基于织物自适应正交小波的疵点检测

应用织物自适应正交小波对织物疵点的检测和识别进行了分析,首先介绍了织物图像的小波分解算法和紧支撑正交小波,在此基础上提出了织物自适应小波的构造,由自适应小波对织物图像分解,然后对分解后的纬向和经向子图像提取特征,由特征什检测和识别疵点。实验证明了该方法对素色织物的常见疵点具有快速、准确的检测效果。     

基于摄像头采集和图像处理的机织物密度检测

采用CCD摄像头拍摄机织物图像,根据其特性进行图像处理,自动寻找条纹方向并旋转图像.通过运用误差处理的方法,得到精确的织物经纬密度.研究结果表明,拍摄一幅图像即可快速得到织物的经纬两个方向的密度,比傅里叶变换和小波变换计算量小,并可以用于实际生产过程中的纺织品密度在线检测.     

基于图像分解的织物组织自动识别

利用维纳滤波从水平和垂直两个方向分解织物图像,经过合理的二值化,分别获得包含经纱和纬纱特征信息的子图像,从而计算经纬纱密度等参数.综合子图像的部分信息,可以确定织物组织点的位置,再利用每个组织点区域内经纬向纹理特征,判断织物组织类型.经过对平纹、斜纹、缎纹3种基本组织布样的实验,表明该方法可以很好地识别织物组织类型.     

The Application of Neural Network in Recognition of Fabric Weave Parameters

IntroductionFabricweaveparametersaretheimportantcharactersoffabricweave.Todistinguishastructureoffabricweave,threeproblemshavetobesolved.Oneistofindthepositionofinterlacingpoint,anotheristodeterminethepropertyofinterlacingpoint,andthethirdistodistinguishthenameofinterlacingpoint.Inthisstudy,themethodofidentifyingfabricweaveparametersisbasedonthefollowingthreeassumptions:1)Thepositionofweftinfabricisdeterminedbypeakandvalebrightnessprojectioncurveinthedirectionofwarp;2)Thechangeinweftsbrightne…     

织物的膜理论

为了对织物膜结构和服装进行虚拟模拟，例如膜结构的张紧和褶皱以及服装的悬垂和屈曲，建立了编织物的膜理论．编织物的细观编织结构被引入了膜理论，织物的经线和纬线被选为曲线坐标轴，未变形的纱线作为Lagrangian坐标轴，变了形的纱线作为Eulerian坐标轴．在变形中考虑经线和纱线之间夹角．该理论被用于织物膜的张紧分析．数值结果表明，当应变e12达0．06时，由于纱线夹角的改变导致的应力增加占总应力的25％左右．     

多层机织物增强结构的设计

纺织结构在纤维增强复合材料的成型中占有越来越重要的地位．增强纤维加工成纺织结构可以方便复合材料的加工,提高复合材料的韧性和损伤容限,使材料不宜分层．本文主要介绍了各层经纬密度不同的多层机织物的设计方法     

Theoretical Calculation Model of Single Rip Tearing Strength for the Nonwoven Composites

The nonwoven composites have sandwich structure, with the first and third layers being nonwovens and the middle layer of woven fabric. On the basis of tests of the single rip tearing strength and drawing out resistances of both the nonwoven composites and the woven fabric, the single rip tearing failure mechanism of the composites were analyzed. Then theoretical calculation model for the single rip tearing strength was established, which indicates that the breaking strength of warp and weft yams in the nonwoven composites, the density of warp and weft yarns and drawing out resistances are the main influencing factors. In the end, experimental verification was made, which shows that theoretical values conform to the measured values well.     

打纬及开关车织物横档疵点

以实验的方法解释了织机在未采用张力补偿措施前提下,产生开关车织物横档疵点的原因。织机开关车时由于主轴转速、钢筘打纬速度达不到正常数值,使经纱张力及钢筘打纬力达不到一定的正常数值,以致打纬过程中经纬纱线相对滑移量比织机正常运转时的数值小、共同移动量比正常运转时的数值大,所形成的织物达不到正常的纬密,在织物上产生横档疵点。同时,也指出了长期以来对织物横档疵点成因一种肤浅的解释。     

Relationship between Beating and Setting-on Place

In this paper,what causes the setting-on place of woven fabrics without adopting tension compensation is explained by means of experimental methods.Owing to that the main shaft speed and the beating speed of reed can not attain the normal values at setting-on,the warp tension and the beating force of the reed can neither reach the normal level.Therefore,the relative slippage movement of the weft against the warp during beating will be less,while the common movement of the weft together with the warp will be bigger than those at nor-mal running.As a result,the setting-on place is then     

织编物的组织结构

织编物是把机织与针织的原理相结合所生产出的一种带条纹的织物。为了深入研究织编物的特性、用以指导在设计这一类织编物时所遇到的种种问题,我们有必要对织编物的组织结构进行研究。本文就织编物的厚度与经纬纱的细度,经纬纱的密度与用纱量之间的关系,织编物的几种基本组织结构及其经纬密度的配置,以及经纬向的强力与伸长,纱线复盖度与透光及透气性的问题一一作了研究,虽然这一工作仅仅是开始,但它有助于对这类新型织物的生产研究工作,以供这方面工作的同志参考。     

快速富里叶变换在织物结构分析中的应用

在计算机图像处理和横式识别领域，快速富氏变换（ＦＦＴ）技术起着非常重要的作用．织物（此文只论及机织物）的结构是由相同单元规则地排列而成的，呈现很强的周期性．这使得ＦＦＴ技术在分析织物结构特征中特别有效．本文讨论如何应用ＦＦＴ去识别织物组织、纱线密度、纬纱倾斜度等其它结构参数．     

Fabric Defect Detection Using Adaptive Wavelet Transform

A method of woven fabric defect detection using the wavelet transform adaptive to the fabric has been developed. With reference to the orthogonality constrains of Daubechies wavelet, by taking the minimization of the energy or the gray level of the pixels hi the output sub-images as the additional conditions and using the random algorithm method, two sets of wavelet filters adapted to the fabric texture were formed. The original images of normal fabric texture and the fabric texture with defects were decomposed into horizontal and vertical sub-images by using these filters and the feature indices of these sub-images were also extracted. By comparing the feature indices of the normal texture with that of the defective texture, the fabric defects can be successfully detected and located.     

Effect of Knitting Process on Elastic Property of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)/Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Warp Knitted Fabric

This study investigated the elastic elongation and elastic recovery of the elastic warp knitted fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate( PET) and polybutylene terephthalate( PBT)filament. The effect of knitting parameter on the elasticity of PBT /PET warp knitted fabric was analyzed. The increase of drawing density( from 16 to 26 courses per centimeter( CPC)) on machine resulted in the decrease of elongation at the weft direction. But,the elongation at the warp direction fluctuated as drawing density increasing. The yarn run-in speed influenced the elongation of PET /PBT warp knitted fabric as well. When the yarn run-in speed of GB1( front bar) was kept a constant,the increase of GB2( back bar) yarn run-in speed caused the gradual enhancement of the elastic elongation at the warp direction,but the different trends of the elastic elongation at the weft direction. When yarn run-in speed of GB2 was kept a constant,the increase of GB1 yarn run-in speed enlarged the elastic warp elongation from 104.16 to 124.97 mm,while the weft elongation decreased from 110.34 to 98.03 mm.Eventually yarn run-in speeds of GB1 and GB2 were retained at1 360 and 1 170 mm / rack respectively under 20 CPC drawing density. It could not only balance the two directions of elongation but also reach the highest elongation at both directions( 126. 32 and115.88 mm) under 100 N tension. These results provide a better understanding of characteristics of PET / PBT warp knitted fabric,and its elastic elongation and recovery behavior for development and effective applications.     

Manufacture of Flax Reinforced PP Laminates and Research on the Tensile Properties

Flax fiber was used to reinforce Polypropylene （PP） owing to its lower impact on environment and suitable mechanical behaviors. To overcome the difficulty of penetrating fibers due to the high viscosity of thermo-plastic resin, PP filaments wrapping around the linen yam produced commingled yams, which were woven into fabrics as preforms to make laminates by optimum hot-pressing technology. The effects of fiber volume fraction, fabric density and structure on tensile properties of composites were researched through analyzing the tensile test results and the scanning electronic microscope （SEM） micrographs of fracture surface. Conclusions are drawn that the properties of laminates with fiber volume fraction of 0.50 are better than those with the other two fractions. For plain structure, the tensile properties in warp direction decrease according to the increase of weft density while in weft direction increase. For different fabric structures, properties of laminates with structures of plain 3, twill 2/2 and twill 3/1 increase gradually. And properties in weft direction are prior to those in warp direction for each laminate.     

碱处理对剑麻连续长纤增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响

以丙纶长纤为经纱,剑麻连续长纤为纬纱,织成剑麻/PP平纹机织物.采用不同浓度的氢氧化钠对织物进行碱处理,将处理后的织物与聚丙烯薄板模压成型,制备出剑麻连续长纤增强聚丙烯复合材料.采用SEM对碱处理前后的剑麻纤维形貌进行分析,讨论不同碱处理浓度对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:碱处理对剑麻连续长纤的表面具有刻蚀作用,以及对剑麻连续长纤增强聚丙烯复合材料的动态热机械性能、拉伸性能、弯曲性能均有一定的影响.     

织物纬斜检测图像光照不均匀的校正方法

为了解决在织物纬斜的检测过程中织物图像光照不均匀的问题,提出一种织物图像校正方法.首先,在每个像素点所处的列中,统计一个纬线宽度范围内像素值小于该点的个数,将统计结果作为该点的像素值;然后,按比例还原每个点的像素值,使每条纬线对应位置的像素值恢复到同一灰度水平;最后,把校正后的图像用Otsu法进行二值化,并与其他解决光照不均匀问题的经典方法进行对比.结果表明:文中方法能够很好地消除光照不均匀的影响,得到接近均匀光照下的二值图像.     

灰色模型在纺织上的应用——全毛华达呢综合手感预测

本文运用灰色控制理论、建立织物几何结构参数与织物综合手感值之间的灰色模型,(GM)探讨同一毛坯织物,经不同染整工艺加工的全毛华达呢成品织物的质量;该模型的建立,使常规测试的数据,可以预测织物综合手感值,为灰色模型在纺织界的应用展示了前景。     

应用图像分析技术自动识别织物的组织结构

通过对机织物图像的表面形态分析,建立3种基本组织(平纹、斜纹和缎纹)的表面纹理模型,运用傅里叶变换技术得到3种基本组织的频谱模型,并建立表面纹理模型和频谱图模型之间的对应关系,从而为运用图像分析和人工智能技术自动测量织物的结构参数、识别机织物类型奠定理论基础.实验结果证明,这种方法是准确可靠的.     

Effect Factors on Measurement Precision of the Embedded Temperature Sensing Fabric

The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrinkage polyester filaments.And the fabric was treated by a self-designed partial heat device,which can make the sensor be fixed in the fabric.The effects of yarn type,yarn linear density,fabric warp density,fabric structure,fabric layer numbers where the sensor is located,and the ambient temperature on the temperature measured value were investigated.The results demonstrated that when the higher thermal conductivity of yarns and lower density yarns were applied in the fabric as rawmaterials,they were favored to improve the measurement precision.Meanwhile,there were many factors that could make the measured values closer to the real value of the body,such as the plain fabric,the increased warp density of the fabric,the multiple-layer fabric where the sensor was located,the raised ambient testing temperature and the prolonged test time in the certain range.     

平面三向织机经纱张力环的设计

平面三向织物是由三组互成60°角的纱线交织而成。制织这种织物的织机必须装有经纱长度补偿装置。本文阐述了使用经纱张力调节环来补偿经纱的长度。文中介绍了经纱张力调节环的设计方法,提出了用近似计算法来设计张力环。通过分析,认为这种设计方法是可行的。