加热温度对铸态Ti1100氧化及表面形貌的影响

研究了铸态Ti1100在不同温度下保温5小时的氧化增重和表面形貌.结果表明,随着加热温度的升高,铸造Ti1100氧化加重.300℃基本不氧化;500℃-700℃,Ti1100试样增重0.28-0.62%; 1100℃氧化增重严重,达到12.73%;钛的氧化增重为吸氧.用JSM-6360LV型扫描电子显微镜观察试样表面形貌,300-600℃氧化膜极薄且致密;700℃试样表面有少量的氧化腐蚀坑,表面较致密;900℃试样表面有较多的突起氧化层,表面不致密;1100℃氧化层为板片状TiO2.氧化过程为高温时,氧化膜晶粒粗大变得疏松,氧通过氧化膜扩散进基体.     

氧化锆——碳化硅复合材料氧化过程的研究

在空气中，800℃到1630℃温度范围内，对氧化锆——碳化硅复合材料进行氧化实验，结果表明，复合材料的SiC氧化是属于保护型氧化，试样从800℃起开始氧化；1100℃时氧化反应加快；1450℃以后材料表面形成致密的SiO2保护层;1627℃时，SiO2保护层受到破坏，从而加剧了SiC的氧化。     

热压烧结C-SiC-B4C复合材料组织与性能(Ⅱ):氧化行为

以C鳞片,SiC,B4C和TiO2为原料,在2000℃热压合成C-SiC-B4C-TiB2复合材料.研究复合材料在600~1400℃静态空气中的恒温氧化行为,利用TG/DTA研究复合材料氧化机理,利用XRD,SEM研究复合材料恒温氧化后表面相组成和氧化层剖面的显微结构.结果表明不同C鳞片含量的复合材料的氧化动力学曲线均为抛物线,氧化层可分成氧化膜和过渡层,C鳞片质量分数为20%的复合材料在1400℃时有很好的抗氧化自还原能力,表面生成致密的氧化膜,氧化膜的成分为未形成玻璃态的TiO2或SiO2.TiO2固溶体,组织形貌为枝条状.     

1 300℃下MoSi2/SiC复合材料氧化性能研究

对直接浸渗法制备MoSi2/SiC复合材料在1 300℃下的氧化试样的质量变化进行了研究.观察与分析了氧化层的形貌和相组成.结果表明,复合材料在该温度下保温时间较短时其氧化模式为硅、钼同时氧化,复合材料表现为失重,形成的氧化层结构疏松,存在大量气孔;保温时间较长时氧化模式为硅的选择性氧化,材料表面形成致密的SiO2氧化层,复合材料表现为增重.同时复合材料的抗氧化性与材料的孔隙率和SiC颗粒大小有关,孔隙率越高,SiC颗粒越小,抗氧化性越差.研究表明MoSi2/SiC复合材料可用作1 300℃下的抗氧化材料.     

镍钴基高温合金的氧化动力学与界面结合性能

采用XRD,SEM和静态增重法等研究镍钴基GH783高温合金的氧化行为和氧化过程动力学,并通过纳米划痕试验对膜基结合性能进行表征。研究结果表明:合金在500～700℃没有生成氧化膜,在800℃时开始生成由Fe2O3和少量Fe3O4组成的氧化层,900℃时生成的氧化膜中Fe3O4含量增多;合金在800℃氧化100 h后,合金表面生成致密的Fe2O3-Fe3O4复合物氧化膜,膜厚约为15μm;合金的氧化动力学曲线符合抛物线规律,抛物线速度常数为3.44×10-5mg2/(cm4·h);随着氧化时间增长,氧化膜与基体的界面结合性能愈趋良好,于800℃氧化100 h后膜基结合力达8.92 N。     

BN表面镀镍对Ni-Cr/BN减摩密封材料烧结性能的影响

为改善减摩密封材料Ni-Cr/BN的烧结性能,在碱性条件下以硫酸镍为主盐、水合联氨为还原剂,采用化学镀方法在BN粉表面生成镀镍层;采用粉末冶金方法制备Ni-Cr/BN复合材料,并研究BN粉表面镀镍对Ni-Cr/BN烧结性能的影响。研究结果表明:在1000℃烧结时,BN粉表面镀上连续均匀的镀镍层能显著提高BN粉与Ni-Cr合金基体的润湿性,使Ni-Cr/BN减摩材料的抗拉强度由9.16MPa提高到27.88MPa,抗弯强度由21.40MPa提高到49.12MPa;但当烧结温度达到1100℃时,BN粉表面的镀镍层发生球化并脱落,镀镍层对Ni-Cr/BN减摩密封材料烧结性能的改善效果降低。     

粉末包埋法渗铝对Q235钢恒温抗氧化性的影响

碳钢表面渗铝可以提高材料的耐蚀性和抗高温氧化性能,选择Q235钢作为基体材料,采用固体粉末包埋法对Q235钢进行650 ℃低温渗铝处理,利用SEM、XRD和EDS研究了渗Al层的微观组织结构,通过恒温氧化实验研究渗Al处理对Q235钢700 ℃恒温氧化行为的影响.结果表明：Q235钢渗Al层主要由Fe2Al5和FeAl金属间化合物组成.渗Al层表面有裂纹和空洞,界面不平整,致密性较差,氧化膜厚度200～300μm.渗Al能显著提高Q235钢700℃的恒温氧化性能,未渗Al时Q235钢的氧化动力学曲线遵循直线规律,氧化膜主要为Fe2O3,氧化过程中氧化膜脱落严重,对基体无保护作用;渗Al后动力学曲线呈抛物线规律,氧化膜较致密,缺陷较少,氧化膜主要由Al2O3和Fe2O3组成.渗铝能显著提高Q235钢的抗高温氧化性能.     

镁合金微弧氧化膜层结构

在硅酸盐碱性溶液中，采用恒电流控制模式，在电流密度为20A／dm^2时，以镁舍金AZ91为基体制备微孤氧化薄膜。利用X射线衍射分析手段对制得的微孤氧化膜层进行相结构分析，通过扫描电子显微镜对氧化膜层的表面、横截面及断口等进行研究，还探讨了表面疏松层和致密层的形成机制。研究结果表明：制得的镁舍金微孤氧化膜由MgO，MgSiO3和MgAl2O4等相组成；微孤氧化膜层由表面疏松层和致密层构成；镁合金微孤氧化形成的表面疏松层为多孔结构，这种孔呈网络结构分布；而形成的致密层结构非常致密，没有发现孔洞，而且它和基体的结合非常紧密；表面疏松层和致密层是经过“成膜→击穿→溶化→凝固→烧结……”等一系列循环过程形成的。     

6H-SiC表面热氧化SiO2的正电子谱研究

本文将慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱技术,应用于对SiC表面热氧化生长的SiO2特性的研究。S参数和W参数在退火前后的变化,直观的反映出SiO2/SiC表面氧化层中空位型缺陷浓度的改变。通过与SiO2/Si样品的对比,证实C元素及其诱生空位型缺陷的存在,很可能是影响SiO2/SiC氧化层质量和SiC MOS击穿特性的重要因素,后退火工艺可以提高SiO2/SiC中氧化层的致密性。实验表明,慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱是研究热氧化SiO2特性的有效手段。     

微弧氧化对7050铝合金腐蚀行为的影响

采用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在7050铝合金表面制备了陶瓷膜层,运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)表征陶瓷膜微观结构,采用动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)研究了微弧氧化膜对7050铝合金在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl水溶液中腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响.结果表明:微弧氧化膜层由表面疏松层与内部致密层组成,表面疏松层主要由Al2O3组成,内部致密层由氧化铝与铝烧结而成.微弧氧化膜层可以有效抑制7050铝合金表面的腐蚀萌生及明显降低腐蚀速率,且使7050铝合金的应力腐蚀敏感性出现显著下降.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~