贝利特的机械力化学活化

将１３５０℃下合成的贝利特置于振动磨中粉磨１～７０ｈ后，研究了贝利特在粉磨过程中所发生的机械力化学变化，如粒度分布、晶体结构、晶格应变、粉体表面特性及早期水化活性等。结果表明，粉磨作用可降低贝利特粉体粒度，并使贝利特晶胞参数发生变化；同时使贝利特晶体结晶度下降，贝利特晶格应变及早期水化活性增加，大大提高了贝利特浆体强度；随着粉磨时间延长，贝利特表面伦敦色散分量及极性分量不断提高。当粉磨时间超过３０ｈ时，贝利特表面能反而降低，并使贝利特粉体粒度增大。     

硫铝酸钙水泥制备及贝利特掺硼活化

采用粘土、铝矾土、碳酸钙为主要原料制备以贝利特（C2S）、硫铝酸钙（C4A3S?）和铁铝酸钙为主导矿物的水泥熟料（BCSAF）,分析熟料矿物组成对水泥净浆抗压强度发展的影响,并通过硼（B）掺杂对贝利特矿物进行活化,研究其对于熟料烧成工艺及水化性能的作用机理。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和差热-热重分析等测试方法表征熟料组成与结构。研究结果表明：C4A3S?有助于BCSAF水泥早期强度发展,而C2S主要影响BCSAF水泥的后期强度,铁铝酸钙有助于熟料烧成中的传质过程,但含量过高时,不利于获得具有较高水化活性的C2S。掺杂B可在常温下稳定α’-C2S,活化贝利特矿物,提高BCSAF水泥熟料早期水化活性,同时降低烧成反应温度,促进反应进行,减少硅铝酸钙（C2AS）过渡相的生成,而显著提高水泥3d抗压强度。     

固溶稀土氧化物的B矿晶体性质及其水化性能

运用化学分析，XRD，SEM，DTA等测试方法，研究了稀土氧化物对B矿的晶体性质及其水化性能的影响。结果表明：稀土氧化物的掺入可细化B矿晶体，同时有利于高温型C2S晶型稳定，并可有效阻止β型C2S向γ型C2S转化，加入适量稀土氧化物可显著提高B矿水化活性及其浆体强度。     

贝利特-硫铝酸钙水泥制备及贝利特掺硼活化

采用粘土、铝矾土、碳酸钙为主要原料制备以贝利特(C2S)、硫铝酸钙(C4A3S-)和铁铝酸钙为主导矿物的水泥熟料(BCSAF),分析熟料矿物组成对水泥净浆抗压强度发展的影响,并通过硼(B)掺杂对贝利特矿物进行活化,研究其对于熟料烧成工艺及水化性能的作用机理.采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和差热-热重分析等测试方法表征熟料组成与结构.研究结果表明:C4A3S-有助于BCSAF水泥早期强度发展,而C2S主要影响BCSAF水泥的后期强度,铁铝酸钙有助于熟料烧成中的传质过程,但含量过高时,不利于获得具有较高水化活性的C2S.掺杂B可在常温下稳定α′-C2S,活化贝利特矿物,提高BCSAF水泥熟料早期水化活性,同时降低烧成反应温度,促进反应进行,减少硅铝酸钙(C2AS)过渡相的生成,而显著提高水泥3d抗压强度.     

热处理对MgO掺杂阿利特晶型与水化性能的影响

实验研究热处理过程对MgO掺杂阿利特的晶型与水化性能的影响,采用X线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征样品晶体结构变化,并测试其水化活性.结果表明:当MgO掺量为0.5％、1.0％和2.0％时,室温下样品稳定的晶型分别为T2、T3和M3型.MgO掺量为0.5％与1.0％的阿利特,热处理对样品晶型几乎没有影响,仍为T2和T3型,而热处理使样品水化活性降低,48 h累积水化放热量下降.MgO掺量为2.0％时,当样品在1100℃下热处理3h或1200℃下热处理1、3h后,晶型均发生明显转变,由单斜型转变为三斜型.由于晶型转变,阿利特产生大量的缺陷和应力,水化活性显著提高.另外,阿利特晶型的转变是一个动力学过程,与温度和时间紧密相关.     

少量异组分对贝利特性能的影响

本文采用正交试验法，探讨了ＢａＯ、ＺｎＯ、Ｐ２Ｏ５、ＴｉＯ２、Ｒ２Ｏ（Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ）等少量异组分对贝利特性能的影响及其影响的显著性大小．结果发现：ＺｎＯ对贝利特净浆强度影响最显著，ＢａＯ、Ｐ２Ｏ５的作用次之，而ＴｉＯ２、Ｒ２Ｏ在本实验条件下对贝利特净浆强度无明显影响．ＺｎＯ的掺入将显著降低贝利特净浆强度，而适量掺入ＢａＯ、Ｐ２Ｏ５则有利于提高贝利特净浆强度，但当ＢａＯ掺量过多时，将导致贝利特净浆后期强度降低．     

石膏的形态对C2S浆体强度的影响

研究了二水石膏、600℃、800℃、1000℃煅烧石膏对C2S浆体强度的影响.结果表明:石膏的掺入,能提高C2S浆体的强度,煅烧石膏比二水石膏更能提高C2S浆体的强度.证明了石膏不仅对硅酸盐水泥中C3A的水化产生影响,同时亦对硅酸盐矿物的水化有促进作用.     

固溶La_2O_3的A矿性质及其水化性能

运用化学分析、ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＤＴＡ等测试手段，研究了稀土氧化物Ｌａ２Ｏ３对Ａ矿性质及其水化性能的影响。结果表明：Ｌａ２Ｏ３的掺入细化了Ａ矿晶体，并使Ａ矿晶系由三斜向单斜转变。随着Ｌａ２Ｏ３掺量增加，Ａ矿水化速度及其浆体强度（尤其是早期强度）不断降低，凝结时间不断延长     

不同侧链密度PCE制备的C-S-H/PCE结构及其对水泥早期水化的影响

装配式建筑的发展使得在预制件生产中使用早强剂的需求越发强烈,人工合成水化硅酸钙（C-S-H）作为一种新型晶种早强剂,能够显著提高水泥基材料的早期强度,但其较差的分散性限制了其应用。文中以不同侧链密度聚羧酸减水剂（PCE）作为分散剂,通过共沉淀法合成了一系列C-S-H/PCE晶种早强剂,利用X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、纳米粒度仪（DLS）等探究其对C-S-H晶种结构的影响,并深入研究了C-S-H/PCE晶种早强剂对水泥水化行为、硬化体强度和组成结构的影响。结果表明：PCE的侧链密度越小,C-S-H晶种分散得越好,粒径越小,中位粒径可达339.5 nm,晶种颗粒数量增多,可提供更多的成核位点;掺入C-S-H/PCE能显著加速水泥水化,使水化加速期放热峰提前1.3 h,8 h放热量增加10.8%;掺入C-S-H/PCE后,水泥净浆8 h和1 d龄期硬化体的孔隙率降低,抗压强度分别提高13%和15%。     

煅烧明矾对硬石膏水化硬化性能的影响

通过对硬石膏凝结时间、水化率与水化温升测定,硬化体显微结构与强度关系的分析,研究了煅烧明矾对硬石膏水化进程及硬化体结构、强度和液相过饱和度等性能的影响,分析了煅烧明矾改善硬石膏水化活性的机理.结果表明:煅烧明矾是硬石膏的高效激发剂,能使硬石膏的凝结时间缩短,水化进程加快;使二水石膏晶体细化,硬化体强度提高;能改善硬石膏的水化溶解性能,使液相SO42-浓度和二水石膏析晶过饱和度提高,促进了二水石膏的自发均相成核和晶体生长.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.