梭形遮阳翻板太阳散射辐射传输计算模型及程序实现

取相邻2块遮阳翻板为研究对象,建立了梭形翻板散射辐射传输的计算模型.在模型分析基础上,用MATLAB编制了能描述翻板形状、尺寸、倾角、表面光学特性的梭形翻板散射辐射传输计算程序,验证了程序的正确性,并进行了翻板划分段数的敏感性分析.认为翻板散射辐射透过率的相对误差随翻板划分段数增加而减小,划分段数超过8时,计算结果基本不再发生变化.最后,分析了传统计算方法和程序对梭形翻板进行平板假设所带来的误差,认为用"平板假设模型"计算梭形翻板有一定的误差,误差值随着翻板倾角增加而增大.     

遮阳翻板对厦门市建筑物太阳辐射得热的影响

利用翻板辐射传输计算模型和得热逐时计算模型,研究遮阳翻板对厦门市建筑物窗口及外墙得热的影响。结果表明:相对于无遮阳情形,梭形翻板和穿孔弧形翻板的隔热作用非常明显,其中梭形翻板又比穿孔弧形翻板效果更好;遮阳翻板有效降低了墙体和窗口的峰值得热量,降低的幅度随翻板倾角的增大而增大;但是,由于遮阳板的存在,使得建筑围护结构在夜间的散热能力降低;翻板表面反射率越大,进入窗口的太阳辐射得热量就越大。最后提出:从夏季遮阳节能角度出发,厦门夏季百叶倾角应尽可能大,以阻挡太阳辐射带来的得热,冬季应调整翻板倾角,使得翻板尽量面对太阳直射方向,尽可能使得太阳辐射进入室内。     

炉内实际气体辐射传热的计算方法

利用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ法和Ｚｏｎｅ法结合Ｅｄｗａｒｄｓ提出的指数宽带模型提出了对非灰气体辐射传热进行分析的一种简化算法．分析对象采用一维平板系统，首先验证了用Ｅｄｗａｒｄｓ宽带模型计算实际气体辐射特性的准确性，然后对给定平板温度下处于热平衡状态时的温度分布进行计算，并与灰气体处理时的计算结果作了对照，得出了相应结论．     

炉内实际气体辐射传热的计算方法

利用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ法和Ｚｏｎｅ法结合Ｅｄｗａｒｄｓ提出的指数宽带模型提出了对非灰气体辐射假传热进行分析的一种简化算法,分析对象采用一维平板系统,首先验证了用Ｅｄｗａｒｄｓ宽带模型计算实际气体辐射特性的准确性,然后以给定平板温度下处于热平衡状态时的温度分布进行计算,并与灰气体处理时的计算结果作了对照,提出了相应结论。     

倾斜面上直射辐射计算方法的探讨

在太阳能系统的设计中常涉及倾斜面上日总直射辐射的计算。计算倾斜面上日总直射辐射最常用的方法是Liu and Jordan所提出的数学方法,该方法是在假设地球表面没有大气层的情况下得出的,是一个典型的近似计算方法。研究通过直接数值积分和Collares-Pereira and Rabl辐射计算经验关系对Liu and Jordan计算方法的正确性进行分析。结果表明：Liu and Jordan所提出的计算倾斜面上日总直射辐射的方法存在明显的计算误差,误差的大小与倾斜面的倾角和方位角有关,且方位角越大,计算误差越大;对于垂直表面,计算误差随着方位角的增加迅速增加,当方位角偏离正南90度时,由Liu andJordan方法所计算出的年总直射辐射误差高达20%以上。     

平行板间各向异性散射介质辐射传递方程求解

通过计算离散能束在传播过程中散射的能量在空间方向上的分布份额,用基于蒙特卡洛法的DRESOR法在平行平板系统内对相函数分别为一阶前向、一阶后向的各向异性散射介质中的辐射传递方程进行了求解,分别给出了各向异性散射条件下系统边界的具有较高方向分辨率的辐射强度分布以及系统内的热流、热源和入射辐射分布,并对各向异性散射对结果的影响进行了分析.将计算辐射强度结果代入辐射传递方程进行验证计算,验证结果的比较证明了DRESOR法求解辐射传递方程的有效性和正确性,并且计算结果达到了很高的精度.     

漫反射下两层散射性介质内的瞬态耦合换热

采用光线踪迹 /节点分析法研究了在漫反射、表面不透明、分界面半透明的两层平板状吸收、各向同性散射性非灰介质内的辐射与导热瞬态耦合换热。两层介质具有不同的辐射特性 ,折射率均大于等于 1。在考虑表面多次反射和介质多次散射的情况下 ,推导了复合层辐射传递系数 ,由辐射传递系数计算辐射热源项。在对流、辐射换热边界条件下 ,采用控制容积法求解瞬态能量方程 ,获得了复合层内的稳态、瞬态温度场和热流密度 ,与 Galerkin法的计算结果比较 ,表明该文的计算方法正确 ,精度高     

建筑物尺度的太阳能资源潜力估算模型研究

结合遥感定量反演方法与地理信息系统三维分析技术,建立了城市建筑物尺度的太阳能资源潜力估算新方法和模型。运用平面投射法确定了建筑物阴影位置,实现了阴影的实时模拟。利用局部坐标系和容斥原理计算了三维空间中的非阴影区面积。考虑光线与墙面之间的角度关系,结合遥感反演得到的该建筑物所在位置的地表太阳直射辐照度,计算该建筑物各侧面及顶面所能利用的太阳直射辐射功率,进而求和得到观测时段内的累积太阳直射辐射能,并采用不规则三角网显示该建筑物能接收到的能量资源的空间分布。选择乌鲁木齐市某建筑群对模型进行应用。结果表明,该模型为建筑物尺度的太阳能资源规划及开发利用提供了一种有效的方法。     

建筑物尺度的太阳能资源潜力估算模型研究

结合遥感定量反演方法与地理信息系统三维分析技术, 建立了城市建筑物尺度的太阳能资源潜力估算新方法和模型。运用平面投射法确定了建筑物阴影位置, 实现了阴影的实时模拟。利用局部坐标系和容斥原理计算了三维空间中的非阴影区面积。考虑光线与墙面之间的角度关系, 结合遥感反演得到的该建筑物所在位置的地表太阳直射辐照度, 计算该建筑物各侧面及顶面所能利用的太阳直射辐射功率, 进而求和得到观测时段内的累积太阳直射辐射能, 并采用不规则三角网显示该建筑物能接收到的能量资源的空间分布。选择乌鲁木齐市某建筑群对模型进行应用。结果表明, 该模型为建筑物尺度的太阳能资源规划及开发利用提供了一种有效的方法。     

局部有约束阻尼的空间平板组合结构的有限元动力分析

文中提出了计算局部有约束阻尼的空间平板组合结构的有限元动力分析新方法。材料的阻尼以损耗系数的形式计入。建立的单元模型中假设基本层与约束层在垂直于板平面方向内的变形是不同的。计算结果的正确性由模型试验得到证实。本文提出的方法适用于计算板尺寸对板厚的比值不是太大的空间平板组合结构。机器零件，例如机床床身、箱体等多数属于这类结构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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