光电器件中有机半导体薄膜的光学和电学性质研究

采用真空热蒸发制备了 AlQ， BAlQ 和 NPB 有机半导体薄膜样品， 探讨了薄膜的透射、吸收和光学性质．制备了有机薄膜样品的夹心结构器件，研究了其电流-电压特性．结果表明: 有机薄膜的透明性能良好， AlQ 和 BAlQ 具有几乎相同的直接光学能隙(4.46 eV) ，大于 NPB 的能隙值(3.11 eV) ． AlQ， BAlQ 和 NPB 内部自由载流子浓度具有相同的数量级(10²² m^-3) ，但NPB 具有最高的零电场迁移率(1.75×10^-8 cm·V^-1·s^-1) 和电导率(1.45×10^-10 S·cm^-1)     

2种捕食线虫真菌大量原生质体的快速制备与再生技术

 比较了培养基、菌龄、溶壁酶、配制酶液的缓冲溶液和酶解条件等重要因素对2种捕食线虫真菌原生质体形成的影响.采用优化后的制备条件,用较低质量浓度的酶液(5mg/mL纤维素酶,5mg/mL蜗牛酶),在短时间内(5h)蠕虫节丛孢(Arthrobotrys vermicola)原生质体得率可达0.5×10⁷～1.0×10⁷mL^-1,球状单顶孢(Monacrosporium sphaeroides)原生质体得率为0.8×10⁷～1.5×10⁷mL^-1.原生质体的再生除了受到原生质体制备方法的影响,还与再生培养基的营养成分、渗透压稳定剂及其浓度有很大关系.另外还对原生质体的释放和再生进行了详细的观察和描述.     

不同生长调节剂提高香荚兰抗逆能力的研究

 研究了6种不同生长调节剂脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA,5μg·L^-1)、膨大剂(CPPU,5μg·L^-1)、那氏试剂(778诱导剂,5×10⁶μg·L^-1)、烯效唑(uniconazole,10μg·L^-1)、长效BR-120(0.2μg·L^-1)、几丁质(chitin,10μg·L^-1)喷施香荚兰植株对其抗逆能力的影响.结果表明:各种处理后叶片内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性提高和丙二醛(MDA)含量降低.其中,烯效唑的效果最佳,其次为BR-120,其它调节剂也有一定的作用效果此外,还对ABA处理后随取样时间不同植株抗逆能力的变化作了初探.     

北海市经济贝类基本成分和碳氮生源要素含量测定分析

广西沿海贝类资源丰富，在海洋渔业和海洋生态系统中意义重大。为获取用于开展贝类增养殖容量评估，构建食物链网、生源要素和能量流动模型，以及开展北部湾海域海洋牧场建设和碳汇渔业评估的基础数据，本研究对北海市常见的14种经济贝类进行相关数据的测定与分析。实验对从北海市市场收集的14种经济贝类的壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)或壳高(SH)、体质量(BM)、壳质量(SM)、软体部质量(MSP)进行测量，并同时对软体部的水分、粗蛋白、能量、碳和氮的含量及稳定同位素丰度等进行测定。实验结果表明，不同贝类的出肉率差别较大，贝壳较薄的大獭蛤(Lutraria maxima)和缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)等可超过70%。双壳贝类的软体部含水率均超过85%，腹足类的软体部含水率不超过81%。贝类的有机碳含量为39.77%-47.36%，氮含量为8.25%-11.80%。双壳贝类中尖紫蛤(Soletellina acuta)δ¹³C最低,华贵栉孔扇贝(Chalamys nobilys)的δ¹³C最高；双壳贝类中华贵栉孔扇贝的δ¹⁵N最低,等边浅蛤(Macridiscus aequilatera)的δ¹⁵N最高。软体部能量含量为16.11-20.81 kJ/g。双壳贝类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳长(SL,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^b×SL,腹足类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳高(SH,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^b×SH；软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与体质量(BM,g)的关系符合线性公式E=a×BM+b。不同种类的贝类的基本成分和生源要素的特征存在差异，与已有文献报道不同海区的同种贝类相关数据也存在较大差异。因此，在进行生态学相关研究时，数据的收集非常重要，借鉴相关物种的数据要非常谨慎。     

含α，β-不饱和酮的新的环金属钌配合物的合成及其对HSO3-的识别

将 4-(2-吡啶基) 苯乙酮与 3-醛基-7-N, N-二乙基氨基香豆素缩合反应, 获得了具有α,β-不饱和酮结构的C,N-配体(1) ,再将该配体与[Ru(cycme) Cl₂]₂和 2,2''-二联吡啶反应, 得到了具有 α,β-不饱和酮的环金属钌配合物(2) ,并通过¹H NMR, MS 和紫外-可见吸收光谱表征了其结构．结果表明: 该配合物的最大吸收峰位于 475 nm,其摩尔消光系数达到 5.2×10⁴ mol^-1 ·L·cm^-1 ; 在 PBS 缓 冲溶液中, 可选择性识别 HSO₃^-, 对 HSO₃^-检测限为37 μmol /L.     

Ce-MOF/CB纳米复合材料的合成及其对5-羟色胺的电化学检测

制备了一种铈-金属有机框架/炭黑（Ce-MOF/CB）纳米复合材料,将其修饰于玻碳电极（GCE）上,用于对5-羟色胺（5-HT）的电化学测定. 通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线谱仪（EDS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对Ce-MOF/CB进行了表征. 电化学实验结果表明：Ce-MOF/CB对5-HT的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化活性. 5-HT的峰电流与该物质的量浓度在6.77×10^-8~1.00×10^-5 mol·L^-1内呈线性关系,检测限（LOD）达1.0×10^-8 mol·L^-1（信噪比S/N=3）.     

3种兜兰属植物光合特性的比较研究

通过研究硬叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum micranthum)、带叶兜兰(P.hirsutissimum)和长瓣兜兰(P.dianthum)3种兜兰属植物的光合特性,为其种质资源保育及引种栽培提供理论依据。以广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区内3种兜兰属植物为试验材料,测定其叶片的光响应曲线、CO₂响应曲线以及叶绿素含量,比较3种兜兰光合特性的差异。结果表明：硬叶兜兰、带叶兜兰和长瓣兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_max)分别为2.719 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、1.836 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、2.015 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光饱和点(LSP)分别为578.74 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 、467.72 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、481.25 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光补偿点(LCP)均较低,分别为15.65 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、12.79 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、10.34 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,是典型的阴生植物。硬叶兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_max)、CO₂饱和点(CSP)、羧化效率(CE)均显著高于长瓣兜兰和带叶兜兰(P<0.05),硬叶兜兰对CO₂的利用能力更强。叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)表现为硬叶兜兰(58.13)>长瓣兜兰(55.12)>带叶兜兰(51.88)。3种兜兰属植物的光合能力较弱,对光的利用范围狭窄,在引种栽培时应注意增加荫蔽度。     

B10白铜晶界特征分布对耐腐蚀性能的影响

B10白铜（Cu-Ni合金）管材作为一种船舶常用的管道用材料,耐腐蚀性一直是困扰其被广泛应用的一大原因。以4种不同的B10白铜管材为试验样品,采用电子背散射衍射及电化学腐蚀试验研究了B10白铜晶界特征分布及其对腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：低重位点阵(coincidence site lattice,CSL) 晶界比例越高,其耐腐蚀性能越强,特别是低CSL ?3ⁿ(n=1, 2, 3)晶界的大量存在,降低了普通晶界的网络连通性,阻碍了腐蚀沿晶界的扩展,提高了B10白铜对海水的耐腐蚀性。当样品B中?3ⁿ晶界的长度为47.07%时,其腐蚀电势为 -0.289 V、腐蚀电流密度为3.341×10^-6 A/cm²、腐蚀膜阻抗为33.102 Ω/cm²、腐蚀膜厚度为17.5 μm。     

Alkalibacterium sp. SL3中α-半乳糖苷酶基因的克隆、表达和性质研究

以大布苏盐碱湖分离菌Alkalibacterium sp. SL3的DNA为模板,利用PCR扩增α-半乳糖苷酶基因(galSL3),构建重组质粒pET-22b-galSL3,转化至大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）诱导表达重组酶（rGalSL3）. 通过镍柱亲和层析分离纯化重组酶,并对纯化的重组酶进行性质研究. 研究表明,纯酶rGalSL3最适pH值为5.5,最适温度为55℃;该酶在pH值 5.0~10.0保持90%以上的剩余酶活,在50℃有非常好的热稳定性. 在0~1.5mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中该酶的酶活基本不受影响,在3.0mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中有很好的稳定性. Pb²⁺、Ca²⁺、Co²⁺、Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Triton-100和β-mercaptoethanol等对重组酶的活性有明显的促进作用. 该酶水解对硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的K_m、v_max和k_cat分别为(2.64±0.02)μmol·mL^-1、(454.55±0.59)μmol·(mg·min)^-1和(347.73±1.27)s^-1. 重组酶可水解蜜二糖和棉籽糖,不能水解瓜尔豆胶.     

中国东北地区植被NPP模拟与时空变化分析

利用北方生态过程模型(BEPS)模拟我国东北地区2003-2012年间植被生产力,以森林、 草地通量站点和区域森林样地生产力调查数据两个尺度验证了模型精度,并对其植被净初级生产力（NPP）的时空变化特征及影响因素进行了分析. 结果表明：在站点上,森林的总初级生产力（GPP）与站点观测值的决定系数（R²）为0.94,均方根误差(RMSE)为1.53g·(m²·d)^-1,草地植被的R²与RMSE分别为0.79和0.59g·(m²·d)^{-1;区域森林生产力调查数据处理结果与模拟的森林NPP的决定系数R2=0.84,RMSE=42.73g·(m2·a)-1;研究区域NPP值呈现东北部高西南部低,由东北向西南方向逐级递减的分布格局;10年来,林地NPP增长最为明显,农田增长缓慢,灌木增减不明显,而草地呈弱下降趋势. 温度和太阳辐射是影响东北NPP变化的主要因素,森林干扰是引发局部剧烈变化的重要驱动因素.}     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with