GaAs1—xPx：TeLED）中深能级及其对发光效率的影响

利用深能级瞬态谱（ＤＬＴＳ）方法研究了不同发光效率的掺Ｔｅ的ＧａＡｓ１－ｘＰｘＬＥＤ中的深中心，探讨深能级对ＧａＡｓ１－ｘＰｘ：ＴｅＬＥＤ发光效率的影响，结果表明，发射率激活能力０．４０ｅＶ的Ｂ能级是影响发光效率的主要无幅射中心。     

短波长In_xGa_（1－x）As_yP_（1－y）材料的LP－MOVPE生长

本文研究了用低压金属有机化学气相外延（ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ）技术，以三申基镓（ＴＭＧａ）、三甲基铟（ＴＭＩｎ）为Ⅲ族源，ＡｓＨ＿３和ＰＨ＿３为Ⅴ族源，在（１００）方向掺Ｓ的ｎ￣＋ＩｎＰ衬底上生长短波长Ｉｎ＿ｘＧａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｓ＿ｙＰ＿（１－ｙ）材料的生长条件，并用双晶Ｘ射线衍射（ＤＣＤ）和光荧光（ＰＬ）对不同条件下生长的短波长Ｉｎ＿ｘＧａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｓ＿ｙＰ＿（１－ｙ）材料进行了表征。     

N型合金半导体的低温电子喇曼散射

研究了ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ（ｘ＞０．４５）的电子喇曼散射．根据晶格动力论,讨论了Ⅲ－Ⅴ合金半导体的ＤＸ中心的物理起因．结果表明在ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ（ｘ＞０．２２）中存在施主双稳态特性．在低温下,光感应的施主亚稳态是平常的类氢能级,此浅施主态引起了间接带隙ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ（ｘ＞０．４５）的电子喇曼散射和束缚声子以及直接带隙ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ（ｘ＜０．４５）的低温持续光电导．当温度升高时,该类氢能级的电子退回到稳定的ＤＸ中心的深能态．     

n—Ga1—xAlxAs的电子喇曼散射,束缚声子和DX中心

观测到ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ的束缚声子和电子喇曼散射．对ｎ－Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ进行喇曼散射实验，揭示了在低温光照条件和组分超过某临界值的合金半导体存在着有效质量型的浅施主能级，引起束缚声子和电子喇曼散射．在较高温度，此能级电子减少到由ＤＸ中心表征的施主深能级．实验结果证实了Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ的ｎ型杂质具有深－浅双稳特性．根据晶格动力论，浅释了Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ中施主的电荷态．     

Ga＿xIn＿（1－X）P外延膜中成份调制对光致发光的影响

通过用一高分辨、微机控制的三晶体ｘ－射线衍射仪来测量Ｇａ＿ｘＩｎ＿（１－ｘ）Ｐ外延膜中（１１）与（）衍射峰的积分强度差，定量地确定了有序度。讨论Ｇａ＿ｘＩｎ＿（１－ｘ）Ｐ外延膜中有序度与成份调制间的关系。考察了成份调制与施主－受主对复会发光能量间的关联。通过计及施主一受主对在由成份调制所导致的超格子势场中的附加能量，导出了施主一受主对在部分有序相中跃迁时新的能量方程。     

N－Ga_（1－x）Al_xAs的低温光伏特性

报道了Ｎ－Ｇａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｌ＿ｘＡｓ低温光伏的异常特性．在暗条件下降温的样品，其低温光伏的初始强度比受光照的样品的光伏初始强度大得多，对这两种不同初始条件，当样品加热到大约１００～１５０Ｋ时，其低温光伏强度发生跳跃．这些异常特性归因于Ｎ－Ｇａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｌ＿ｘＡｓ（ｘ＞０．２２）中的ＤＸ中心的电荷态变化．     

混晶GaAs_（1－x）P_x：N中等电子杂质束缚激子的发光

在７７Ｋ流体静压和低激发功率密度两种不同实验条件下，对组分ｘ＝０．８８混晶材料ＧａＡｓ＿（１－ｘ）Ｐ＿ｘ：Ｎ的光致发光进行了研究。在发光谱中分别明显地出现ＮＮ＿ｉ（ｉ＝１，３）对束缚激子的发光峰。观察到压力下Ｎ＿ｘ带发光猝灭及谱带窄化。低温下，降低激发功率密度，Ｎ＿ｘ谱带移向低能量位置并且半宽变窄。实验结果表明发生Ｎ＿ｘ束缚激子从孤立Ｎ＿ｘ中心到ＮＮ＿ｉ中心的热激活转移。分析结果说明，在加压和低激发密度下，发生这种转移现象的主导机制分别是多重陷入和变程跳跃．     

GaAs／Al_xGa_（1－x）As异质界面极化子的温度效应

ＧａＡｓ／Ａｌ_ｘＧａ_（１－ｘ）Ａｓ异质界面极化子的温度效应李春圃，班士良（内蒙古大学物理学系，０１００２１，呼和浩特）ＴｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＰｏｌａｒｏｎｓｏｎａＧａＡｓ／Ａｌ_ｘＧａ_（１－ｘ）ＡｓＨｅｔｅｒｏｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ￥Ｌ...     

Ga＿（0．5）In＿（0．5）P外延薄膜的近红外光致发光

在本工作中，首次用近红外光致发光法观察到在ＧａＡｓ衬底上用金属有机化学相沉积方法（ＭＯＣＶＤ）生长的Ｇａ＿（０．５）Ｉｎ＿（０．５）Ｐ外延薄膜所发射的１．１７、０．９９及０．８５ｅＶ的个新发光峰。其中只有１．１７ｅＶ发射与Ｇａ＿（０．５）Ｉｎ＿（０．５）Ｐ外延薄膜的部分有序结构有关。实验获得的１．１７ｅＶ发射的变温与变激发强度特性可用受主－施主对复合来很好地给予解释。该受主－施主对系由镓空位作为受主及与其最邻近的镓子格子上的碳作为施主所组成。在考察Ｇａ＿（０．５）Ｉｎ＿（０．５）Ｐ外延薄膜的部分有序结构与其受主－施主对复合能间关系的基础上，导出了受主－施主对跃迁的新的能量方程。     

三元混晶中电子极化势与极化电荷

本文计及双支纵光学声子模的作用，采用微扰法导出了极性三元混晶Ａ＿ｘＢ＿（１－ｘ）Ｃ中极化子的二级近似波函数，进一步计算了电子的极化势和极化电荷密度．数值计算了混晶Ａｌ＿ｘＧａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｓ和ＺｎＴｅ＿ｘＳｅ＿（１－ｘ）中极化势与极化电荷密度对组分ｘ的依赖关系，并对结果进行了讨论．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with