基于帧差法与边缘信息的红外目标检测算法研究

根据红外序列图像中运动目标具有连续性和一致性,本文提出了帧差法和边缘检测相结合的检测方法。首先采用连续帧间差分法处理图像得到运动区域,然后对当前帧进行canny边缘检测得到边缘信息,两者检测结果相与得到运动目标边缘;最后进行形态学运算得到精确的目标边缘。仿真结果表明,该方法克服了帧差法和边缘检测的不足,对复杂背景下的运动目标能够进行准确检测。     

基于液面分割的安瓿内漂浮小目标检测算法

为了检测出安瓿瓶内的弱小漂浮目标,提出了一种基于液面边缘分割的检测算法。首先计算序列图像的前三阶Legendre正交矩值,选取合适的判断阈值参数来获取液面边缘;然后利用局部曲线拟合修复边缘断点得到完整的边缘;最后分割出液面区域并作序列图像的帧间差分运算,获取漂浮小目标的运动轨迹。实验结果表明:相对于传统的帧间差分法,该算法很好地去除了液面噪声,能够提取弱小漂浮目标的运动轨迹,满足在生产中对漂浮目标的提取和快速识别的要求。     

基于单目视觉的网球运动员持拍手运动轨迹检测方法

网球运动员持拍手动作变化速度较快，导致其运动轨迹检测效果较差，为此，提出基于单目视觉的网球运动员持拍手运动轨迹检测方法。利用帧差法分割运动视频图像，得到持拍手候选区域，通过分割肤色区域获取最终的持拍手图像，完成运动轨迹检测。实验表明，该方法可有效采集网球运动员运动视频图像，可精准检测持拍手运动轨迹，该方法运动轨迹检测的AUC值均较高，具备较高的检测精度。     

人机象棋对弈中棋子的快速捕捉与定位研究

针对人机象棋对弈中变动棋子的快速捕捉问题,提出了一种在动态环境下快速捕捉变动棋子的方法.首先,采用背景差分法判断出棋盘上存在运动目标,使用肤色检测和人手跟踪获取人手运动轨迹,根据运动轨迹变化判断出人手已经落子.然后,获取最新的帧图像与背景图像的差分图像,帧图像再经过肤色检测处理得到对应的运动目标图像,运动目标图像与差分图像进行差分获取最终差分图像.最后,扫描最终差分图像获得两小块白色区域坐标,在提取的帧图像中相同坐标处定位识别棋子,在人手尚未离开棋盘时完成捕捉过程.采用该方法与全棋盘扫描法进行对比实验,实验结果表明:该方法可以在各种人手操控棋子的情况下可靠地捕捉到变动棋子;相比于普通的全棋盘扫描法,棋子捕捉的效率提高了36.27%.     

鹰眼系统运动目标特征参数精确提取算法

鹰眼系统在赛场上可对球类运动轨迹进行跟踪和记录并在辅助裁判对边界球的判罚中起着重要作用,然而由于网球提取过程存在目标小、飞行速度快、光照变化、广告字符以及其他的运动物体影响的问题,网球特征参数提取精准度有待进一步提升。针对这些问题,提出了一种鹰眼系统运动目标特征参数精确提取算法,该算法利用网球色彩一致性较好的特点,根据彩色训练获取网球色调的范围,在HSV色彩空间中对网球图像进行颜色分割,减少背景图像的干扰,采用帧间差分与混合高斯模型融合算法对网球图像进一步分割获取运动目标,对分割后的二值图像使用Sobel算子提取边缘信息减少后续目标圆检测的运算量提高效率,采用Hough圆变换检测轮廓边缘信息完成网球圆心和半径参数的精确提取。实验结果表明,该特征参数提取算法拟合准确率高、相对偏差小,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

基于三帧差分及Canny算子的运动目标提取

针对目前常用的运动目标提取方法易受到噪声、光线变化的影响,很难提取出完整的运动目标这一问题,提出一种基于三帧差分和Canny边缘检测相结合的运动目标提取算法.该算法首先对连续三帧图像进行差分;然后对差分结果其进行区域填充,得到运动区域;再对当前帧进行Canny边缘检测得到边缘图像,二者相“与”得到运动目标的精确边缘图像;最后通过区域填充得到运动目标图像,从而实现运动目标的提取.实验表明,该算法可以实时有效地将运动物体从图像序列中提取出来.     

基于背景差分法和帧间差分法的车辆运动目标检测

针对背景差分法和帧间差分法在检测车辆运动目标时存在阴影的问题,提出一种结合背景差分法和帧间差分法去除阴影的车辆运动目标检测算法.首先采用均值法从图像序列建模获取背景,通过背景差分法对当前帧进行差分得到背景差分图,二值化得到二值图.然后利用改进Robert算子对二值图与背景差分图进行边缘检测.最后通过对两张边缘图像进行帧间差分,得到去除阴影的车辆运动目标.     

融合改进帧差和边缘提取算法的运动目标检测

针对帧差算法检测运动目标存在的目标边缘缺失和空洞的问题,提出一种将改进帧差和基于改进Canny算子的运动目标边缘提取方法相融合的运动目标检测算法。首先,使用帧差法快速检测变化区域,并通过面积阈值判断是否进行当前帧的检测以提高算法实时性;其次,在运动目标边缘提取中,提出一种基于改进Canny算子的运动目标边缘提取方法提取当前帧运动目标边缘,以解决检测目标边缘缺失的问题;最后,将改进的三帧差分法提取运动目标像素点填充目标边缘图像,以解决检测目标内部空洞的问题。对比实验结果表明,该融合算法对视频中的运动目标能以较高的准确度和完整度实现运动目标的高效检测。     

一种改进的三帧差分运动目标检测

针对当前常用运动目标检测方法易受到光照和噪声影响、不易提取完整运动目标,提出一种改进的三帧差分运动目标检测算法.首先取连续三帧图像,对前两帧进行滤波及边缘提取,将提取结果进行异或运算,保留前两帧之间不同的边缘信息,然后对后两帧图像进行差分二值化,并进行膨胀处理,粗略得到运动目标,最后将该结果与异或结果进行与运算即可得到较为完整的运动目标边缘图.实验表明,该算法简单易行、可实时检测、能有效提取出运动目标边缘,改善了差分法常出现的运动目标信息丢失问题.     

小波分析在视频检测中的应用

针对复杂背景下机器视觉系统中运动目标的检测,提出一种基于小波分析的运动目标检测方法。首先,利用双Haar小波软阈值法,去除视频图像的噪声。然后,建立了一种基于小波变换的运动目标检测算法,直接在二进小波变换域提取运动区域,从而检测出运动目标。实验结果表明,本文方法可以有效地从图像序列中检测出完整的运动目标,而且在平滑噪声的同时还可以保护图像边缘细节不受损失,效果要好于传统帧差法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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