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不确定需求下的再制造产品联合定价决策 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以单一制造商为研究对象,在需求不确定环境下,基于替代性两产品报童模型,对新产品及再制造产品的联合定价决策进行了研究.首先构建了基于利润最大化的两产品定价模型, 在证明目标函数凹性的基础上,给出求解的Karush-Kuhn-Tucker优化条件;然后通过数值仿真对模型进行求解,并分析了再制造产品的消费者支付意愿对制造商定价、 产量决策及利润的影响. 结果表明,随着再制造产品消费者支付意愿的增加,新产品价格有所下降,再制造产品价格逐渐增加,新产品及再制造产品产量均有所下降,制造商利润随之增长. 相似文献
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In this paper, the joint production and recycling problem is investigated for a hybrid manufacturing and remanufacturing system where brand-new products are produced in the manufacturing plant and recycled products are remanufactured into as-new products in the remanufacturing facility. Both the brand-new products and remanufactured products are used to satisfy customer demands. Returns of used products that are recycled from customers are assumed to be stochastic and nonlinearly price-dependent. A mathematical model is proposed to maximize the overall profit of the system through simultaneously optimizing the production and recycling decisions, subject to two capacity constraints — the manufacturing capacity and the remanufacturing capacity. Based on Lagrangian relaxation method, subgradient algorithm and heuristic algorithm, a solution approach is developed to solve the problem. A representative example is presented to illustrate the system, and managerial analysis indicates that the uncertainties in demand and return have much influence on the production and recycling policy. In addition, twenty randomly produced examples are solved, and computational results show that the solution approach can obtain very good solutions for all examples in reasonable time. 相似文献
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Saman Eskandarzadeh Kourosh Eshghi Mohammad Modarres Yazdi Mohsen Bahramgiri 《系统科学与系统工程学报(英文版)》2014,23(3):312-328
In this paper, we address a basic production planning problem with price dependent demand and stochastic yield of production. We use price and target quantity as decision variables to lower the risk of low yield. The value of risk control becomes more important especially for products with short life cycle. This is because, the profit implications of low yield might be unbearable in the short run. We apply Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) to model the, risk. CVaR measure is a coherent risk measure and thereby having nice conceptual and mathematical underpinnings. It is also widely used in practice. We consider the problem under general demand function and general distribution function of yield and find sufficient conditions under which the problem has a unique local maximum. We also both analytically and numerically analyze the impact of parameter change on the optimal solution. Among our results, we analytically show that with increasing risk aversion, the optimal price increases. This relation is opposite to that of in Newsvendor problem where the uncertainty lies in demand side. 相似文献
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在生产制造系统中, 设备状态严重制约系统产能, 并增加生产过程的不确定性. 为应对不确定性对系统的影响, 对顾客进行细分, 实施差异化服务. 在顾客泊松达到、 缺货不补的假设下, 研究了设备多状态、多类顾客制造系统的生产和库存分配联合决策问题. 利用马尔科夫决策理论, 建立了系统在无限期期望折扣总成本准则和平均成本准则下的最优方程, 并证明了最优策略具有相似的结构性质. 最优生产速率策略是生产阈值水平随设备状态非增的阈值策略, 即当库存水平降至该阈值水平之下时, 以允许的最大生产速率生产, 否则不生产. 最优库存分配策略是分配阈值水平随设备状态非增的阈值策略. 另外, 缺货成本大的顾客具有较低的分配阈值. 相似文献
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Considering a periodic review system where the online seller allows the customers to pay when the products are delivered to them(referred as cash-on-delivery payment scheme in this paper),the authors investigate the seller's joint pricing and inventory control policy with a finite planning horizon.In particular,the authors incorporate the customers' possible order cancellation behavior with the cash-on-delivery scheme.It can be proven that the base-stock list price policy is optimal under mild conditions.The authors also analyze the impact of the customers' forward looking behavior on the optimal policy. 相似文献
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考虑资源约束和变质期的订货批量与定价的联合决策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
传统的订货计划一般假定需求事先已知.研究了需求是价格的函数、订货能力有限情形时,订货商对变质性产品协调地进行定价决策和订货决策,使得利润最大化.建立了二次规划数学模型. 提出了基于动态规划的算法,可以在多项式时间内求解原问题的最优定价策略和最优订货计划.实验结果表明,与分散决策相比,联合决策可以给订货商带来更多的利润.通过订货能力的灵敏度分析,表明订货能力变化对利润和价格产生显著影响,有助于订货商选择恰当的订货能力水平.通过变质期的灵敏度分析,揭示了变质期对订货策略影响显著. 相似文献
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考虑缺货和缺陷品的模糊生产库存模型的优化求解 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出了一种同时考虑缺货和缺陷品的生产库存模型,并利用模糊集理论进行优化求解.用梯形模糊数来描述各变量,并采用梯级平均综合表示法对目标函数进行解模糊.采用扩展拉格朗日法与反证法相结合的方法,解决了不等式约束下的目标函数的求解问题.Hessian矩阵的正定特性证明了目标函数在最佳生产量处存在最小的生产库存总成本.最后通过数据分析,研究了缺陷率和缺货对生产量和生产库存总成本的影响. 相似文献
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能力规划、促销与库存控制集成决策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了多周期联合能力规划、促销和库存管理集成决策问题.在每周期开始,决策者同时决定生产能力,促销水平和生产量.刻画了最优策略的结构以及能力与促销之间的关系,证明最优能力规划是目标区间策略,即在每一周期,存在一个最优能力区间,对生产能力做最少的调整,使生产能力落到这一区间.一旦生产能力确定,最优促销与库存策略是修正base-stock-target-promotion策略.促销是生产能力和初始库存的增函数.推广了前人的相关结果. 相似文献
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Chen Yimei~ Han Zhengzhi~ & Tang Houjun~ .Dept. of Automation Tianjin Polytechnic Univ. Tianjin P. R. China .School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. Shanghai P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2006,17(3):619-623
1 .INTRODUCTIONIn many applications , dynamics of the plant arepartially known,and esti mation is the key in de-signing a successful control . Adaptive control ,re-presents the means of achieving online esti mation,has been the focus of research in recent years .Classes of stabilizable uncertain systems have beenfound,and several adaptive control design proce-dures have been proposed[1 ~4].The purpose of this paper is to develop newsolutions tothe adaptive stabilization problemfor aclass … 相似文献
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The paper investigates the pricing decisions of two competing supply chains under the different information structures. Each retailer has private information about the market demand and has the right to decide whether or not to share the information with the manufacturer. Three demand-information structures, i.e., information sharing in both supply chains, information sharing in only one supply chain and information sharing in neither supply chain, are considered. We investigate the value of information by comparing the information structures, and find that the information value not only works in the channel directly, but also does in the competing channel indirectly. Information sharing in a supply chain always benefits its manufacturer, but hurts its retailer; while it benefits both the manufacturer and the retailer of competing supply chain, regardless of whether this competing supply chain has information sharing. From the perspective of channel, when the competition is more intense, information sharing in a supply chain makes this supply chain better off, and when the competition is less intense, the information sharing in a supply chain makes this supply chain worse off. However, it always makes the competing supply chain better off regardless of whether the competing supply chain has information sharing. 相似文献
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基于乘客分类的航空客运座位控制和动态定价综合模型 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
航空公司以提供折扣票的方式将乘客分为两类, 并通过动态的控制折扣票的销售和对普通票实行动态定价来最大化自身的期望收益. 应用动态规划建立相应的座位控制和动态定价综合模型, 讨论了收益函数及最优定价策略的结构性质, 并求得了航空公司基于已卖出 的机票数量接受或拒绝乘客购买折扣票的阈值, 以及对乘客购买普通票的最优定价所满足的关系式. 最后, 通过算例讨论了不同参数对 最优策略的影响, 并分析了模型的有效性. 相似文献
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反推技术及其在不确定系统中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
徐湘元 《系统工程与电子技术》2009,31(11):2703-2709
从控制学科的角度,综述了反推技术的产生、发展、主要方案及其特点。着重叙述了该技术在状态反馈非线性不确定系统、输出反馈非线性不确定系统、离散时间非线性不确定系统、线性不确定系统和随机非线性不确定系统等五个方面的应用形势与进展情况。同时,清楚地指出了反推技术在不确定系统应用中存在的问题,并且就这些问题提出了相应的解决途径和方法。 相似文献
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不确定时滞反应扩散系统的滑动模控制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
借助不等式分析方法研究一类不确定时滞反应扩散系统的滑动模控制问题,设计了滑模控制器。分析了在滑动模切换面上滑动模控制系统关于不确定量的不变性特征,为研究在系统工作环境的变化、降阶近似、线性化近似、测量误差等因素干扰下所建立的实际控制系统的数学模型———不确定时滞分布参数控制系统的鲁棒性问题奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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本文研究需求受价格和服务水平双重影响下的易逝品随机生产库存模型,探讨考虑外部随机扰动对库存变动影响下易逝品企业的最优联合动态定价、服务和生产策略,并基于随机最优控制理论,运用Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB)方程对最优策略进行了求解.研究表明:最优动态价格、服务水平和生产速率是库存水平的线性反馈形式;外部随机扰动的大小对易逝品生产企业所获得的折现利润总期望会产生不同影响,在整个经营周期内外界不确定因素越大,易逝品生产企业所获得的折现利润总期望越小;价格敏感系数和服务敏感系数会影响易逝品企业生产、服务、价格策略. 相似文献
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本文研究了代理人过度自信对委托人最优激励契约设计及最优备货决策的影响,建立了代理人过度自信时的最优激励契约与备货联合决策模型,得到并比较了代理人过度估计和过度精确两类过度自信类型下委托人的最优激励契约与最优订货量决策,并数值验证了相关结论.研究发现:库存耗尽的阈值契约是最优的契约形式,且不同过度自信类型对最优联合决策的影响具有显著差异;与代理人完全理性情况相比,过度精确(过度估计)会导致最优契约的奖励提高(降低)以及最优订货量降低(降低或提高);过度估计可缓解道德风险引起的最优订货量偏高现象,甚至产生比无道德风险情况下更高的利润,而过度精确可能进一步加剧订货量偏离现象. 相似文献