复合绝缘子伞裙破损的电场分布仿真分析

输电线路复合绝缘子伞裙破损时,其表面、沿面和空间电场会发生相应变化,因此可以通过电场分布直观反映绝缘子的运行状态。以FXBW—110/120—2型复合绝缘子为研究对象,通过建立起伞裙完整状态、不同破损位置及程度状态时的有限元电场仿真模型,对比分析了前后状态的电场分布特征,可知:绝缘子串高压端的伞裙发生破损时,破损边缘的表面电场强度相比周围明显增大,沿面电场曲线在相应位置会下降,而空间轴向电场分布曲线没有明显影响;伞裙破损得越严重,对表面场强和沿面场强的影响越大。     

基于无人机巡检平台的劣化绝缘子带电检测技术

绝缘子是输电线路中起到机械支撑及电气连接的重要部件,一旦发生本体劣化,可能导致断串、绝缘失效等严重故障,对电网的稳定运行造成威胁。绝缘子串的空间电场曲线能够反映其绝缘性能,早期大多通过人工登塔操作检测仪器测量得到空间电场值,随着无人机技术的迅猛发展,搭载各类检测仪器的无人机在电力系统的应用越来越广泛。采用高集成度光学元件,设计完成小型化的空间电场传感器,分析了无人机介入对绝缘子原有空间电场的影响。搭建了包括机载端和地面端的无人机巡检平台,配套研制基于A/D转换模块和射频模块的电场信号无线传输装置,实现了无人机巡检平台电场测量信号在机载端与地面端的传输,并进行了复合绝缘子芯棒局部导通的带电检测试验。实验证明基于无人机巡检平台的电场测量系统能够检测出复合绝缘子芯棒导通缺陷。研究结果有利于推进无人机平台在绝缘子检测领域的应用。     

局域电场逆问题在劣质绝缘子诊断中的应用

鉴于电场测量法检测绝缘子需要测量点较多,检测精度低的问题,采用基于局域电场逆问题的优化算法,建立求解绝缘子电场逆问题的计算模型;通过对局域电场逆问题的求解计算绝缘子串表面的电压分布,实现局域电场逆问题在劣质绝缘子诊断中的应用,并在此基础上分析测量点水平偏移和竖直偏移对检测造成的误差.仿真结果表明,将局域电场逆问题方法应用到劣质绝缘子检测中,可以实现离线检测,减低测量工作量,改善检测精度.     

基于介电功能梯度材料的盆式绝缘子电场分布优化

为改善盆式绝缘子沿面电场分布,以径向介电常数分布为对象,提出了一种通过识别沿面最大场强位置反馈更新介电常数分布的全局优化算法,实现了介电功能梯度材料盆式绝缘子参数优化设计.通过APDL语言,实现MATLAB与ANSYS联合仿真,研究了步长大小、分层数量等参数对优化结果的影响.结果表明:随着步长减小,沿面场强分布随迭代次数的变化更加平滑,介电常数区间范围增大.分层数目越多,径向介电常数分布越平滑,高压端介电常数值越大,沿面电场分布波动越小,最大场强降低幅度越大,可达70.5%.盆式绝缘子场强集中区域从高、低电极和三结合点处往中间转移,上、下表面电场利用率均达到0.75以上.研究结果为盆式绝缘子优化设计提供了参考.     

252kV紧凑型气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路三相盆式绝缘子结构综合优化

为均匀252kV紧凑型GIL三相盆式绝缘子表面电场和应力场分布,采用智能优化算法对其开展了综合优化研究。建立了三维有限元仿真计算模型,对3种结构三相盆式绝缘子的电场和应力场分布特性进行了比较,择优分析了典型结构参数对电场和应力场分布的影响规律。在此基础上,构建Bernstein方程描述绝缘子表面轮廓,讨论了相应的约束条件和简化方法,应用粒子群算法联合调用COMSOL及MATLAB实现了三相盆式绝缘子的智能结构优化。结果表明:与原始结构相比,优化后绝缘子表面合成场强、切向场强和第一主应力最大值分别下降了13.5%、16.0%、8.5%,均能满足控制值要求;不规则复杂轮廓优化方法能够有效改善252kV紧凑型GIL电场和应力场分布。研究结果可为252kV三相盆式绝缘子的结构设计与改进提供指导和参考。     

聚乙烯绝缘中温度梯度效应对直流电场的畸变特性

针对直流电缆内外温差与直流电场共同作用下会影响绝缘材料内部空间电荷分布和电场分布的问题,利用自行研制的温度梯度下的空间电荷测量装置,通过设定不同的上、下电极温度,实现试样上、下表面的不同温差,然后采用阶梯升压方式(10、30、50、70MV/m),测量在不同温度差(ΔT为0～40℃)下聚乙烯中的电场分布,最后得出了温度差和电场分布的关系.结果表明:温度差越大,外施场强越高,试样体内低温侧场强畸变越严重;由于高场强下电极上同极性电荷的注入,加压时间的增加对畸变场强有一定的缓和作用.     

叠层式介电功能梯度绝缘子的介电常数分布优化

针对目前缺少介电功能梯度材料(d-FGM)内部介电特性分布的优化方法这一问题,提出了一种适用于交变电压下的叠层式介电常数FGM(ε-FGM)绝缘子内部介电特性的优化算法。该算法以降低绝缘子沿面最大电场强度为目标,使用迭代方法,根据当前电场强度、目标电场强度及介电常数上下限等设计参数,自适应地调整每层材料的介电常数,获得优化的介电常数分布;通过改变迭代系数和缩减系数,控制算法收敛过程,降低计算时间和资源消耗。仿真结果表明:相对于匀质绝缘子,ε-FGM绝缘子内部及沿面附近电场的不均匀程度得到明显改善,沿面最大场强的降幅超过60%;绝缘子的单层厚度应当在工艺条件满足的基础上尽可能地减小;沿面最大场强会随着介电常数上限的增加而非线性降低,存在饱和现象,饱和阈值与优化前的沿面最大场强呈正相关。研究结果验证了该算法的有效性,且表明以ε-FGM为代表的d-FGM具有优异的电场分布优化效果,有望在各类高压设备的固体绝缘系统中获得广泛的应用。     

染污绝缘子沿面电场的数值计算及实测分析

采用部分优化模拟电荷法和Ｐｏｃｋｅｌｓ场强测量仪，对染污光滑圆柱绝缘子在出现局部电弧前后以及局电弧处于不同位置时的沿面电场分布进行了数值仿真计算和实测。根据计算和实测结果，系统地分析了各种情况下的电场分布对光滑圆柱绝子污闪过程中局部决弧向前延伸的影响。     

气固绝缘系统电场模型的建立与求解方法

针对目前气固绝缘系统直流电场计算所普遍采用的恒定电流场计算方法过于简化,尤其对于电流密度存在饱和现象的气体介质计算误差较大的问题,建立了基于介质内部和分界面上电荷驰豫过程的复合绝缘系统的电场模型,通过构建自由电荷密度方程并实时计算电荷产生的泊松场分布,获得了体电荷和界面电荷密度分布的暂态变化过程;建立了基于气体自然电离和离子迁移、扩散运动的弱电离气体的电导模型,准确表征了气体电流密度与场强的非线性关系。制作了常用于GIS/L的柱式绝缘子实验模型,测量了直流电压下绝缘子表面的电位分布,并与计算结果进行了对比,结果表明:计算得到的表面电位分布的整体变化趋势以及各电位峰位置均与测量结果吻合较好;发现弱电场下绝缘子配置嵌件时表面主要积聚同号电荷,强电场下则正好相反,同时负极性电压下的阴极发射电子过程将增大空气侧电流密度。     

鸟粪染污伞裙对接触网绝缘子电场分布的影响

为研究接触网正馈线绝缘子伞裙被鸟粪染污对其沿面电场分布的影响,在COMSOL Multiphysics软件中建立了绝缘子仿真模型,分析不同鸟粪对伞裙的染污情况对绝缘子沿面电场分布产生的影响.仿真结果表明:鸟粪均匀分布在绝缘子伞裙表面对沿面电场几乎没有影响;鸟粪染污绝缘子伞裙表面形成均匀干燥带、鸟粪沿绝缘子伞裙滴落桥接伞裙对绝缘子电场分布产生畸变,在电场大幅畸变后,绝缘子发生闪络的可能性增大,造成严重后果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that