激情燃烧的岁月——法国革命与名画鉴赏

法国新古典主义画派的路易.达维德,他从古希腊罗马的历史中,寻找共和主义英雄的题材,来为法国资产阶级革命服务。在拿破仑统治期间,他积极为拿破仑服务,虽然创作了《拿破仑一世的加冕》、《拿破仑越过阿尔卑斯山》等优秀作品,但思想上却失去了革命精神,开始转变为保守的古典主义。新古典主义画派和现实结合得十分紧密,用艺术的手法反映了历史和画家的思想。     

拜伦笔下的拿破仑形象

在前期作品中,拜伦以民族自由和独立为尺度,以圣人华盛顿为参照系,用世界的暴君、高卢之秃鹰等鄙视性语言描绘拿破仑形象。在中后期作品中,拜伦从整体出发,以后拿破仑时代为参照系,将拿破仑看成一个伟大而不是最坏的人,从而描绘出一个让人爱与恨、崇拜与鄙视、期待和失望、惋惜和诅咒并存的拿破仑形象。通过拿破仑形象的塑造,拜伦传达了他的英雄观和政治理想。     

《一代枭雄》节选——莫斯科城下

“他(拿破仑),在提尔西特,带着胜利的条约,也带着和平与耻辱,站在年轻的沙皇面前……”上引普希金诗中所说的“年轻的沙皇”,即杀害生父篡位登基的亚历山大一世。他是英国历史小说《一代枭雄》的主人公之一。1807年,亚历山大在弗里德兰惨败于拿破仑之手,蒙受了奇耻大辱,在国内又面临着宫廷政变的阴谋。小说《一代袅雄》正是从这一风云变幻的历史时期起展开故事情节的。小说以拿破仑侵俄战争为中心,着力反映了拿破仑帝国从极盛走向灭亡的过程和神圣同盟的成立,比较准确而真实地描述了当时的一系列外交斗争和宫廷内幕,揭露了俄国沙皇称霸的野心。本刊节选了书中拿破仑亲征莫斯科的部分章节,分期连载,以飨读者。《一代枭雄》全书即将由世界知识出版社出版。——编者     

淹没在黑暗社会里的“祥子”——再论“祥子”悲剧的必然性

祥子在自食其力的劳动中充满自信与好强，在畸形结合的家庭生活中苦苦挣扎而终归失败，在绝望中扭曲了灵魂而堕落成走兽。祥子经历了人生中的一次次失败，他被他所生活的社会所淹没、所吞噬，这必然导致他走向没落。     

拿破仑·希尔的“成功法则”对英语教学的启示

如何保证大学教育的成功?大学教育对老师和学生的要求是什么?如何塑造生机盎然的英语课堂,如何保持学生上英语课的热情?这一直是近年来教学改革关注的重心之一。本文试图从拿破仑·希尔的《成功法则》中寻找其对大学教育以及英语课堂教学的启示。     

穆旦诗歌的公共性与个人性

在穆旦的诗歌中,“我”的言说、理性的思辨色彩以及独特的受难意识等使他的诗歌充满复杂性和智性,他用各种强烈的个人经验（个人性）来表达一种普世的价值观（公共性）,并且能够保持其经验的独特性,使他的诗歌走出自我宣泄的个人性而走向具有普遍真理的公共性,上升到对生命的追问,对人生的终极关怀的高度,创建了属于穆旦的独特的诗歌体系。     

核技术拨开旷古迷雾

1896年法国科学家贝克勒尔发现了铀的天然放射性,从而导致了核物理学和核分析技术(简称核技术)的出现和发展。100年过去了,经过科学工作者的不断努力,核技术已在许多科学领域中引起深刻的革命,发展速度之快、应用范围之广、增值效益之高、产生的影响之大,都是人类始料不及的。核技术在考古学中也不例外,它在访古探幽,揭开历史悬案、解决历史疑案方面也发挥着不可替代的作用。拿破仑是怎么死的?拿破仑是法国资产阶级政治家和军事家,他一生南征北战,所向披靡,几乎统治了整个西欧和中欧。滑铁卢战役失败后,拿破仑被流放于圣赫勒拿岛,1821年死去。拿破仑是怎么死的?有人说他死于疾病(胃癌),有人说他是受惊吓而死,有人说他是被人害死的,众说纷坛,长期争论不休,成为历史疑案。本世纪60年代初,一名瑞士人将他祖传下来的"拿破仑头发"交到有关部门,据他说该头发是拿破仑死后第二天随从为他     

拿破仑趣闻

拿破仑三问 一个瑞典人非常钦佩拿破仑,后来他终于成为拿破仑的一名士兵。 一次,拿破仑检阅队伍时,战友们提醒瑞典人,那伟大的人也许会问你几个问题。这个瑞典人十分焦急。他听不懂拿破仑所提的问题呀!一个年纪大的士兵说:“拿破仑总是按同样的顺序问三个同样的     

试论拿破仑的用人政策

拿破仑的用人政策,与他同时代的伟大文学家歌德曾有一番精彩的评论:“只有本身具有伟大才能的君主,才能识别和重视他的臣民中具有伟大才能的人。‘替才能开路’,这是拿破仑的名言。拿破仑自己确实别具识人的慧眼,他所选用的人都是用得其才,所以在他毕生全部伟大事业中都得到妥当的人替他服役,这是其他君主难以办到的”。 我认为,在拿破仑的坎坷的一生中,用人政策与他事业的成败有一定的关系。本文试就此发表一些看法。     

徒步非洲(之三)

2001年1月1日,法国青年亚历山大·普森和妻子索尼娅告别好望角一路向北,沿着东非大裂谷牵手而行。三年零三个月之后,他们穿过津巴布韦,越过坦桑尼亚,肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚;从苏丹首都喀土穆开始,沿着尼罗河蜿蜒前进,终于到达埃及的亚历山大港,完成了最后一段浪漫旅程。亚历山大·普森和索尼娅一起讲述了从喀土穆到亚历山大的难忘经历。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has