Advances in tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is a newly developed specialty involved in the construction of tissues and organs either in vitro or in vivo. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past decade in tisse construction as well as in other related areas, such as bone marrow stromal cells, embryonic stem cells and tissue progenitor cells. In our laboratory, tissues of full-thickness skin, bone, cartilage and tendon have been successfully engineered, and the engineered tissues have repaired full-thickness skin wound, cranial bone defects, articular cartilage defects and tendon defects in animals. In basic research areas, bone marrow stromal cells have been induced and transformed into osteoblasts and chondrocytes in vitro. Mouse embryo stem cell lines we established have differentiated into neuron precursor, cardiac muscle cells and epithelial cells. Genetic modifications of seed cells for promoting cell proliferation, delaying cell aging and inducing immune tolerance have also been investigated.     

软骨组织工程新进展

软骨组织工程技术为治疗骨、软骨疾病提供了一种新的方法，其主要技术路线是，通过种子细胞和生物活性支架的体外共培养实现软骨组织的再生，并最终完成组织的修复与重建。种子细胞的选择、支架的构建，培养条件的优化对软骨再生有重要作用，从而成为目前软骨工程领域的研究重点。     

Stem cells in tissue engineering.

The concept of producing 'spare parts' of the body for replacement of damaged or lost organs lies at the core of the varied biotechnological practices referred to generally as tissue engineering. Use of postnatal stem cells has the potential to significantly alter the perspective of tissue engineering. Successful long-term restoration of continuously self-renewing tissues such as skin, for example, depends on the use of extensively self-renewing stem cells. The identification and isolation of stem cells from a number of tissues provides appropriate targets for prospective gene therapies.     

植物组织培养技术的应用以及在培养过程中存在的问题

介绍了植物组织培养技术的应用以及在培养过程中遇到的问题并提出解决的方法.植物组织培养技术的应用范围很广,目前主要用在离体无性系快速繁殖与无毒化、植物育种、遗传物质的保存、植物次生代谢物的生产和植物基因转化等方面.     

软骨组织工程研究

骨及关节软骨损伤在临床多见,由于其自身的特点,软骨自发的再生和自我修复能力十分有限.随着软骨组织工程技术的发展,应用组织移植修复软骨缺损成为共同关心的研究课题.本文分别就软骨组织工程的供体来源、细胞外基质、支架材料及生长因子等方面进行综述探讨.     

微重力细胞培养与组织工程

组织工程主要致力于组织和器官的形成和再生，其核心就是建立细胞与生物材料的三维复合体，形成具有生命力的活体组织，用于对病损组织进行形态结构和功能的重建并达到永久性替代。目前有关微重力和模拟微重力条件下细胞体外生长的研究提示微重力培养环境有利于细胞体外增生，维持有功能的细胞长期生长，并且有助于形成组织样结构，使培养得到的组织更接近于活体组织。因此微重力细胞培养为组织工程的研究开辟了新的前景。