均匀外压下非完善球壳的非线性稳定分析

以扁球壳代替球壳缺陷部分，把其余部分的作用简化为弹性约束．采用板壳大挠度理论的修正迭代法，对均布载荷作用下复杂边界扁球壳的非线性稳定问题进行求解，得到了二次近似的解析式．通过与试验结果进行比较，表明方法是行之有效的．     

球隙模型的经典Monte Carlo模拟

采用Monte Carlo方法,对导体球隙的表面电荷进行了数值模拟,得到了高对称轴和对称面上的电场分布。     

扁球壳非线性分析的一种新的渐近解法

提出了解决扁球壳非线性静、动态分析的另一种新的渐近方法。方法的实质是在壳体中面变形能中引一新参量Ｉｅ，得到了一组以Ｉｅ简单耦合的控制方程，通过迭代－变分方法求解方程，得出了扁球壳的一般非线性运动方程的近似表达式，将本文所得的部分数值结果和现有结果比较，证明本文结果精度是满意的。     

球对称膨胀黑洞的统计熵

本文运用量子统计方法，直接求解球对称膨胀黑洞背景中Bose场和Fermi场的配分函数，得到与近似求解波动方程而得到的积分表达式相同的结果．然后利用改进的brick--wall方法-膜模型，计算黑洞背景下Bose场和Fermi场的熵．得到黑洞与视界面积成正比的结论，在所得结论中不存在对数发散项与舍去项，也不存在态密度在视界附近发散问题，并且给出粒子的自旋简并度对黑洞熵的影响，整个计算过程不存在近似求解问题，为研究各种复杂黑洞熵提供了一条简捷的新途径。     

均匀外压下非完善球壳的非线性稳定分析

以扁球壳代替球壳缺陷部分，把其余部分的作用简化为弹性约束，采用板壳大挠度理论的修天迭代法，对均布载荷作用下复杂边界扁球壳的性稳定问题进行求解，得到了二次近似的解析式的解析式，通过与试验结果进行比较，表明方法之有效的。     

高能质子核反应截面的Monte Carlo计算

根据高能质子核反应的核内级联模型,采用Monte Carlo方法对高能质子入射靶核的核反应过程进行了模拟计算。碰撞进入靶核内的质子初始位置由随机抽样得到,而初始的能量和动量通过守恒定律计算得出;靶核内的核子数密度采用均匀分布近似;被碰核子的初始动量从Fermi分布中随机抽样得到,被碰核子的初始运动方向从各向同性分布中抽样;核子-核子碰撞动力学采用相对论下的两体碰撞近似。编程计算了高能质子核反应截面、次级粒子能谱等数据,并与相关结果进行了对比分析。     

盘式制动器热-机耦合渐变可靠性灵敏度分析

为了解决盘式制动器由于摩擦温度过高而导致可靠性降低的问题,以某种汽车的通风盘式制动器为例,进行了热-机耦合渐变可靠性灵敏度分析.利用Workbench的“Coupled Field Transient”模块进行热-机耦合分析,得到了在紧急制动工况下制动器瞬态温度场分布,然后通过与实验结果对比分析,确定有限元模型的准确性.根据制动器最高温度不能超过许用温度的关系推测,利用自适应Kriging代理模型理论建立制动器热-机耦合可靠性功能函数模型.采用自适应Kriging-Monte Carlo 模拟 (adaptive Kriging-Monte Carlo simulation, AK-MCS)方法进行热-机耦合渐变可靠性灵敏度分析,确定设计参数对可靠性的影响程度,并用Monte Carlo法进行结果的验证.结果表明:制动盘单侧厚度对可靠性的影响最为明显,制动盘的导热系数、比热容和散热加强筋厚度次之,制动盘密度影响最小.     

球扁壳的计算

本文用有限元法对地下球扁壳的挠变与内力进行了分析与计算。文中以一 个四边固定的方底球扁壳为例，和通常的简单边界效应叠加无矩解的近似公式 作了比较，指出这个公式产生较大误差的原因；由此本文提出了乘以一个无穷 等比级数之和的修正公式。对于这个例子，本文结果与用差分法［３］所得结果完 全吻合。本文还采用相似变换，对正六角形底、周边简支球扁壳的奇异性角区 进行了逐次自动加密计算。     

用有效截距法研究带电胶球中的有效作用

用Monte Carlo方法对处于两平行带电硬板约束下的大小带电胶球系统进行了模拟,根据对大胶球表面小胶球密度的统计,由密度积分方法获得大胶球所受的排空力。其所受的库仑力,用有效截距法做了处理。通过排空力和库仑力的对比分析,发现排空力和库仑力的合力存在长程吸引。     

塑性球壳在局部冲击载荷作用下的破坏分析

通过能量守恒,建立了弹体初速度与变形之间的关系,得到壳体受冲击后的残余窝陷半径和中心位移与弹体初速度之间关系的闭合近似解.采用数值模拟的方法研究了塑性球壳在圆柱形弹体撞击下变形的问题.对塑性球壳在冲击载荷作用下的变形进行了较详细的仿真研究.给出:①不同冲击速度下,球壳受撞击的最终变形模态结果;②窝陷半径、顶点位移、棱区宽度随弹体初始速度变化的关系.理论解、模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好.     

Sideband cooling of micromechanical motion to the quantum ground state

The advent of laser cooling techniques revolutionized the study of many atomic-scale systems, fuelling progress towards quantum computing with trapped ions and generating new states of matter with Bose-Einstein condensates. Analogous cooling techniques can provide a general and flexible method of preparing macroscopic objects in their motional ground state. Cavity optomechanical or electromechanical systems achieve sideband cooling through the strong interaction between light and motion. However, entering the quantum regime--in which a system has less than a single quantum of motion--has been difficult because sideband cooling has not sufficiently overwhelmed the coupling of low-frequency mechanical systems to their hot environments. Here we demonstrate sideband cooling of an approximately 10-MHz micromechanical oscillator to the quantum ground state. This achievement required a large electromechanical interaction, which was obtained by embedding a micromechanical membrane into a superconducting microwave resonant circuit. To verify the cooling of the membrane motion to a phonon occupation of 0.34?±?0.05 phonons, we perform a near-Heisenberg-limited position measurement within (5.1?±?0.4)h/2π, where h is Planck's constant. Furthermore, our device exhibits strong coupling, allowing coherent exchange of microwave photons and mechanical phonons. Simultaneously achieving strong coupling, ground state preparation and efficient measurement sets the stage for rapid advances in the control and detection of non-classical states of motion, possibly even testing quantum theory itself in the unexplored region of larger size and mass. Because mechanical oscillators can couple to light of any frequency, they could also serve as a unique intermediary for transferring quantum information between microwave and optical domains.     

N维极性晶体中的慢速运动光学极化子

本文用改进了的线性组合算符法讨论Ｎ维极性晶体中的慢速运动光学极化子．在强耦合和中间耦合（含弱耦合）极限下，导出了极化子的基态能量、有效质量以及围绕电子的平均虚声子数．在普适耦合范围内，给出了相应的数值计算结果．     

Circuit cavity electromechanics in the strong-coupling regime

Demonstrating and exploiting the quantum nature of macroscopic mechanical objects would help us to investigate directly the limitations of quantum-based measurements and quantum information protocols, as well as to test long-standing questions about macroscopic quantum coherence. Central to this effort is the necessity of long-lived mechanical states. Previous efforts have witnessed quantum behaviour, but for a low-quality-factor mechanical system. The field of cavity optomechanics and electromechanics, in which a high-quality-factor mechanical oscillator is parametrically coupled to an electromagnetic cavity resonance, provides a practical architecture for cooling, manipulation and detection of motion at the quantum level. One requirement is strong coupling, in which the interaction between the two systems is faster than the dissipation of energy from either system. Here, by incorporating a free-standing, flexible aluminium membrane into a lumped-element superconducting resonant cavity, we have increased the single-photon coupling strength between these two systems by more than two orders of magnitude, compared to previously obtained coupling strengths. A parametric drive tone at the difference frequency between the mechanical oscillator and the cavity resonance dramatically increases the overall coupling strength, allowing us to completely enter the quantum-enabled, strong-coupling regime. This is evidenced by a maximum normal-mode splitting of nearly six bare cavity linewidths. Spectroscopic measurements of these 'dressed states' are in excellent quantitative agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The basic circuit architecture presented here provides a feasible path to ground-state cooling and subsequent coherent control and measurement of long-lived quantum states of mechanical motion.     

利用压缩光场控制量子动力学模型的退相干

本文利用压缩算符的性质及相干态的性质,推导了一个量子动力学模型的退相干因子,并且实现了宏观极限下的退相干,随后,我们发现这种系统仪器的耦合对退相干有显剧的影响.     

库仑相互作用下的两个重粒子和一个轻粒子的半经典模型中的Faddeev-Hahn方程

研究了以Faddeev—Hahn方程半经典形式描述量子力学系统中3个带电粒子交换反应的可能性.为了解所考虑的方程,我们运用了一个考虑Stark线性效应的改进的强耦合道方法.     

Evidence for a macroscopic electric field in the sedimentation profiles of charged colloids

The determination of molecular masses from barometric sedimentation profiles, a main topic in ultracentrifugal analysis, is thought to be quantitatively correct for non-interacting particles. Whereas this expectation is justified for uncharged colloids or macromolecules at low volume fractions, early ultracentrifugation studies on charged particles had already indicated that the obtained masses might be much too low. More recently, expanded sedimentation profiles have been observed for charged particles, sometimes inflated by orders of magnitude relative to the barometric prediction, which highlights a shortcoming in our understanding of centrifugation of even very dilute charged species. Theory and simulations, anticipated by various authors, now propose that strongly non-barometric sedimentation profiles might be caused by an internal macroscopic electric field that, even for non-interacting particles, significantly decreases the buoyant particle mass. The existence of this field and its intriguing consequences still lack experimental verification. Here we report ultracentrifugation experiments on charged colloidal silica spheres, showing both the existence of such a macroscopic electric field and its drastic effects on the sedimentation profiles of very dilute dispersions at low ionic strength.     

基于重构贡献的双容水箱故障诊断方法

针对流程工业过程中变量数据众多,变量间耦合性强,常规主元分析法对于故障数据的分离存在一定局限性,提出了基于主元分析和重构贡献的双容水箱系统故障检测与诊断方法,介绍了一种基于SPE和T2统计量的综合评价指标,定义了重构贡献统计量,分析了重构贡献法的故障诊断性能,利用重构贡献法与传统贡献法进行对比诊断实验研究,并验证了重构贡献法故障诊断的有效性。     

2-(2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑的合成及其性质研究

采用在低温下重氮化反应、偶合反应、还原反应合成了2-(2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑.并用IR、质谱等进行了表征,这种合成方法成本较低、操作简单、反应迅速,合成的化合物在270-380nm内有强烈吸收,而在400-700nm内无任何吸收,是一类性能优良的紫外线吸收剂.     

基于密度Canopy的评论文本主题识别方法

融合Sentence-BERT和LDA的评论文本主题识别（SBERT-LDA）方法，将LDA的主题数作为K-means算法中的k值，导致算法可解释性较差、主题一致性较低。为了解决上述问题，提出基于密度Canopy的SBERT-LDA优化方法（SBERT-LDA-DC），利用密度Canopy改进K-means算法。实验结果表明，提出的方法在一致性指标上要优于使用K-means以及K-means++对特征向量聚类的同类方法；与SBERT-LDA方法相比，在1 852条戏剧评论数据集上，一致性指标值提高了22.9%。因此，所提出的SBERT-LDA-DC方法是有效的，对产品或服务提供者更好地了解用户意见、完善自身产品或提升服务水平提供了新方法，具有较强的实际应用价值。     

基于耦合的Henon和Sine映射及彩色图像加密

针对现有混沌映射模型的混沌空间小及混沌能力弱的问题,本文通过耦合二维Henon混沌映射模型和Sine混沌映射模型,设计了一种新的二维混沌映射模型,通过耦合Sine混沌映射模型和Logistic混沌映射模型,设计了一种新的一维混沌映射模型。针对使用单一置乱方法进行图像加密时安全性能不高的问题,本文通过使用Lorenz映射设计了一种随机选择置乱算法的方法。使用本文设计的两种混沌映射及置乱选择方法,提出一种彩色图像加密方案。仿真实验结果表明,该方法具有较大的置乱范围、较高的安全性和良好的图像加密效果,对常见的攻击有较强的抵抗力,且易于实现。