修饰聚合物液-固亲和体系萃取测定试样中的铜

用亚胺基二乙酸(IDA)修饰聚乙二醇(PEG)8000与吐温80,构建了修饰聚合物-盐-水液-固亲和萃取体系,用于萃取发样、中草药、水样中的铜.在吐温80体积分数5%,(NH4)2SO4浓度1.66 mol/L,PEG-(IDA)2质量浓度0.1%,pH 3.30的萃取条件下 ,Cu(Ⅱ)的萃取率>96.46% .连续变换法测定Cu(Ⅱ)和PEG-(IDA)2的摩尔比是2∶1,由螯合物离解度计算配合物的表观稳定常数lgK= 5.53.该体系的萃取机理是:Cu(Ⅱ)与PEG-(IDA)2形成电中性的螯合物,与非离子型表面活性剂吐温80的羟基实现氢键作用而被萃取.     

吐温80-(NH4)2SO4-H2O液-固萃取酚类物质

研究了吐温80-(NH4)2SO4-H2O液-固萃取体系对苯酚、邻硝基苯酚和邻氯酚的最佳萃取条件,结果以吐温80的浓度(体积分数)为10.5 %,盐的种类以硫酸盐最好,其浓度为1.51 mol*L-1,萃取酸度pH 5.87.对模拟水样中苯酚、邻氯酚、邻硝基苯酚进行了萃取,用HPLC检测,其回收率分别为86.8 %、 95.7 %、100.2%.总酚回收率90.2 % .可用于水中酚类污染物的萃取.     

EDTA的酰氯化

阐述了对EDTA进行酰氯化的目的,用不同的方法合成了一种新物质--乙二胺四乙酰氯(简称EDTA酰氯),并对产物进行了鉴定和表征.将合成的EDTA酰氯与聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)和吐温80(Tween80)在N,N二甲基甲酰胺存在下反应制得了修饰聚合物PEGEDTA和TweenEDTA.并将所得产物用于构建修饰聚合物盐水液固萃取体系富集分离Cu(Ⅱ),在pH=5.40,Tween80和(NH4)2SO4的浓度分别为9%(体积百分比)和20%(质量体积百分比)的条件下,两修饰物对Cu(Ⅱ)的一次萃取率分别为89.68%(PEG-EDTA)和81.54%(TweenEDTA).     

恒波长同步荧光法测定吐温80-硫酸铵液固萃取体系中绿色荧光蛋白标记的融合蛋白

培养了含六聚组氨酸绿色荧光蛋白修饰融合蛋白的工程菌,对从工程菌中收集的蛋白原液用普通荧光和恒波长同步荧光2种荧光表征方式进行了比较,探究了分离蛋白的液固萃取体系中各因素(如硫酸铵浓度、吐温80浓度、酸度)对蛋白质荧光特性的影响,确定了萃取体系中适用的恒波长同步荧光测定法.运用该法得到液相的工作曲线线性相关系数达0.999 35,固相工作曲线线性相关系数为0.997 48,原始吐温80-硫酸铵液固萃取体系分离菌中目标蛋白,一次萃取固相收得率可达41.31%,调节pH 6.2时一次萃取固相收得率可达63.24%,进一步提高选择性,加入聚乙二醇修饰物可提高至93.50%.     

H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/SiO_2催化合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮

采用H6P2W18O62/SiO2为催化剂,以对羟基苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯、尿素为原料合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮.探讨H6P2W18O62/SiO2对本反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了反应物物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度四因素对产物收率的影响.实验表明:H6P2W18O62/SiO2是合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮的良好催化剂;在n(对羟基苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.5%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,其收率可达94.4%.     

IDA修饰PEG非有机溶剂液-固萃取体系分离钪(Ⅲ)和镱(Ⅲ)

研究了 Sc和 Yb在亚氨基二乙酸修饰的聚乙二醇 (PEG- IDA)混合 Tween80 -盐水液 -固萃取体系中的分配行为 ,讨论了 PEG- IDA用量、萃取酸度、吐温用量及分相盐种类和浓度对其萃取率的影响 ,筛选出适宜的萃取分离条件 ,控制萃取酸度 ,实现了 Sc和 Yb的分离 .并用 p H电位法在 30℃的 0 .1mol· L- 1 KNO3溶液中 ,测定了PEG- IDA的离解常数以及 PEG- IDA与 Sc和 Yb形成配合物的稳定常数 ,研究了稳定常数与稀土在 PEG- IDA修饰聚合物 -盐水液 -固萃取体系中分配行为的关系 ,并对该体系富集分离稀土的机理进行了初步探讨     

稀散金属铊(Ⅰ)的溶剂萃取热力学研究

以萃取剂二—(2—乙基己基)二硫代磷酸(HR),稀释剂正辛烷,研究萃取铊(Ⅰ)的热力学.在HR+Tl2SO4 +n C8H18 +Na2SO4 +H2O体系中,在温度 278. 15 ~298. 15K和离子强度 0. 1 ~2. 0mol·kg-1范围内,以Na2SO4 为支持电解质,在H2SO4 体系中测定了萃取平衡水相中Tl+浓度和pH值.应用直线外推法在计算机上通过EXCEL计算了萃取反应的标准平衡常数K0,并得到经验公式lgK0 =62.7-7.73×103 /T-0.118×10-2T,同时计算了萃取反应的其他热力学量,指出焓和熵是该萃取过程的推动力.     

离子液体预富集-火焰原子吸收法测定头发中痕量锂

制备了5种离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐[CnMIm][PF6](其中n=4,6,8,10,12),用于头发中超痕量锂的预富集.锂(I)在萃取剂磷酸三丁酯(TBP)、协萃剂FeCl3作用下形成LiFeCI4·2TBP配合物而被萃取进入离子液体介质.有机相中加入盐酸分解锂配合物而使锂(I)进入水相,其水溶液直接用于火焰原子吸收法测定锂.最佳萃取条件:V(TBP):V(IL)=9:1;水相酸度(HCl):0.03 mol/L;相比(V(O):V(A))=7:1;n(Fe):n(Li)=2:1.在此条件下,锂的一次萃取率和反萃率达到78%和90%,富集倍数在100倍以上.机理研究表明,Li+与TBP和FeCl3形成极性较小的LiFeCI4·2TBP络合物而被萃取进入有机相,在有机相中加入盐酸因H+极化强于Li+而将Li+置换重新进入水相.预富集结合火焰原子吸收法应用于头发中超痕量锂的测定,检出限为2.5 ng/L,精密度0.05%,结果令人满意.     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体对PEG20M固相微萃取涂层萃取性能的影响

利用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体和PEG20M为涂层材料,制备了复合PEG20M固相微萃取探头,与气相色谱联用测定了水中邻氯苯酚和4-硝基甲苯,并对萃取温度、萃取时间、盐浓度、溶液p H值等萃取条件,解吸温度和解吸时间进行了优化,结果表明:当水样中氯化钠浓度为0.40 g/m L,p H=5时,于30℃萃取30 min,萃取效果最好;140℃下3 min可完成解吸.与未加离子液体的PEG20M固相微萃取涂层相比,该涂层改善了检测的检出限和重现性,但因离子液体粘度较大等,涂层制备的重现性有待进一步提高.     

7-甲基吲哚啉合成新工艺

报道了以7-甲基吲哚为原料,用Zn-AlCl3·6H2O - H2O还原体系在回流状态下制备了7-甲基吲哚啉的一种新工艺.当n(7-甲基吲哚)∶n(Zn)∶n(AlCl3*6H2O)=1∶1.5∶0.05时,产物收率达92%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that