钢纤维增强钢丝网混凝土T形梁的抗弯试验研究

钢纤维增强钢丝网混凝土(FC)是一种新型的高强复合材料.为了解FC受弯构件的抗弯性能,文中进行了12根复合材料T形梁的抗弯试验,对构件的开裂及发展情况以及正截面抗弯承载力进行了对比分析.在此基础上,给出了T形梁正截面承载力的计算公式,并对影响FC受弯构件抗弯承载力的因素进行了分析.试验结果表明,钢纤维与钢丝网的复合能起到显著的增强效果,有效地提高钢筋混凝土受弯构件的抗裂性能和抗弯承载力.     

FRP增强胶合木拱的蠕变性能

通过胶合木拱蠕变试验研究长期荷载作用下胶合木拱的蠕变性能。开展有无纤维增强材料(FRP)增强的6根胶合木拱的蠕变性能试验。结果表明:加载应力对蠕变有重要影响,加载应力水平从30%提高到50%后,花旗松胶合木拱初始位移增加了46.92%;蠕变位移增加了29.64%;采用FRP增强可有效抑制蠕变变形,花旗松及速生杨木胶合木拱采用双层FRP增强后,初始位移均降低近80%,而蠕变位移分别降低了68.26%和45.84%。     

FRP增强胶合木梁的粘结剪应力分析

基于线弹性理论推导出了几种常见荷载作用下构件的界面粘结剪应力的计算公式,并与有限元方法进行了对比,结果表明两种方法计算结果吻合较好．研究发现最大粘结剪应力的主要影响因素有：FLIP与胶合木间的弹性模量比值、FRP的配筋率、受拉面层单板的相对高度以及粘结界面的胶层厚度等,因此在设计此类结构构件时应适当选取这些参数．计算理论具有较好的精度,可用于FRP增强胶合木梁的设计计算与粘结剪应力分析。     

体外预应力胶合木梁抗弯性能试验研究

为研究体外预应力胶合木梁在静载作用下的受弯性能,开展了21根胶合木梁的试验,其中包括未增强、非预应力增强和体外预应力胶合木梁;通过改变张拉控制应力的大小、转向装置撑杆高度、胶合木梁截面形式,研究木梁破坏形态与破坏机制,对比分析了不同构件的极限承载力与抗弯刚度等结构性能。结果表明:增强或预应力构件的破坏形式主要表现为受压区屈服破坏;相比未增强胶合木梁,非预应力增强胶合木梁的受弯极限承载能力和刚度分别提高了26.5%和17.6%,而预应力增强胶合木梁则分别提高了28.8%~81.8%和44.9%;此外,通过改变撑杆高度及优化木梁截面,也可显著提高木梁的结构性能。     

FRP筋纤维混凝土受弯构件试验研究

现有采用FRP的受弯构件中, FRP作为主要纵向受拉材料,用量通常较大。这造成FRP筋混凝土构件成本较高,同时还因构件刚度不够导致其变形而非承载力成为设计的控制因素。为了充分发挥FRP材料良好的抗拉性能,建立了FRP筋纤维混凝土受弯构件。通过结构试验的方法研究纤维混凝土对FRP筋混凝土受弯构件延性及变形能力的影响。试验结果表明,纤维的增加能够有效提高FRP筋受弯构件的变形能力,解决了过去FRP筋受弯构件延性差导致配筋率过高的问题。基于FRP筋与钢筋材料上的差异,针对FRP筋混凝土构件建立了相应的延性设计指标。采用该指标对纤维混凝土构件进行分析后发现,随着纤维含量的增加, FRP筋混凝土受弯构件的延性有着明显提高。     

先张后粘FRP的钢筋混凝土构件抗弯能力分析

针对钢筋混凝土结构外贴FRP进行加固时，FRP材料利用率较低的情况，采用对FRP先张拉再粘贴的办法，以提高构件使用阶段的性能、极限承载力和FRP强度利用率。在试验研究基础上，研究先张后粘FRP加固钢筋混凝土受弯构件的各种破坏类型、加固构件有效预应力、消压弯矩和开裂弯矩的计算方法；分析预应力FRP-RC复合截面多种可能的受弯极限应变组合状态，由界限破坏得出界限配纤率和界限弯矩；根据混凝土最大压应变得出FRP拉断相应的不同极限承我力表达式和混凝土压碎破坏时的极限承载力公式。研究结果表明，试验梁极限荷载计算值与实测值较吻合；所得出的抗弯分析方法和计算公式可供内嵌预应力FRP加固设计参考。     

自攻螺钉增强胶合木横纹承压性能试验

为研究自攻螺钉增强胶合木的局部表面横纹承压承载力,通过对22组共计110个胶合木试件的局部表面横纹承压承载力试验,系统研究承压位置、自攻螺钉长度、数量和布置形式等的影响,深入研究增强构件的破坏模式、承载力、变形性能和延性等。结果表明:自攻螺钉可以显著增强胶合木横纹承压性能,螺钉长度、数量和布置均为增强试件破坏模式和承载力的主要影响因素。当增强螺钉沿胶合木横纹承压方向通长设置时,由于其与横纹木材共同作用,因此增强效果更加明显,最终是自攻螺钉和横纹胶合木都会受压屈服。增强试件的横纹承压极限承载力和等效弹性模量最大可分别提高62.5%和46.8%,试件的位移延性系数可达1.66～2.95。     

钢梁外包FRP混凝土抗弯承载力计算

目的研究一种简化处理的不同破坏形态下构件极限抗弯承载力的计算方法,以方便工程实际的应用.方法采用实用叠加方法对SRHC梁贴FRP的受力过程和破坏特征进行研究.根据中和轴到钢骨的截面距离不同,将受压区高度与钢骨上翼缘至混凝土受压边缘的距离进行比较,以此来确定FRP加固后梁在破坏时的不同抗弯承载力的适用公式.基于纤维模型法,对受弯钢梁外包混凝土贴FRP布构件进行非线性全过程分析.结果提出了受弯钢梁外包混凝土贴FRP布构件承载力计算公式.通过实例表明,FRP的加固层数是构件受力性能重要的影响参数,在相同的变形条件下,FRP层厚度增加,组合构件的承载能力也有所提高,最佳加固率在3层以内.构件的承载能力随着混凝土强度的提高而提高.结论笔者给出的计算公式克服了简单叠加法和一般叠加法在计算上的缺陷,计算简便,可用于工程实际和结构设计中.     

FRP筋和钢筋混合配筋增强混凝土梁受弯性能

根据FRP筋和钢筋的本构模型,提出了FRP筋和钢筋混合配筋增强混凝土梁2种名义配筋率和3种破坏模式的概念,并给出了3种破坏模式的判别条件.利用正截面受弯承载力计算基本假定和截面受力平衡条件,推导了FRP筋和钢筋混合配筋增强混凝土适筋梁正截面受弯承载力建议计算公式.设计制作了5根不同FRP筋和钢筋配筋面积比的混合配筋混凝土梁进行静力抗弯试验,并结合相关试验数据分析表明,适筋梁正截面受弯承载力建议公式计算值与试验实测值吻合较好,可供工程设计参考;建议在对承载能力要求较高而挠度控制较低的情况下使用混合配筋混凝土梁以充分利用材料的强度;合理控制混合配筋梁的配筋率及FRP筋和钢筋的配筋面积比,其延性性能满足设计要求.     

层板销合木的界面滑移与木梁受弯性能

层板销合木（简称销合木）是一种由规格材通过销组合而成的新型结构用木材,与胶合木相比具有加工快捷、成本低且更加绿色环保等优点。为研究销合木梁的弯曲性能,设计了8组木梁的四点弯试验,试验参数包括销的种类（木销和竹销）、销间距（70、100和140 mm）和层板的数量（3、4和6层）。此外,为揭示层积材界面销连接抗剪性能对销合木梁受弯性能的贡献,开展了木销和竹销连接销合木推出试验研究。研究结果表明：与木销连接相比,竹销连接的抗滑移刚度更高且延性更好;销合木梁的受弯性能介于无销接叠合木梁和胶合木梁之间,其组合效率为0.11~0.15;随层板数量的增加,梁截面的增高使销合木梁的抗弯性能显著上升;减小销间距对销合木梁的抗弯承载力与刚度均有一定的提升作用。采用欧洲规范5中的γ法预测销合木梁的抗弯刚度时结果偏大,因此认为对销合木梁的抗弯刚度进行计算时须对销连接的滑移刚度进行折减。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that