RDX颗粒形态对RDX基熔铸炸药性能的影响

为了提高弹药的爆轰性能,该文提出通过改变单质炸药的颗粒形态来提高炸药的装药性能。给出了重结晶法制备球形化RDX颗粒的实验原理和流程,测试了球形化RDX的晶体形状、热性能和热感度,以及以球形化RDX为基的熔铸炸药药柱密度。结果表明,与普通RDX颗粒相比,球形化RDX颗粒表面光滑,内部缺陷显著减少,熔化峰温提高1.57℃,分解峰温提高3.66℃;5 s爆发点提高1℃,安全性能有所提高;球形化RDX60/TNT40和RDX75/TNT25熔铸炸药的装药密度明显高于普通RDX60/TNT40和RDX75/TNT25熔铸炸药。     

气溶胶灭火剂的灭火机理及影响因素

研究了灭火气溶胶发生剂灭火的物理抑制和化学抑制机理，探讨了物理因素和化学因素对气溶胶发生剂灭火性能的影响，实验表明，发生剂的氧平衡值为-30，粒度为300～400目，药柱高径比为黄金分割比，药柱密度在1．3～1．6g／cm^3，水分质量分数控制在0．4％～0．6％时，可获得较佳的灭火性能。     

铝含量对TNT/Al炸药爆轰反应区结构的影响

爆轰反应区结构是决定炸药爆轰性能的重要因素之一。为了研究铝含量对TNT/Al炸药爆轰反应区结构的影响,该文针对5种不同铝含量(0%、5%、10%、15%、20%)且铝粉中位粒径为2.38μm的TNT/Al炸药,分别进行了电导率试验和爆速试验。初步确定了TNT/Al炸药的爆轰反应区结构,并分析了铝含量对爆轰反应区结构特征参数(爆速、爆压、爆轰反应区持续时间、爆轰反应区宽度)的影响规律。分析结果表明：铝含量越高,TNT/Al炸药的爆轰速度和爆轰压力越低,导致爆轰反应对未反应爆区的推进速度越低,爆轰反应区总压力越低。爆轰持续时间和爆轰反应区宽度随铝含量的增加而增加,其值分别为0.070～0.119μs和0.359～0.579 mm。该文的研究结果对于深入了解含铝炸药爆轰反应机理具有重要的意义。     

纳米α-Al2O3的制备及其对HMX热感度的影响

采用模板介入法制备了纳米级α-Al2O3,对制得的样品的尺寸、形貌和晶型等使用纳米粒度仪、透射电镜（TEM）以及X射线衍射仪（XRD）进行分析测试，将纳米仅α-Al2O3按2．0wt％加入奥克托今（HMX）中，对混合物进行慢烤实验．结果表明样品为粒度分布均匀、分散性很好的仅α-Al2O3，在密度为1．62g／cm^3，升温速率为3℃／Min条件下，添加纳米仅α-Al2O3，的HMX的自加速拐点温度提前10℃，混合炸药的热感度提高，纳米仅α-Al2O3，对HMX具有催化作用．     

梯恩梯密度对冲击波感度的影响

采用大隔板法、电测法、压阻法及高速摄影技术,对几种不同密度的压装和注装梯恩梯药柱,做了一系列的实验,得到了不同装药方法下各种密度的50％爆轰时隔板厚度、起爆压力和起爆深度。实验结果表明,炸药成型方法和密度对冲击波感度有明显的影响。     

影响燃煤还原气体生成特性的因素

利用傅里叶红外气体分析设备,在自制的固定床反应器上对能够显著影响再燃煤还原气体生成特性的因素进行了实验研究.结果表明,神木煤在N2和CO2气氛下受热生成的还原气体主要有CO、CH4和HCN4·CO2气氛有利于原料煤中的C更多地转化为CO,CH4在N2和CO2气氛下的生成特性及产率相近.O2对神木煤的CO、CH4及HCN的生成特性影响很大,氧的存在降低了CO开始形成的温度及产率,也降低了CH4的生成温度和产率.O2使得HCN开始生成的温度大幅度降低,当w(O2)为6%时HCN的产率明显增加,同时O2的存在还增加了NO的产率.无论是在N2气氛还是在CO2气氛下,快速升温时CH4的产率均高于程序升温时的值,但CO的产率均小于程序升温时的值.升温速率对HCN的影响与煤种有关,除TC煤外,快速升温时HCN的产率均比程序升温时低.     

用B-W规则和BKW程序计算乳化炸药爆轰产物的比较

用B—W规则和BKW程序分别对含C、H、N、O、Na类元素的乳化炸药的爆轰产物进行了计算，并用统计手段对两种方法计算出来的爆热做了比较，得出结论：用B—W规则确定的爆轰产物计算出来的爆热比用BKW程序计算出来的爆热低，两差的置信水平为95％的置信区间为(4．47％，5．40％)，因而，可以用经验方法替代理论方法确定乳化炸药的爆炸反应方程式。     

粘结剂炭的结构与抗氧化性

研究了中间相沥青和酚醛树脂粘结剂及其热解炭的抗氧化性，通过X－ray衍射，扫描电镜，粘结剂残炭率及炭真密度测定，综合评价中间相沥青用作镁炭砖粘结剂的可行性，结果表明，中间相沥青的抗氧化明显优于酚醛树脂，中间相沥青炭结构致密，有取向性，呈石墨化炭结构，而酚醛树脂质炭结构疏松，无取向性，呈难石墨化炭结构，中间相沥青残炭率为65．53％，炭真密度为1．91g/cm^3，酚醛树脂残炭率为49．40％，炭真密度为1．73g/cm^3，可以看出，粘结剂炭的抗氧化性取决于它的显微结构。     

真空CZ法生长硅单晶碳沾污机理的研究

在真空下用CZ法生长硅单晶时,经热力学分折和实验研究证明,硅单晶中碳的主要来源除石墨托与石英坩埚间的反应生成CO外,气氛中氧化组元(O_2,SiO等)亦与石墨器件反应生成CO。碳以CO形式进入融硅,使硅单晶中碳含量增加。本研究采用了对石墨器件表面涂SiC、Mo、ZrO_2和热解石墨等方法,并用石英保温筒代替石墨保温筒。在真空度为1～3×10~(-2)托下,投料300g,用CZ法生长硅单晶,其晶体尾部的碳量平均值,比原工艺晶体中碳的平均含量降低了45％。     

发泡条件与09－Ⅱ浆状炸药爆轰感度的关系研究

０９－Ⅱ浆状炸药是一种利用废火药作敏化剂和含能添加剂的浆状炸药，这类炸药爆轰感度较低。该文以实验为基础，研究了发泡条件与０９－Ⅱ浆状炸药中敏化气泡数、爆轰感度之间的关系，这些条件包括发泡剂含量、发泡剂及交联剂的加入次序和发泡温度。文中提出了有利于提高这种浆状炸药爆轰感度的发泡条件是，（１）发泡剂含量为外加０．２％～０．３％；（２）泡剂与交联剂同时加入到炸药体系中；（３）发泡温度在４５℃左右。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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