Norzooanemonin in the hydroidTubularia larynx

Summary The hydrochloride of 1,3-dimethyl imidazole-4-carboxylic acid (norzooanemonin), has been isolated from the hydroidTubularia larynx and its structure determined by X-ray analysis.This investigation was supported by grant No. HD-04543 from the National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development. One of us (RLM) also wishes to thank the National Institutes of Health for a Career Development award No. HD-19931.     

Seasonal changes in the uptake capacity of the suprachiasmatic nucleus for3H-serotonin

Summary The suprachiasmatic nucleus, a hypothalamic center important in mediation of circadian and estrous cycles, is shown in adult rats to have seasonal changes in its uptake capacity in vitro for³H-serotonin.Supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH-25091), the National Institute of Health (HD-10263, HD-03352, 5-T01-HD00104-10), USPHS, and the Ford Foundation (grant No. 630-0505 B, C).     

Estrogen binds to hypothalamic nuclei of androgen-insensitive (tfm) rats

Summary Androgen-insensitive (tfm) rats possess a nuclear-estrogen binding system in the brain that is similar to that of wild-type control males. In these mutant rats, radiolabeled estradiol was bound predominantly to hypothalamic nuclei and this binding was of limited capacity.This research was supported by grants Nos HD-13957 and HD-14726 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.     

The toxicity of two Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins to gypsy moth larvae is inversely related to the affinity of binding sites on midgut brush border membranes for the toxins

The delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki strain HD1-9 is almost 400 times more potent than the delta-endotoxin from strain HD-73 as a gypsy moth larvicide. The two delta-endotoxins compete for a high-affinity binding site on the brush border membrane of larval gypsy moth midguts. The affinity for the delta-endotoxin from strain HD-73 is much greater than the affinity for the delta-endotoxin from strain HD1-9.     

Daily melatonin injections inhibit short-day-induced testicular regression in hamsters

Summary Daily injections of melatonin were found to retard testicular regression in hamsters exposed to LD 10:14, if the injections occurred in the morning (i.e., 0.5 h after lights on), but not if they occurred in the afternoon (i.e., 6 h after lights on). These results indicate that appropriately timed injections of melatonin can at least partially block the inhibitory effects of short days on gonadal activity in the photoperiodic hamster.We wish to thank Susan Losee and Susan Stice for excellent technical assistance and Gary Ellis for his comments. This investigation was supported by NIH grants HD-09885, HD 12622 and Research Career Development Award HD-00249 (F. W. T.) from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.     

Nuclear progestin receptor in the chimpanzee sex skin

Summary We describe for the first time the presence of a nuclear progestin receptor in the sex skin of the chimpanzee, which is possibly involved in the anti-estrogen action of progestins in the sexual swelling.This work was supported by NIH grants RR-00165 and HD-13083 to the Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory University.     

Pregnancy blocking capacity and inbreeding in laboratory mice

Résumé Des expériences sur l'inhibition de l'implantation normale de l'oeuf fertilisé dans la paroi utérine (l'effetBruce), faites avec plusieurs générations de souris consanguines ainsi qu'avec un groupe hétérosanguin, indiquent que la disparition de cette inhibition est due à la sélection plutôt qu'à l'homozygosité. L'odeur provoquant cette inhibition et celle qui favorise la synchronisation estrogénique (l'effetWhitten), semblent être des émanations urinaires différentes.

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This investigation was supported by research grants HD-01141 and HD-00767 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.     

Anti-estrogen inhibition of testosterone-stimulated aggression in mice

Summary Testosterone-stimulated intermale aggression in castrated mice can be reversibly inhibited by anti-estrogen administration suggesting that estrogen formation and actions in the brain may be required for testosterone's behavioral actions.Supported by Grant HD-07049 from the National Institutes of Health. The CI-628 was generously provided by Parke, Davis (Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA).     

Plasma prolactin levels in fetal sheep

Zusammenfassung Entwicklung und Spezifität eines radioimmunologischen Verfahrens für Schaf-Prolaktin. Zirkulierende Prolaktinmengen wurden in Fetussen bestimmt und vom 110. bis zum 122. Tage bedeutende Prolaktinmengen festgestellt.

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Supported by a grant No. HD-00394 from the National Institutes of Health.     

Lipofuscin accumulation in squirrel monkey spinal cord consequent to protein malnutrition during gestation

Summary The formation of lipofuscin pigment in the anterior horn cells of the cervical spinal cord has shown in the fetuses and neonates under the extrinsic influence of maternal protein deprivation during the gestation period in the squirrel monkeys.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by US PHS grants RR-00165 HD-06087 from National Institute of Health. The technical assistance of Miss Judie Seubert is greatly appreciated.     

Normal osteoclast number and function in rat pups lacking parathyroid hormone

Summary In parathyroidectomized suckling rats, bone modeling and the number and activity of cells in the osteoclast population are normal. These findings are at variance with observations in older animals and suggest that factors other than parathyroid hormone influence osteoclast formation and function in the neonate.This work was supported by grants HD-07419 and DE-04629 from the NIH. We thank Darrell Iler for his excellent technical assistance.     

Antigenic analysis by 2-dimensional radio-coprecipitation

Zusammenfassung Neue Variante des Radio-Immundiffusionstests mit Antigenanalyse von menschlichem Gonadotrophin.

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This work was supported by AEC Contract No. AT(11-1)2031 and NIH Grant No. HD-0068-12.     

Growth-modulating serum tripeptide is glycyl-histidyl-lysine

Summary The structure of a growth-modulating tripeptide from human serum and plasma has been determined to be H-glycyl-histidyl-lysine-OH.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Public Health Service (HD-03148 and P17AM 18520) and from the National Cancer Institute (NO-1-CB53868).     

Close association of erythrocytes with surface of late mouse blastocysts: SEM analysis

Summary SEM analysis of preimplantation mouse blastocysts reveals closely associated red blood cells on involuted surfaces of trophoblasts, an indication of the capability for initial phases of phagocytosis at an early developmental stage.Acknowledgment. This study was supported by NICHD grant HD-06234 and NIH grant RR-05384. Author for reprint requests.     

Maturation of the pineal melatonin rhythm in long- and short-day reared Djungarian hamsters

Summary Male Djungarian hamsters, reared under long (16L/8D) or short (10L/14D) days, were sacrificed at various ages during the day or night, or at night following a 30-min light pulse. The pineal melatonin rhythm matured similarly under long and short days by 20 days of age. The results are discussed in context of the hypothesis that melatonin mediates the photoperiod effects which forestall puberty in short-day reared hamsters.Supported by NIH research grant HD-05481.     

Pineal inhibition of compensatory testicular enlargement in light-deprived hamsters

Zusammenfassung Halbseitige Kastration fÜhrt bei geblendeten Goldhamstermännchen mit Atrophie der Geschlechtsorgane nur nach Pinealektomie zu kompensatorischer Hodenhypertrophie.

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Supported by grant No. HD-02937 United States Public Health Service.

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U.S.P.H.S. Career Development Awardee (No. 1 K04 HD42398).     

The attenuation of prostaglandin-induced luteolysis in decidual tissue-bearing pseudopregnant rats

Summary Decidual tissue (DT)-bearing pseudopregnant (PSP) rats, in contrast to hysterectomized PSP rats, were resistant to a luteolytic regimen of either PGF₂ or PGE₂ when examined for the duration of PSP diestrus. The PG treatments, however, caused a marked fall in the serum progesterone levels on days 10 and 12, although the levels in DT-bearing rats on day 10 were significantly higher than in the hysterectomized rats.Acknowledgment. The authors wish to thank Helen Wilk and Edward Butler for their help in animal care; Ellen O'Laughlin-Phillips for the progesterone assays; Rosa Garnett, Jo Fletcher, and Aileen Svaty for editorial and secretarial help; Dr John E. Pike of the Upjohn Company for the gifts of PGE₂ and PGF₂; and Dr G. N. Niswender for the gift of antiserum GDN-337 used in the RIA for progesterone.Aided in part by NIH Training Grant HD-00024, Ford Foundation Grant 670-0135A, and NIH Program Project HD-07640.     

Circadian rhythm in adrenal adenyl cyclase and corticosterone abolished by medial forebrain bundle transection in the rat

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass die Nebennierenrinde von Ratten nicht nur eine rhythmische Tagesschwankung in ihrem Gehalt an Corticosteron, sondern auch eine Schwankung im Gehalt an Adenyl-Cyclase aufweist. Diese Rhythmen können durch eine stereotaktisch ausgeführte Trennung des medianen Vorderhirnbündels, welches zum Hypothalamus führt, aufgehoben werden.

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This work was supported by research grants No. NS-05002 and No. HD-04581 from the National Institutes of Health, USPHS.     

Role of inorganic phosphate in total biliary phosphorus determination

Summary Total phosphorus, inorganic phosphate, and phospholipids were measured in bile of rats and guinea pigs during choleresis and cholestasis produced by taurocholate and taurolithocholate, respectively. Under either experimental condition, total biliary phosphorus concentrations increased significantly in both species, due primarily to an increase in inorganic phosphate. These studies indicate that, if total phosphorus is taken as an estimate of biliary phospholipid concentration, correction for inorganic phosphate is essential under conditions associated with changes in bile secretory function.This work was supported by grant HD-17556 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.     

Influence of pinealectomy on serum estrogen and progesterone levels in blind-anosmic female rats

Summary Previous studies show that the suppression of gonadal function in blind-anosmic rats is dependent on the pineal gland. The present results demonstrate that in young female rats both the pineal gland and dual sensory deprivation have additional independent antigonaldal effects.This work was partially supported by state institutional funds and by NSF grant No. PCM 74-06276-276-A02. The radioimmunoassays of the steroids were carried out with the aid of the Radioimmunoassay Core which is supported by USPHS grant No. 1T30 HD-10202. We also thank Constance Stahl for typing assistance.