碎石桩复合地基非线性固结分析

针对非线性偏微分固结方程难以直接求得解析解答的问题,采用对固结时间离散化的方法编制固结计算程序,在每个计算时间段内假设桩周土土体及碎石桩参数为常数,建立固结控制方程并求解。根据上一时间段的计算结果确定下一时间段的计算参数和初始条件,实现了同时考虑碎石桩和软土非线性特征的复合地基固结计算。在此基础上,分析了复合地基的固结性状,得出碎石桩复合地基随着 C     

悬臂法施工连续梁临时固结体系的计算探讨

以连续梁悬灌施工现场实例,详细介绍临时固结体系的施工及检算方案,确保梁体结构的稳定和安全。     

土工织物充填管状袋固结过程的有限元分析

用土工织物充灌袋堆积成围埝已经在围海造田中得到了广泛应用。土工编织袋用砂、粉土或者其他渗透性较大的土搅拌成泥浆来充填。在高含水的土工材料的使用问题中,脱水是非常重要的一步。由于这些土工材料具有较低的剪切强度,因此对它们的使用需要等到脱水程序完成。对于袋体在固结过程发生的变形研究,国外已有的计算方法认为:袋体高度的下降仅仅是由于袋体体积减小引起的,没有考虑孔隙水的排出。因此,这些解答只能用于对简单问题的研究。利用ABAQUS有限元软件,考虑孔隙水的排出,使用流固耦合分析步进行土工织物充灌袋的固结计算,求得固结完成后高度的下降值和充填物孔隙水压力的分布。这些结论可以用于后续土工织物充灌袋的堆积问题的研究。     

唐河水电站工程初步设计中的泄洪闸结构设计

从工程初步设计的角度研究了唐河水库工程设计中泄洪闸的结构设计,拟定了泄洪闸的主要尺寸,并对拟定的泄洪闸进行了应力和稳定计算,证明了拟定尺寸的合理性。     

浅谈软土路基排水固结法施工的质量控制

本文综述了杭宁高速公路浙江段第七合同段,排水固结法在软土地基处理中的技术措施和质量控制。     

堤坝蚁穴通道的可灌性及浆液配比

堤坝蚁穴通道的可灌性极不均匀。通过对渗流条件和制浆材料性能的详细分析,配制出了两种浆液,1#号浆液适用于细小孔道和裂缝的充灌,2#浆液适用于粗大空腔的充填固结,只有配合使用两种浆液,才能达到灭蚁防渗的目的。     

堤坝劈裂灌浆浆液的固结效应

针对堤坝劈裂灌浆防渗加固中浆液固结机理,结合实际劈裂灌浆施工过程,采用了有限差分数值计算方法开展数值模拟,基于应变硬化-渗流耦合模型,探讨了浆液渗流固结的变化规律,分析了浆液在灌浆、停灌和复灌不同阶段的孔隙水压力、坝体应力水平增量等变化特征,得到了浆液在不同阶段的扩散形态和应力水平增量沿不同路径的分布特征,揭示了堤坝劈裂灌浆浆液在土体内渗流固结机理.计算结果表明:堤坝劈裂灌浆过程中浆液以灌浆轴线为中心线,向坝体四周扩散,对称分布;随着灌浆次数的增加,浆液在坝体内渗透所产生的孔隙水压力也逐渐增大,浆液扩散区域也逐渐增大,从而更为有效地填充坝体内所存在的病害体,改善坝体内应力状态,提高坝体防渗效果.     

压汞法对不同深度软土固结的微观孔隙特征研究

软土的微观孔隙特征对软土的固结特性以及渗透特性有较大的影响。压汞法是广泛应用于研究材料孔隙特征的方法,利用压汞法对不同深度的珠海原状软土在不同的固结压力下进行了微观孔隙特征测试。对比研究了软土孔隙大小分布、孔隙面积、孔隙比以及平均孔径与固结压力的关系。试验结果表明:软土在固结过程中孔隙特征的变化受原状初始物理性质的影响;软土试样随着固结压力的增大,由孔径为400 nm—2500 nm区段的孔隙逐渐发展为孔径30 nm—400 nm区段的孔隙,即固结过程中软土试样的较大孔隙逐渐转变为较小孔隙;软土试样在固结压力100 kPa200 kPa,孔隙比及平均孔径仍在减小,但速度减慢,曲线近于平缓。     

三峡机场填土次固结反分析与弹性地基上板分析

根据粘性土次固结理论，对三峡机场跑道主要填土段的变形进行了反分析，结果得到机场填土的次固结指数、最终沉降量和到指定时间的固结度等数据。尚根据弹性地基上极理论，对飞机荷载对地基和混凝土面板的变形和破坏的影响进行了数值分析，其成果直接为填土段道场面混凝土施工提供了依据。     

强岩溶地层深孔固结灌浆施工关键技术研究

重庆秀山隘口水库身处岩溶发育地区,工程地质条件复杂。以此工程为例介绍了坝基深孔固结灌浆施工技术的方法和结果,分析了施工中存在的技术难点,阐述了强岩溶地区灌浆特殊情况下所采取的措施。通过灌后物探检查和检查孔压水试验证明,固结灌浆质量满足设计要求,灌浆工艺合理,可供类似工程参考借鉴。     

Factors influencing the pumpability of unclassified tailings slurry and its interval division

Tailings consolidation and discharging technology is currently a popular means for disposing tailings in China. In this study, we describe a laboratory investigation of the unclassified tailings slurry from an iron mine and analyze the influence of the concentration,amount of consolidation agent, and types of consolidation agent on the pumpability in terms of the slump, slump flow, and bleeding rate of the slurry. The results indicate that an increase in concentration leads to a pronounced decrease in the magnitude of the slump, slump flow,and the bleeding rate. Compared with the consolidation agents P.O42.5 and P.S.A32.5, the new consolidation agent offers substantial advantages in promoting the pumping performance of the slurry. The concentration more strongly affects the slump, slump flow, and the bleeding rate of the slurry than does the amount of the consolidation agent. We also constructed the pumpability interval of the slurry on the basis of the slump and bleeding rate and accordingly determined the proportioning parameters of the slurry with a concentration of 75 wt% to79 wt% and with a consolidation agent concentration of 2 wt%. In addition, we discussed the pumpability mechanism of the slurry.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680℃ and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680℃, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.     

Preparation of semisolid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry through weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring

The semisolid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with large capacity was prepared by low superheat pouring and week traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring. The effects of electromagnetic stirring power and frequency on the shape and distribution of primary α-A1 grains in the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry were discussed. The experimental results show that the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with fine and spherical primary α-A1 grains distributed homogeneously can be obtained. Under the condition of low superheat pouring and week traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring, when the pouring temperature is 630℃, raising the stirring power or frequency appropriately can gain a better shape of primary α-Al grains; but if the stirring power or frequency is increased to a certain value (1.72 kW or 10 Hz), the shape of primary α-A1 grains cannot be obviously improved and spherical primary α-Al grains distributed homogeneously can be still obtained.     

沼液施肥对滨海盐碱地土壤性状的影响

【目的】分析沼液对滨海盐碱土土壤性状的影响,以及改良土壤的生产应用效果。【方法】在江苏省东台市选择滨海盐碱土,设置了大田周年3茬沼液肥种植试验,沼液喷施和浇施总量分别为0(CK)、65、101、138、175、211和260 m³/hm²,并种植花椰菜以验证土壤性状改良效果。【结果】对滨海盐碱土壤施用适量的沼液(65～268 m³/hm²),土壤pH从8.45降至7.90左右,EC值也从478 μS/cm降至150 μS/cm左右,土壤有机质从1.5 g/kg升至约2.0 g/kg。土壤全氮和有效磷含量也得到较好保持或恢复。改良土壤上的花椰菜生长状况良好,与CK处理相比,花椰菜产量增加、品质提高:不同施用方式下,花椰菜产量存在差异,单茬浇施用量为每小区25.2 L(84 m³/hm²)时,产量最高可达29 236.5 kg/hm²; 单茬喷施用量为每小区31.2 L(104 m³/hm²)时,产量最高可达23 628.0 kg/hm²。另外,施用沼液后,对花椰菜可溶性糖和Vc含量提高具有明显促进作用。【结论】沼液可以改良滨海盐碱土壤性状,有助于降低土壤的pH和EC值,改善土壤的酸碱度,提高或恢复土壤的肥力。沼液可以代替常规肥料用于盐碱地花椰菜的生产,浇施沼液效果好于喷施,单茬沼液的理想施用量范围为84～104 m³/hm²。     

Refinement of primary Si grains in Al–20%Si alloy slurry through serpentine channel pouring process

In this study, a serpentine channel pouring process was used to prepare the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry and refine primary Si grains in the alloy. The effects of the pouring temperature, number of curves in the serpentine channel, and material of the serpentine channel on the size of primary Si grains in the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were investigated. The results showed that the pouring temperature, number of the curves, and material of the channel strongly affected the size and distribution of the primary Si grains. The pouring temperature exerted the strongest effect, followed by the number of the curves and then the material of the channel. Under experimental conditions of a four-curve copper channel and a pouring temperature of 701℃, primary Si grains in the semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were refined to the greatest extent, and the lath-like grains were changed into granular grains. Moreover, the equivalent grain diameter and the average shape coefficient of primary Si grains in the satisfactory semi-solid Al–20%Si alloy slurry were 24.4 μm and 0.89, respectively. Finally, the refinement mechanism and distribution rule of primary Si grains in the slurry prepared through the serpentine channel pouring process were analyzed and discussed.     

Investigation of rheo-diecasting mold filling of semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry

The rheo-diecasting mold filling capacity and the microstructure of the semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry were investigated. The results show that the mold filling capacity was strengthened with increasing pouring temperature or increasing injection pressure. Under certain process parameters, the mold cavity was fully filled. However, the mold filling capacity decreased with increasing holding time. The mold filling capacity was improved with increasing shape factor of primary α(Al) grains; however, the solid fraction and the grain size significantly increased at the same time. In addition, the microstructures along the route of the spiral samples obviously differed. The grain size decreased gradually from the near-end to the far-end, whereas the shape factor increased gradually.     

Study on Semi-solid Rheocasting Forming for Magnesium Alloy by Mechanical Stirring

In this paper the effect of pouring temperature of magnesium melt, preheating temperature of the barrel of screw mixer and shear rate on the solidified microstructures of semi-solid slurry was investigated by mechanical stirring method. The appropriate processing parameters of slurry preparation were obtained. The mold filling for thin walled casting was examined. Results indicated that the solid volume fraction of non-dendritic structure increased with decrease in pouring temperature of magnesium melt and ...     

两级固结堵漏井筒压力的变化规律

常规固结堵漏浆体驻留性差、井筒留塞难。现场采用两级固结堵漏工艺,在固结堵漏浆体前向漏失层注入高黏稠浆体,以提高浆体驻留性。但对堵漏作业过程中井筒压力变化规律认识不清,井筒压力精细控制不足,工艺参数如排量、浆体体积等的确定缺乏理论指导,这些仍然是固结堵漏工艺优化面临的关键问题之一。基于浆体在裂缝中一维径向流动模型,建立了多级固结堵漏动力学模型,提出临界压差和压差比两个参数表征浆体的驻留性。以高黏稠凝胶浆+水泥浆两级固结堵漏工艺为例,分析裂缝宽度、排量、浆体体积及比例对井筒压力的影响,厘清堵漏过程中与环空液面高度变化与井筒压力的关系。研究表明：裂缝宽度越小,堵漏过程中井筒与地层压差、临界压差越大,浆体更容易驻留。增加浆体体积和高黏稠浆体比例,有助于浆体驻留,但实际堵漏应综合考虑浆体驻留、漏层裂缝封固以及成本等多因素。浆体排量越大,压差比越大,不利于浆体驻留。环空液面高度变化可以判断漏失地层井筒压力变化,现场应加强环空液面高度的监测。     

泥水盾构泥浆在砂土地层中的渗透特性及对地层强度的影响

对于泥水盾构隧道施工,在有压泥浆渗透到地层的情况下,开挖面表面会形成渗透系数极小的泥膜.通过作用在不透水的泥膜上的泥浆压力来平衡掌子面前方的土水压力,以保证开挖面的稳定.以南京纬三路过江通道工程为背景,选择粒径及级配不同的3种地层,进行室内有压泥浆渗透地层模型试验,探讨有压泥浆在不同地层中的渗透特性及泥浆渗透对地层强度的影响规律.研究发现,对于砂土地层,其渗透系数是影响泥浆渗透深度及泥膜质量的重要因素,渗透系数分别与泥浆渗透深度及滤水量呈线性相关关系,而渗透到地层中的泥浆也会随着地层粒径的变化对砂土地层的剪切强度产生不同且有规律的影响.本文的研究成果可以为泥水盾构合理的泥浆支护压力提供相关参考.     

服装衬布热固型浆料的研究

采用热固型浆料制作服装双点黏合衬布,可以改善服装衬布的应用性能,从而提升服装品质。对聚丙烯酸酯服装衬布热固型浆料的研制过程及制作技术作了较为详尽的阐述,研究内容包括选择聚丙烯酸酯高分子物作为浆料的基料;实验筛选出适当的单体、助剂以及聚合工艺;将合成的乳液胶黏剂调制成服装衬布浆料;进行衬布涂层实验检验等。