生态型河道应用伊乐藻修复受损水体的研究

将伊乐藻引入生态型河道受损水体修复中，通过室内试验系统地研究了伊乐藻的净化效果，结果表明：伊乐藻是修复受损水体较理想的材料，伊乐藻对总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和CODM。的累计去除率，在夏季分别为61％、89％和34％；在冬季分别为25．74％、26．59％和10．93％；伊乐藻对水体的净化能力高于菹草和金鱼藻。同时，探讨了修复过程中可能存在的二次污染问题。通过宏观的质量平衡估算，1g伊乐藻在1a内可以从1L水体中去除TN、TP和CODMn分别达到44．57、15．42和31．13mg。     

厌氧消化对养猪场废水的净化效果

考察了不同水力停留时间下厌氧消化对养猪场废水水质（COD、NH4^＋-N、TP和pH）的影响及装置产气量的变化．结果表明,厌氧消化对废水COD的去除效果较好,实验期内废水COD浓度持续下降,最终去除率为78．1％．但对NH4^＋-N的去除效果不理想,最终去除率仅为1．8％,对废水TP的最终去除率为68．4％．     

喀斯特湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地水质时空变化特征

为了解威宁草海湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地水质时空变化特征,于2018年1月(冬)、2018年4月(春)、2018年7月(夏)及2018年10月(秋),在草海湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地,根据空心莲子草入侵状态分别采集水体样品,测定pH值、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N) 、总磷(TP)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn )和叶绿素a(Chl.a)等水质指标,对空心莲子草入侵迹地水体富营养化状态及水质时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）草海湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地水质pH、TN、NH4+-N、TP、CODMn、Chl.a季节性差异显著（p<0.05）,TN、NH4+-N、TP、CODMn和Chl.a随水域变化从上游至下游呈降低趋势。TN、NH4+-N、TP、Chl.a随入侵程度的增加呈显著降低趋势（p<0.05）;（2）空心莲子草入侵迹地水体综合营养指数随季节变化呈下降趋势,春季水质最差。随水域变化综合营养指数沿上游到下游呈降低趋势,上游水质最差。草海湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地水体总体处于中度富营养化状态;（3）草海湿地空心莲子草入侵迹地属于磷限制型,通过限制磷元素的输入可有效降低水体富营养化程度。     

3种植物对泰达高盐再生水景观河道水质的净化

通过3种植物——水葱、香蒲和美人蕉对天津经济技术开发（以下简称泰达）高含盐再生水景观河道水质净化效果进行研究,表明水力停留时间（HRT）对水体中污染物COD、TN、NH3-N、NO3 -N、TP、PO4-P的净化效果有明显的影响,各主要污染物去除率随HRT变化范围如下：COD的去除率14．47％～45．09％;TN的去除率为25．50％～71．00％、NH3-N的去除率为39．96％～82．47％、NO3-N的去除率为27．21％～74．41％、TP的去除率为38．91％～90．01％、PO4-P的去除率为38．55％-92．01％;水体中TDS含量在4500mg／L左右对植物及其水处理系统的净化效果没有影响;植物系统的出水pH均比进水的低．HRT相同,水葱、香蒲对磷的去除率较美人蕉高,其原因是因为水葱、香蒲是以湿地方式种植,而美人蕉是水培方式种植,前二者由于土壤的对磷吸附的等作用从而导致磷的去除率较后者高,3种植物对其它污染物去除率基本相．     

嘉陵江重庆段营养盐空间变化特征及营养状态评价

为研究嘉陵江水环境的演变过程以及为嘉陵江环境治理提供依据和技术支持,对嘉陵江重庆段7个断面总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、叶绿素a(Chla)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、透明度(SD)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、亚硝态氮(NO-2-N)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总溶解态磷酸盐(TDP)进行2年的连续监测,对营养盐的空间变化特征进行分析,结合相关性分析,利用单因子法和综合营养状态指数法评价水体营养盐结构和营养状态。研究结果显示,研究区水体TN,TP,Chla,CODMn含量和SD差异较大,TN和TP的值远高于发生富营养化的阈值。相关性分析表明Chla与SD,TN,CODMn相关性不显著,与TP呈极显著负相关;SD与TN,TP,CODMn呈极显著负相关,TN,TP呈极显著正相关。利用单因子评价方法表明嘉陵江重庆段水体水质以II类为主,但由于草街水库的修建导致水体流速温度等变化,故虽然嘉陵江重庆段水体总体营养状态评价低于轻度富营养化阈值,但已发生水华爆发,应引起高度重视。
     

嘉陵江重庆段营养盐空间变化特征及营养状态评价

为研究嘉陵江水环境的演变过程以及为嘉陵江环境治理提供依据和技术支持,对嘉陵江重庆段7个断面总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、叶绿素a(Chla)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、透明度(SD)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、亚硝态氮(NO-2-N)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总溶解态磷酸盐(TDP)进行2年的连续监测,对营养盐的空间变化特征进行分析,结合相关性分析,利用单因子法和综合营养状态指数法评价水体营养盐结构和营养状态。研究结果显示,研究区水体TN,TP,Chla,CODMn含量和SD差异较大,TN和TP的值远高于发生富营养化的阈值。相关性分析表明Chla与SD,TN,CODMn相关性不显著,与TP呈极显著负相关;SD与TN,TP,CODMn呈极显著负相关,TN,TP呈极显著正相关。利用单因子评价方法表明嘉陵江重庆段水体水质以II类为主,但由于草街水库的修建导致水体流速温度等变化,故虽然嘉陵江重庆段水体总体营养状态评价低于轻度富营养化阈值,但已发生水华爆发,应引起高度重视。     

天然水中氮素形态对菹草富集和降解DBP作用的影响

菹草是典型的沉水植物,在水体污染修复与生态重建中起重要作用．从海河干流和2个小型景观湖泊采集了4个氮素含量、氮素形态组成不同的水样,利用组培菹草研究了氮素形态对菹草富集和降解邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）作用的影响．结果表明：海河水中NO-3-N为氮的主要形态（59．4％～59．6％）,湖泊水中NH4~-N为主要形态（47．7％～6712％）;随着水中N03-N含量的增加,菹草对DBP的降解速率常数（0．8×10-2～11．7×10-2d-1）随之增大,植物富集系数（0．94～7．43L／kg）也相应增大．进一步研究了菹草对水中不同形态氮素的吸收作用及生理指标（叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和硝酸还原酶活性）变化发现,菹草主要吸收利用水中的N03-N,菹草的生理指标也主要受N03-N含量的影响;N03-N含量增加,菹草的生理活性增大．这说明N03-N含量较高的水中菹草的活性较高,菹草对DBP的富集和降解作用增强．     

固定化栅藻对市政污水中氮、磷营养盐的深度净化

利用固定化藻类的生物富积作用净化污水中的氮和磷，将栅藻包埋固定在褐藻酸钙凝胶胶球中，对人工污水进行深度净化．研究藻细胞年龄和饥饿处理时间对污水中NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的净化效率以及净化过程中藻类叶绿索a含量变化．结果表明：静止初期藻细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P去除率比指数末期高，处理5d后，静止初期细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的去除率分别为76．7％及91．7％，指数末期细胞氮、磷的去除率分别为75．4％和88．7%；饥饿处理可明显提高藻细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的去除效率，藻细胞饥饿时间对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P去除率的影响大小依次为48h，72h，24h，0h．     

黄花水龙浮巢净化富营养化水体

以黄颡鱼夏花培育水体为试验用养殖污水,黄花水龙作为净化水质的植物浮巢材料,分别设置了1,2,3kg／m^3三种水龙初始生物量的鱼草共生系统,并与传统的商业性养殖模式作同步比较,分析了黄花水龙对养鱼污水主要水质因子、鱼苗生长和存活率的影响．经过6周饲养,试验结果为：试验组的鱼草共生系统水体水质优良,鱼类生长良好,试验终未水体中溶解氧浓度（DO）≥6．0mg／L,总氨氮（NH4^＋ -N）≤1．22mg／L,化学需氧量（COD）≤96mg／L,悬浮固体浓度（髂）≤26mg／L,成活率≥70％;对照组的有鱼无草系统中水质逐渐恶化,鱼类生长受到抑制甚至生存也不能保障,试验终末DO=3．0mg／L,NH4^＋ -N=3．8mg／L,COD=134mg／L,SS=80mg／L,夏花成活率仪为16％．研究结果表明：黄花水龙可有效净化水质,确保了夏花生产良性运行,还节约了水资源并达到无污染排放．     

生态型河道应用菹草修复受损水体的实验研究

为了研究将菹草引入生态型河道受损水体修复的可行性,通过室内实验系统地研究了菹草的净化效果.结果表明:菹草是修复受损水体较理想的材料,菹草对总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和CODMn的累计去除率,在夏季分别为66.45%、91.05%和46.06%,在冬季分别为25.74%、26.59%和10.93%;菹草对水体的净化能力高于金鱼藻和狐尾藻.文中还探讨了修复过程中可能存在的二次污染问题.通过宏观的质量平衡估算,1 g菹草在1 a内可以从1 L水体中去除TN、TP和CODMn分别达到44.70、13.38和35.13 mg.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that