明胶保护溶液还原法制备超细镍粉

以明胶为高分子保护剂，水合肼为还原剂，在水溶液中制备了粒径为０．１～０．５μｍ、分散良好的类球形超细镍粉。研究了明胶保护条件下水合肼用量、碳酸钠浓度、反应时间、明胶浓度、硝酸银加入量对镍粉的产率、形态及反应诱导期的影响。Ｘ射线衍射及Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析表明，所合成的超细镍粉为单一晶相，纯度超过９８％。热重分析显示超细镍粉在空气中的氧化起始温度为３００°Ｃ，终止温度为６００°Ｃ。     

对天然鳞片石墨及椰壳活性炭进行液相氧化的初步研究

以天然鳞片石墨和椰壳活性炭为原料，在Hummers法基础上制备了氧化石墨和氧化活性炭，研究了液相天然鳞片石墨和椰壳活性炭氧化前后的结构与性能的变化．结果表明：液相氧化过程中存在表面氧化和层间氧化两种氧化反应机制，石墨质材料既有表面氧化也有层间氧化，而炭质材料则以表面氧化为主．表面氧化的结果使氧化石墨和氧化活性炭中均含有大量极性基团，这些基团的存在使它们表现出较强的极性和一定的化学活性．层间氧化使氧化石墨的层间距由原石墨的0．3354nm增加到0．8981nm，石墨片层之间的基团及H2O分子的存在是层间距增大的主要原因．在稀的碱性溶液中，氧化石墨层离后为针状或扁球状纳米颗粒，颗粒之间存在一定的团聚，而氧化活性炭为球状纳米颗粒，团聚后呈直链状．     

超细镍粉的制备

利用氯化镍为前驱体，水合肼为还原剂，氢氧化钠调节溶液的PH值制备镍粉，研究了PH值对粉末纯度的影响，以及镍离子浓度对颗粒度的影响，应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对镍粉进行了形貌和结构的表征。     

纳米级锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO2的制备及表征

LiCoO2是锂离子电池中最有前途的正极材料之一，近年来人们对它进行了广泛的研究．这里我们通过两种不同的湿化学方法首次合成了纳米级的LiCoO2：溶胶—凝胶法(方法B)和一种改进了的溶胶—凝胶法(方法C)。为了便于比较，我们也采用了固相反应法(方法A)。用DTA，IR，XRD，TEM等技术对前驱体和LiCoO2纳米颗粒进行了表征．结果表明在600℃煅烧时可以得到晶化程度较好的LiCoO2纳米颗粒，方法A和方法B得到了直径大约为100和40nm的球状颗粒，而方法C主要得到球形颗粒，同时伴有少量小棒形颗粒生成，直径约为50nm。电化学测试表明方法C得到的产物具有最好的性能。     

稀土Fe-B超细非晶合金的表征

采用化学还原法制备了添加稀土元素Nd的超细Fe-B非晶合金,研究了离子浓度对产物组成的影响和反应过程中溶液pH值的变化,分析了反应过程中pH值的变化规律对金属离子还原机理的影响.采用电感偶合等离子光谱(ICP) 、光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射 (XRD)和电子透射显微境(TEM)等手段对产物的组成、表面原子的价态、晶相和形貌及颗粒大小进行了表征.结果表明,调节离子浓度可以得到组成不同的非晶合金,溶液中Fe2+和Nd3+ 相对独立反应,分别生成Fe-B物相与Nd(BO2)3和Nd(OH)3的混合物相,表明Nd3+的存在没有直接对BH-4还原Fe2+的过程产生影响.非晶Fe-B物相呈链球状,粒径约为250nm,非晶Nd(BO2)3和Nd(OH)3的混合体颗粒粒径＜100*!nm,呈网络絮状分布.样品表面Fe和Nd原子分别呈+2价和+3价,B以B0和B+3混合价态的形式存在.     

超细金属镍粉制备技术研究

针对金属超细化的困难及超细化金属粉，特别是超细镍粉在各个领域的迫切需求，介绍r用废镍网边角料制备成超细高纯金属镍粉的技术及工艺．对采用本技术制备超细金属镍粉的工艺流程进行了较详细的介绍，并确定了最优化的工艺参数，分析了参数选择的基本原理．结果表明，通过选择合适的工艺参数可以较好地将废镍网边角料制成超细高纯金属镍粉，使其变废为宝．     

反相高效液相色谱法测定消毒剂中三氯羟基二苯醚

本用HPLC法对消毒剂中三氯羟基二苯醚含量进行测定，样品经80％甲醇水溶液稀释，用ODS C18柱进行分离，以甲醇：水(80：20)为流动相，紫外280nm检测，回收率在98％～102％，相对标准偏差(CV)为0．47％，最低检出浓度为7．0mg／kg，线性范围为5～200μg/mL，相关系数为0．999。     

用油包水型微乳液法制备超细硫酸钡颗粒

纳米颗粒的制备是一个重要的纳米技术。利用油包水型微乳液法成功制备了硫酸钡纳米颗粒。研究了表面活性剂种类、表面活性剂用量、反应物浓度对超细颗粒大小的影响。实验结果表明:微乳液法制备的纳米颗粒直径大约都在10～90nm之间,且分布窄,单分散性好。实验发现:使用TritonX-100(聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚)做表面活性剂比Tween80(聚环氧乙烷失水山梨醇单油酸酯)和Span80(失水山梨醇单油酸酯)合适;而且随着表面活性剂用量增加,超细硫酸钡直径变小,但随着反应物浓度的上升颗粒直径增大。最适工艺条件为:55mL环己烷/30mLTritonX-100/15mL正己醇/10mL0.1mol/L氯化钡溶液。     

微好氧条件下好氧颗粒污泥的培养

在微好氧条件下(曝气槽中溶解氧量在0．2～0．7mg／L之间)对好氧颗粒污泥的培养进行了研究．以厌氧颗粒污泥为接种污泥，考察了培养过程中厌氧污泥外观、尺寸、反应器中絮状污泥的MLSS(混合固体悬浮物)、SV(污泥体积)、SVI(污泥体积指数)和VSS(挥发性固体悬浮物)，以及颗粒化污泥体积的变化．发现培养5d后，厌氧颗粒污泥完全解体，培养10d后出现新的颗粒污泥，培养40d后污泥完全颗粒化．培养成熟的颗粒污泥呈浅褐色，粒径主要集中于500～3000μm之间，SVI达18．147mL／g，比重达1．020g／cm^3，含水率(质量分数)达95．7％，有机组分的质量分数达74．1％，沉降速率达52m／h，各项指标均优于普通活性污泥和常规曝气条件下培养的好氧颗粒污泥．     

氧氟沙星荧光光度法测定痕量铁

研究了在HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中氧氟沙星与Fe(Ⅲ)的络合反应，结果表明：在pH=4．0的缓冲溶液中，氧氟沙星有稳定而较强的荧光；与Fe(Ⅲ)络合后，荧光强度减弱．最大激发及发射波长为324nm和498．6nm，Fe(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0．56～3．08mg／L范围内，荧光强度与浓度呈良好的线性关系．检出限为0，076mg／L，常见的共存离子不干扰其测定．本方法用于水中痕量铁的测定，得到了满意的结果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that