苦荬菜茎黄酮类化合物提取方法研究

通过蒸馏水、70％乙酸乙脂溶液和70％乙醇溶液三种方法从苦荬菜茎提取黄酮类化合物，比较其提取物的提取率认为，70％乙酸乙脂溶液提取法是比较好的提取方法．     

无溶剂条件下醇与乙酸乙脂的脂交换反应

在无溶剂条件下，ＮａＨＳＯ４ＳｉＯ２，作催化剂，能催化单醇或二醇与乙酸乙脂的脂交换反应．单醇和乙酸乙脂的脂交换反应产率７２％～８９％．双醇和乙酸乙脂的脂交换反应表现出差的选择性     

藏药沙棘枝叶多糖的提取与含量测定

目的确定得糖率最高的提取部位并测定该部位提取物中多糖含量.方法以沙棘枝叶多糖得率为标准,通过超声波辅助-乙醇回流脱脂-热水浸提提取方法,比较水提取物、甲醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物的得糖率;Sevage法除蛋白后,采用苯酚-浓硫酸法测定沙棘多糖中总糖的含量.结果乙酸乙脂提取物、甲醇提取物、水提物部位的得糖率分别为4.01%、4.84%、6.42%,且水提物中总糖平均含量为28.51%.结论超声波辅助方法提取沙棘枝叶中的多糖,得糖率高;苯酚-浓硫酸法测定沙棘枝叶中多糖含量的方法简便、灵敏、准确,适合于沙棘多糖含量的测定.     

无溶剂条件下醇与乙酸乙酯的脂交换反应

在无溶剂条件下，ＮａＨＳＯ４－ＳｉＯ２，作催化剂，能催化单醇或二醇与乙酸乙脂的脂交换反应，单醇和乙酸乙酯的脂交换反应产率７２％￣８９％，双醇和乙脂的脂交换反应现差的选择性。     

富含血红素大蒜汁的保健品的加工工艺研究

文章研究从猪血中提取血红素,通过调酸,加乙酸乙脂和香精除去血红素固有的腥味。在不破坏大蒜里SOD酶和各营养成分的情况下,榨取大蒜汁,并除去其蒜臭。再配以相关辅料,研究出能够食用,味道可口的保健食品。     

常用麻醉药物麻醉效果的比较

采用三种麻醉药常用剂量分别对小鼠腹腔注射进行全身麻醉,然后选用氨基甲酸乙脂的5%,10%,15%,20%,25%浓度对小鼠腹腔注射进行麻醉,观察动物麻醉效果和对麻药的反应,用以比较氨基甲酸乙脂、戊巴比妥钠和乙醚这三种常用麻醉药对小鼠的麻醉效果,并筛选氨基甲酸乙脂的最佳麻醉浓度.     

不同提取方法对五味子中木脂素成分提取率的影响

目的比较3种不同方法提取五味子中木脂素类成分的含量.方法分别用大孔吸附树脂法、超临界CO_2流体萃取法和超声提取法对五味子中木脂素成分进行提取,采用高效液相色谱法测定五味子中7种主要木脂素的含量.结果大孔吸附树脂法、超临界CO_2流体萃取法和超声提取法的五味子木脂素提取率分别为1.09%,1.89%和1.80%.结论通过对比发现,3种提取方法中超临界CO_2流体萃取法提取的北五味子木脂素含量较高.     

从鸡骨中提取骨胶原的酶解工艺研究

以鸡骨为原料,研究了胃蛋白酶酶解提取骨胶原的工艺.原料先用乙醚脱脂,然后用0.5 mol/L的盐酸溶液处理24 h以除去杂质,再以乙酸溶液为酶解溶剂来提取骨胶原.研究结果表明,最佳酶解条件为:温度45℃,乙酸溶液浓度0.7 mol/L,酶解时间36 h.在此工艺条件下,胶原蛋白含量为63.98%,钙含量为39.07 mg/g.     

金铃子复方胃漂浮缓释制剂成型前处理研究

目的:通过实验,建立金铃子复方中有效成分延胡索乙素、川楝素HPLC含量测定的方法,对金铃子复方进行提取精制工艺研究,为成型工艺的研究做准备。方法:采用HPLC法对金铃子复方提取液中延胡索乙素、川楝素的含量进行测定,以提取时间、提取次数、乙醇倍数、乙醇浓度为主要考察因素,以延胡索乙素、川楝素的含量为评价指标,通过正交试验设计优选金铃子复方的最佳提取工艺。结果:延胡索的最佳提取工艺为:加14倍70%乙醇回流提取3次,每次提取1 h;川楝子的最佳提取工艺为:加10倍量95%乙醇回流提取3次,每次提取1.5 h。结论:本实验所优选出来的制备工艺合理可行,稳定可靠。     

空气和废气中乙酸含量的测定

乙酸在化学工业中使用很广泛,由于其本身的挥发性及工艺温度等原因,致使生产工艺尾气中乙酸挥发量较大,其浓度较高,影响环境.但现在对空气和废气中乙酸监测还没有较成熟的方法.在污染源验收监测中,通过碱液吸收废气中乙酸,再使用离子色谱仪测定溶液中乙酸根的含量,换算得乙酸的浓度.该方法简单易行,而且吸收率高,二氧化硫、氮氧化物均无干扰.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the