采用遗传算法的自适应随机共振系统弱信号检测方法研究

针对传统自适应随机共振系统只能实现单参数优化的缺点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的多参数同步优化自适应随机共振算法.该算法选用由双稳系统输出的信噪比作为遗传算法的适应度函数,能够实现随机共振系统中多个参数的自适应选取,从而最优地检测出原始信号中的微弱周期成分.同时,将该优化算法和移频变尺度随机共振相结合,可以实现大参数条件下的随机共振.仿真数据和滚动轴承外环故障数据的分析表明,该算法收敛速度快,简单易行,在采样点数较少的条件下能从强噪声背景中检测出微弱的高频周期成分,因此具有良好的工程应用前景.     

随机共振结合RobustICA的两阶段结构损伤定位方法

为实现强噪声背景低信噪比环境下的结构损伤识别,提出一种基于非线性随机共振降噪与鲁棒性独立分量分析(RobustICA)的两阶段损伤定位方法.第一阶段,运用非线性随机共振系统对强噪声低信噪比的测量响应进行预处理,以降低背景噪声的干扰并增强结构响应;第二阶段,结合RobustICA提取包含损伤信息的特征分量对结构响应异常进行识别,之后计算归一化的源分布向量(NSDV)的最大值对结构损伤异常进行定位.框架数值算例结果表明,所提出的算法能够较精确实现信噪比为5dB下的结构损伤异常识别与定位.     

自适应移频变尺度随机共振在故障诊断中的应用

针对移频变尺度随机共振系统参数选择困难的问题,提出了一种基于时频指标的自适应移频变尺度随机共振算法.该算法选用了最高谱峰位置(频域)及过零间距方差(时域)作为优化目标函数,避开了以信噪比等为目标函数时需要预先知道目标信号确切频率的不足,能够自适应地获取最优系统参数,以最大信噪比检测出微弱周期信号.同时,由于移频变尺度随机共振的选用,该自适应算法突破了传统随机共振系统的限制,因此可以检测实际工程中的高频信号.仿真和故障诊断的工程应用结果表明,该自适应算法简单、易于理解,能有效地从强背景噪声中检测出高频微弱周期信号,具有较强的工程实用价值.     

基于改进随机减量法和小波变换的

基于改进随机减量法和小波变换提出了一种新的结构模态参数统计识别方法.随机减量法改进后可直接处理零均值非平稳响应信号,得到自由衰减响应,小波变换的时频域特性可解耦密频、低阻尼系统,自助分布的统计估计能力考虑和降低模态参数识别的不确定性.对提出的方法进行了完整的理论推导,并通过一个四自由度系统的数值算例验证了该方法可靠性.相比较传统的时域方法和直接小波变换方法,该方法具有更高的识别精度,尤其是阻尼比系数.随后的抗噪能力验证结果表明该方法在15dB噪声干扰下仍能够稳定、准确地识别出系统的模态参数,可适用于环境激励下模态参数识别.     

基于改进随机减量法和小波变换的结构模态参数识别

基于改进随机减量法和小波变换提出了一种新的结构模态参数统计识别方法.随机减量法改进后可直接处理零均值非平稳响应信号,得到自由衰减响应,小波变换的时频域特性可解耦密频、低阻尼系统,自助分布的统计估计能力考虑和降低模态参数识别的不确定性.对提出的方法进行了完整的理论推导,并通过一个四自由度系统的数值算例验证了该方法可靠性.相比较传统的时域方法和直接小波变换方法,该方法具有更高的识别精度,尤其是阻尼比系数.随后的抗噪能力验证结果表明该方法在15dB噪声干扰下仍能够稳定、准确地识别出系统的模态参数,可适用于环境激励下模态参数识别.     

水电站厂房结构模态参数的遗传识别方法

环境激励下结构模态参数的时域识别方法是近年来的研究热点,水电站厂房结构一般规模巨大,常规的激励方式会对结构产生不良影响．此外,由于噪声的干扰往往产生众多虚假模态．由于机组停机过程中环境激励响应较易获得,提出一种基于遗传算法的结构模态参数识别方法,采用多信号分类法进行信号定阶．运用该方法通过模拟信号对其进行验证．并将其应用到水电站厂房结构的模态参数识别中．结果表明,该方法能够有效准确地识别出结构的自振频率和阻尼比．     

联合经验模态分解与二次时频分布的参数识别方法

提出了联合经验模态分解和二次时频分布进行模态参数识别的方法.将多自由度系统的响应信号用经验模态分解法分解为单频率响应的振动信号,进而计算模态频率和阻尼;由单频率响应信号的二次时频分布及其与其它质点响应信号的互二次时频分布的比值来识别模态振型,并对一多自由度的线性系统进行了计算,结果表明该方法能较好地识别结构的模态参数,且抗噪声强.     

基于动力特性灵敏度解析代数算法的结构损伤识别:理论与数值分析

基于结构动力特性灵敏度解析解,建立了结构损伤方程组代数表达式,该损伤方程组通过矩阵运算实现,简洁紧凑,有效地避免模态截断问题.同时,基于经典的随机子空间模态算法(stochastic subspace method,SSI)实现结构损伤前与损伤后的模态参数识别.将结构损伤前后模态参数识别结果代入损伤方程组,可以检测出桥梁结构损伤的位置和损伤的程度,该方法无需迭代.利用简支梁桥算例对该模态参数识别方法和损伤识别方法进行了验证和分析.数值计算结果表明,在噪声水平较低地工况下,本文提出的方法对单损伤梁和多损伤梁均能实现损伤定位和损伤程度的判别,计算效率较高.     

自适应扫频随机共振方法的研究

针对大参数信号二次采样随机共振应用的局限性,提出了自适应扫频随机共振方法.该方法根据信号、噪声和系统三者协调作用发生随机共振时的关系,自动调整采样频率和双稳系统的结构参数,从而自动获取随机共振状态.将此方法应用于实际噪声下弱信号的提取,取得了较好的结果.     

非平稳背景噪声下微弱高频CW信号的自适应检测

在强噪声背景下,基于时频联合分析的高频CW信号检测算法性能严重下降,同时标准Kalman滤波器对非平稳背景噪声下微弱高频CW信号也失效.针对此问题,本文提出了一种基于ARMA新息模型的自适应Kalman滤波器检测方法.该方法避免了标准Kalman滤波检测CW信号时需要确定系统噪声统计特性的问题.论文根据CW信号的状态空间随机信号模型,构造了ARMA新息模型,通过在线辨识MA模型参数来估计Kalman滤波增益,从而实现了CW信号的自适应跟踪滤波.仿真结果表明,该方法能够在强噪声背景下动态跟踪CW信号时域波形,且算法简单,实时性强,可用于指导高频CW电报自动接收设备的研制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.