RSSI和PC-CSI加权融合的指纹定位方法

针对基于RSSI和CSI的指纹定位技术易受环境干扰、定位精度较低的问题,提出了一种基于RSSI指纹和相位修正信道状态信息(phase correct based channel state information, PC-CSI)指纹的加权融合指纹定位技术。基于PC-CSI的指纹定位在传统基于CSI幅值的指纹定位基础上增加相位信息对定位结果进行修正,之后对RSSI指纹和PC-CSI指纹的定位结果加权重定位。实验结果表明,提出的加权融合指纹定位算法与基于CSI的主动定位算法相比,平均定位误差(mean position error,MPE)降低了36.2%,能满足室内定位需求。     

一种利用信道状态信息的室内指纹定位方法

传统的室内指纹定位技术通常是利用接收信号强度指示(RSSI)来生成指纹,然而由于RSSI易受到环境变化等因素的影响,无法进一步提高定位精度。本文提出了一种利用信道状态信息(CSI)的指纹定位方法。充分利用多入多出(MIMO)和正交频分复用(OFDM)技术的频率分集和空间分集的优势,以接收天线为单位对信号进行聚合,将处理后CSI子载波的幅度和相位信息作为位置指纹。在会议室和实验室测试了影响定位精度因素,并分别与1种基于RSSI的指纹定位方法和2种基于CSI的指纹定位方法进行了对比分析。实验结果表明:本文提出的定位方法在会议室和实验室中的定位误差分别是0. 85 m和1. 28 m,定位精度优于其他3种方法。     

基于聚类的PCA和GRNN的CSI指纹定位算法

针对多径效应影响指纹定位算法中定位精度的问题,提出了一种基于聚类的主成分分析(principal compo-nent analysis,PCA)和广义回归神经网络(generalized regression neural network,GRNN)的信道状态信息(channel state information,CSI)指纹定位算法.离线训练阶段,利用中值滤波对CSI幅值进行去噪,并利用线性变换校准CSI相位,将处理后的幅值和相位作为原始联合指纹,利用改进的K-means算法将各个参考点的联合指纹集划分成多个子数据集来描述位置的多径特性,通过高维数据的PCA算法提取子数据集的特征以减少冗余信息、提高不同位置指纹的区分性,最后利用特征指纹训练GRNN模型.在线阶段,利用训练好的GRNN模型对在线测量的CSI数据进行目标对象的位置预测.实验结果表明,该算法可有效反映出位置的多径信息,且与CSI-MIMO,DeepFi和CSI-PCA相比,在定位精度方面有明显的提升.     

基于RBF神经网络的弧焊机器人轨迹跟踪控制方法

针对目前弧焊机器人的控制算法大多是基于关节空间的算法,而这种算法无法实现对机械臂末端位置的直接控制的问题,提出了基于笛卡尔空间的轨迹跟踪控制算法.首先运用RBF(radical basis function)神经网络技术对实际机械臂数学模型的建模误差和参数不确定性进行补偿,接着定义Lyapunov函数并运用HJI(Hamilton-Jacobi inequality)定理设计基于笛卡尔空间的机器人鲁棒控制器.在此基础上以二自由度机械臂为被控对象进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明,基于笛卡尔空间算法的轨迹跟踪控制算法误差小于基于关节空间的控制算法,在基于笛卡尔空间的控制算法的仿真中末端轨迹跟踪误差小于0.08 mm,神经网络能够有效地在线学习机器人的建模误差和参数不确定性.     

基于群智感知和非监督式学习的室内定位指纹库构建算法

针对指纹法定位中的指纹库构建耗费大量人力和时间的问题,提出了一种基于群智感知和非监督式学习的室内定位指纹库构建算法.首先利用群智感知的方式采集无线接入点的接收信号强度获取原始指纹数据集.然后针对原始指纹数据的冗余杂乱和指纹注释问题,提出基于学习向量量化(LVQ)和多维标度(MDS)结合的一种新颖算法FLM来解决.最终有效构建室内定位指纹库.最后基于射线跟踪模型(ray-tracing)建立仿真实验场景,仿真结果表明其指纹库建立效率得到显著提高,应用于基本定位算法的定位误差80%,在2.6,m以下,而且单次定位的计算量下降63%,.     

一种基于轨迹指纹优化的室内定位算法

针对指纹数据质量大幅下降的问题,提出了一种基于轨迹指纹建模的新型数据结构来替换原有的单点指纹,在兼容现有指纹定位框架的前提下,对传统离线指纹库进行了轨迹指纹库建模,同时也对在线采集的实时指纹进行了轨迹指纹映射。实验结果表明基于轨迹指纹优化的定位算法能够将室内指纹定位精度提高近一倍,定位性能明显优于其他单点室内指纹定位算法。     

基于无迹卡尔曼滤波的无人机跟踪算法

基于四基站对无人机位置的定位数据,利用无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对定位数据进行最优估计,并预测无人机的运行轨迹,从而实现对无人机的实时跟踪.对经典的线性卡尔曼滤波算法和无迹卡尔曼滤波算法进行仿真对比,结果表明,线性卡尔曼滤波算法虽然能跟踪预测轨迹,但有较大的误差,而使用无迹卡尔曼滤波算法能有效地减小误差,使跟踪预测的轨迹更加精确.     

基于相似指纹特征的室内定位机制研究

针对指纹定位结果中存在较大定位误差问题,分析了离线相似指纹对应采集点的分布特征,发现存在部分相似指纹对应的采集点位置距离较远的特征,这导致了较大定位误差的出现。据此提出了一种基于阈值的Dynamic-kNN的算法来实现指纹的匹配,并进一步针对相似指纹的聚类特征设计了基于K-Means的聚类优化算法,从而大大减少了定位结果中较大误差的存在。实验表明,该算法能够将最大定位误差缩小到5m以内,同时4m以上的较大定位误差所占比例也明显下降。本研究与其他算法相比,在定位性能和算法开销上具有明显优势。     

位置指纹算法关键参数的提取

针对传统的位置指纹定位算法在室内定位中存在着接收信号强度值不稳定以及不同终端设备获取AP信号强度能力不一样的问题,对传统的位置指纹定位算法进行了改进.对离线阶段采集到的RSSI值进行处理,去除了较大误差的样本,利用RSSI信号强度差值取代RSSI值作为信号特征录入Radio Map,减小了由于设备差异而产生的指纹信息误差.测试阶段,在Android和PC平台上进行验证,实验结果表明,改进的算法可以有效地去除离线阶段误差较大的样本并提高了该算法针对不同终端应用的能力.     

一种机器人系统的鲁棒轨迹跟踪方法

文章基于标称模型，在反馈力矩补偿控制的基础上，考虑在实际机器人系统存在不确定性(外部扰动及摩擦力)时，基于终值有界定理，运用连续状态反馈的方法设计出一个新的机器人轨迹跟踪控制器．数值仿真表明，在初始误差较大的情况下，该轨迹跟踪控制器能够保证跟踪误差的终值有界性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.