散货船自由浮态计算简化方法

根据散货船特点探讨了一种面向工程应用的船舶自由浮态计算简化方法.在矩阵法的基础上,将7个水线面要素简化到4个,简化雅克比矩阵求解.采用全选主元高斯消去法求解线性方程组,以船舶浮态平衡方程组作为迭代终止条件,保证计算精度.以散货船"DOLCE VITA"及"RUI AN CHENG"为例进行了实例计算,对20个压载舱进行了20万次随机装载实验,验证了算法在有横倾下的收敛性和稳定性;对5个货舱进行了20万次随机装载实验,验证了算法在有纵倾下的收敛性和稳定性;对典型载况进行计算,和装载手册给定值相比,吃水差误差都在0.01m以下.结果表明:该算法只需计算任意倾斜水线面下的排水体积和浮心坐标,计算量较小,程序实现简单,实时性、鲁棒性较好,具有一定的工程实用价值.     

船舶自由纵倾随浪稳性计算

论述了船舶在整个横倾过程中不发生纵倾，浮心只在船体剖面内作二维移动时的 稳性。建立了波浪稳性力臂的表达式和浮态方程式．并对一艘灯光兼围网渔轮在随浪 波峰上的稳性进行了计算，计算结果是满意的。还讨论了船舶在随浪中自由纵倾的情 况；提出了纵倾浮态方程式和流体动压力修正，从而给计算船舶在随浪中的稳性提供 了一种方法。     

散货船配载仪中完整稳性计算方法研究

为提高散货船配载仪中完整稳性计算精度,基于船舶三维设计数据对完整稳性进行了计算.首先通过对三维设计模型切片得到每个肋位处横剖面型值数据;然后对横剖面型值数据进行等距偏移模拟板厚,得到各肋位处的外板数据;再通过水线面与外板数据求交计算该浮态下的船舶参数;最后按照不同完整稳性计算方法计算复原力臂,绘制出不同载况下的船舶复原力臂曲线.以38 300t散货船RUI AN CHENG为例,分别采用固定纵倾法和自由纵倾法对其3个典型载况进行实例计算.结果表明,采用静平衡下的自由纵倾法与NAPA计算结果更为接近,复原力臂平均误差为0.003 7m,最大误差为0.009 4m,验证了基于三维设计数据进行完整稳性计算的准确性及可行性.     

遗传算法在船舶自由浮态计算中的应用

根据船舶自由漂浮的平衡条件,将自由浮态计算归结为多目标约束优化问题,并引入遗传算法(GA)对该优化问题进行求解．在船体曲面和甲板的非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面表达基础上,应用GA算法,采用实数编码方式,对船舶自由浮态进行计算,在实践中对GA算法进行必要的改进,提高进化速度,并编程实现．通过对两条实船完整浮态和破舱浮态进行计算,并与传统方法的计算结果对比表明,用GA来解船舶自由浮态的方法是简单可行的．由于该计算是基于曲面表达的计算,故比二维表达基础上的计算更精确．与其他迭代方法相比,它不需要人为给定初始迭代点,只需给出船舶总重量和重心位置;设计变量直接取吃水、横倾角和纵倾角,不必预先计算倾角的正切值,使用方便．     

船舶浮态计算的一种优化方法

求船舶空间浮态就是计算船舶在某种给定载况下的三个浮态参数,它归结为求解一个隐式非线性方程组.采用传统的逐次线性化方法迭代求解方程组计算较繁、工作量大,且不易编程.为此探讨了优化方法在船舶空间浮态计算中的应用.利用最小二乘法的思想,将原问题转化为相应的数学优化模型,采用惩罚函数法对其求解.该方法不需要计算船舶水线面面积、漂心和惯性矩等要素,计算结果准确、可靠,且易于编程实现.通过算例证实了该方法可行、适用.     

破损船舶自由浮态计算

在船舶不沉性理论的基础上,叙述了船体计算坐标系和浮态参数的选取、角坐标变换、破损船舶浮态计算的数学模型和水线下船体要素的定义。在倾斜水线与船体表面求交点时,采用坐标转换方法,并应用Green公式计算船体水线下和淹水舱的有效要素;简化了计算方法,提高了利用Newton迭代法求解浮态平衡方程的收敛性和精确性,同时也方便了计算机软件的编程。通过对实船的设计结果分析,证明了该方法的先进性和工程实用性。     

基于非线性规划法的船舶浮态计算

提出了利用非线性规划法进行船舶任意倾斜状态下浮态计算的方法，建立了以总复原力臂的绝对值为目标函数，保证排水量等于重量为约束条件，吃水、横倾角及纵倾角为设计变量的优化数学模型．与传统的矩阵方法相比较，该法在每次迭代计算中不需要计算倾斜水线面上的各要素，只需计算倾斜水线面以下的排水体积和浮心坐标，使计算量大大减少．对60000t油船在各种装载状态下浮态的计算，证明了该方法的简便和可靠性．     

随浪中船舶大倾角横摇稳性的研究

对随浪中船舶大倾角横摇稳性的特点进行了介绍和分析,提出了一种新的研究船舶发生大倾角横摇时的稳性力臂的方法,在运用逐步逼近法计算每个横剖面的左右侧的浸深时,考虑了在横摇过程中由于船舶首尾不对称造成的纵倾对每个横剖面浸深的影响,以及横摇过程中所发生的纵倾运动对横摇稳性的影响．然后,根据随浪中重力与浮力平衡、纵倾力矩之和为零这两个条件,运用matlab数学工具语言的迭代算法求出了纵倾角,以及水线面修正层厚度,进而绘出了随浪中的稳性力臂曲线．最后,通过实例计算与分析验证了该方法是可行的．     

船舶分舱和破舱稳性计算

本文给出破损船舶浮态方程组的数值矩阵解法和破损船舶自由纵倾时最小稳性曲线计算的优化方法，文后给出了数值例子。算例表明本文建立的方法简便、实用和有效。     

静水中船舶大倾角横摇稳性的理论计算方法

对静水中船舶大倾角横摇稳性的特点进行了介绍，提出了一种新的计算船舶发生大倾角横摇时的静稳性力臂的计算方法，在运用逐步逼近法计算每个横剖面的左右侧的浸深时，考虑了在横摇过程中由于船舶首尾不对称造成的纵倾对每个横剖面浸深的影响，然后，根据重力与浮力平衡、纵倾力矩之后为零这两个条件，运用Matlab数学工具语言的迭代算法求出了纵倾角，以及水线面修正层厚度，进而绘出了静稳性力臂曲线．最后，通过实例计算与分析验证了本文提出的方法是可行的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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