组织和力学性能的影响。通过提高热处理中的冷却速度参数 ,可有效地控制粒状组织 (Gs)的出现 ,同时采用复合热处理工艺 ,有效地改善 18Cr2Ni4WA钢的金相显微组织 ,提高钢的综合力学性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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