Sterols of the lobster (Homarus americanus) and the shrimp (Pandalus borealis)

Summary In this study we have analyzed the sterol compositions of two continental shelf species of crustacea, the lobster (Homarus americanus) and the shrimp (Pandalus borealis). Cholesterol was found to be the most abundant sterol in these two species with smaller amounts of desmosterol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-ethylcholesterol, 24-methylenecholesterol and 22-dehydrocholesterol. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Contribution Number 3494. This work was supported by the Office of Sea Grant of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. Special thanks are extended to Ms.R. Beebe-Center, who was responsible for a large part of the isolation work described here.     

Sterols of the lobster (Homarus americanus) and the shrimp (Pandalus borealis).

In this study we have analyzed the sterol compositions of two continental shelf species of crustacea, the lobster (Homarus americanus) and the shrimp (Pandalus borealis). Cholesterol was found to be the most abundant sterol in these two species with smaller amounts of desmosterol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-ethylcholesterol, 24-methylenecholesterol and 22-dehydrocholesterol.     

Karyotypes of the panamint kangaroo rat (Dipodomys panamintinus (Merriam))

Résumé Le rat KangourouDipodomys panamintinus a 4 sous-espèces. Le représentatif karyotype de 4 des sousespèces a 17 métacentriques et 14 chromosomes acrocentriques.Dipodomys panamintinus caudatus, géographiquement isolé des autres, a 16 métacentriques et 15 chromosomes acrocentriques. Le nombre fondamental est 96 pour les espèces.

---

---

We wish to acknowledge the kind assistance of the following people in preparation of this paper: Mr.Dave Dunaway, Resident Naturalist, U.S. Forest Service; Mrs.Tilly Chamness, Coordinator, Natural Resource Management, Naval Weapon Center, China Lake.     

Lipids in the egg shell of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) (author's transl)]

The egg shell (with cuticle) of the ostrich contained a total lipid concentration of 0.19 mg/g egg shell; the phospholipids constituted the major portion, among the neutral' lipids cholesterol esters, cholesterol and free fatty acids were identified. The egg shell lipids showed a stimulating effect on the crystal growth of calcium carbonate; the highest rate of crystal growth was observed with the phospholipid fraction.     

Linalool from the cotton stainerDysdercus superstitiosus (F.) (heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

Summary The isoprenoid linalool, together with several straight carbon-chain aliphatic materials, has been found in the scent glands of the cotton stainerDysdercus superstitiosus (F.)We thank the British Inter Universities Council and Bayero University Research and Higher Degrees Committee for their financial support, Dr B.W. Staddon for his valuable assistance, Dr D.E. Games for arranging mass spectral facilities.     

Distribution of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and somatostatin in the skin of the green frog (Rana esculenta)]

High concentrations of Thyrotrophin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) have been found in the dorsal skin of the Frog Rana esculenta, lower levels being measured in the ventral skin. alpha-MSH and somatostatin were undetectable in these tissues. Nor was TRH detected in the blood of these animals. The concentration of somatostatin in the pancreas was similar to that of the hypothalamus and twice or one hundred times higher than in the intestine or stomach respectively.     

Experiments on the sense of time inTalitras saltator (Montagu) (crustacea-amphipoda)

Riassunto Il Crostaceo AnfipodeTalitrus saltator (Montagu) possiede un meccanismo di orientamento solare che gli permette, mediante una variazione regolare e continua dell'angolo di orientamento nel corso del giorno, di mantenere una direzione di fuga praticamente costante. Esemplari del litorale tirrenico, trasportati in Argentina, hanno assunto un angolo di orientamento col sole conforme all'ora italiana nel momento della esperienza. Ciò dimostra che la regolazione dell'angolo di orientamento è dovuta ad un fattore endogeno e cioè che esiste inTalitrus un senso del tempo.     

Attraction ofScolytus scolytus (F.) to the components of Multilure,the aggregation pheromone ofS. multistriatus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Summary The attraction ofS. scolytus to the components of Multilure is described. 4-Methyl-3-heptanol is an attractant which is synergised bya-cubebene. Multistriatin appears to be an inhibitor. A combination of 4-methyl-3-heptanol and cubeb oil is more effective as a bait forS. scolytus than Multilure.We thank Mr A. K. Hughes and Mr J. Boswell for their cooperation in allowing us to conduct experiments on Parham Estate; Mr D. Mobbs and Mr C. Thorne for the statistical analyses; Dr J. W. Peacock for samples of mixed isomers of multistriatin and distilled cubeb oil; Mrs J. Allsop and Mr N. J. Fielding for technical assistance. We are grateful to Mr D. Bevan, Dr J. H. Borden, Dr J. F. Grove and Prof. A. W. Johnson for their interest and encouragement.     

Effect of hypercapnia on the acid base states of the blood in the crab Carcinus maenas (L.) (Crustacea-Decapoda)]

When the crab Carcinus maenas respires in hypercapnic water, a respiratory acidosis occurs, which is progressively compensated by a rise of the blood bicarbonate concentration. The CO2 partial pressure in the blood increases in proportion to the change in ambient CO2 partial pressure. Therefore, the regulation of the acid-base status depends mainly on non-respiratory adjustments of the blood bicarbonate concentrations.     

Activation with (±)N-n-propyl-nor-apomorphine (NPA) of the male rat copulatory behavior

Summary I.p. (±)N-n-propyl-nor-apomorphine HCl (NPA) influences copulatory behavior of vigorous adult male rats in the same ways as apomorphine, i.e., it reduces the latency to ejaculation as well as mount and intromission frequency. Furthermore, NPA administered to impotent male rats restores normal mating behavior in some of them.     

The histology of the retina ofPomatoschistus (Gobius)microps (Krøyer)

Zusammenfassung Der histologische Bau der Netzhaut vonPomatoschistus microps, insbesondere der Sehzellen in Hell- und Dunkelstellung, wurde untersucht. Die Zapfen sind gestaffelt und bilden ein regelmässiges Mosaik: Reihen von Zwillingszapfen alternieren mit Reihen von Einzelzapfen. Die Aussenglieder der Zwillingszapfen unterscheiden sich färberisch voneinander und sind ihrerseits regelmässig in das Mosaik eingeordnet.