一种基于神经网络的车牌定位方法

针对过去车牌定位难的问题,提出了一种基于神经网络的车牌定位方法,算法通过神经网络训练、图像预处理以及用训练好的网络进行车牌的定位,依照上述算法对编制的软件检验,从测试的 600 幅 320×240(像素×像素)汽车图像,正确率达到了 95.1%,每幅图像的运行时间小于 2s,基本上达到了实时处理的要求。     

新的三层BP神经网络算法在解谱分析中的应用

介绍了一个三层BP(back propagation)神经网络结构,并推导出LM(Levenberg-Marquardt)算法对网络的权重和偏置的更新.然后用LM算法和带动量的梯度算法来分别训练网络.结果表明:这两种算法得到的残差都在一个很小的范围内,应用神经网络技术解复杂X射线谱具有良好的优越性;而LM算法收敛更快,为我们节约了大量的解谱时间.还对解谱的残差进行了分析,提出了神经网络解谱的过程中需要注意的问题及其缺陷.     

一种基于BP算法的融合神经网络

针对水电仿真系统水机温度建模中存在非线性动态数学模型问题,提出了一种采用融合神经网络的温度模型·并且为消除应用中神经网络训练速度慢、容易陷入局部极值的影响,采用了可变学习速度的VLBP算法作为更新网络梯度和权值的算法·在该模型的实际应用中,首先设置多个传感器采集温度参数,然后使用采集数据对神经网络进行离线训练,而后使用训练完成的网络对水机温度参数进行实时在线预测·通过现场数据和网络预测数据的对比分析,证明该模型的实际准确率可达96 5%,可以满足实际仿真的要求·     

应用遗传算法和LM优化的BP神经网络模型预测机场道面使用性能

分析了影响道面使用性能的各种参数,结合BP神经网络和遗传算法来预测机场道面使用性能.通过遗传算法全局寻优功能对神经网络的初始权值和阈值进行优化,然后采用LM(Levenberg-Marquardt)优化算法对神经网络训练速度进行加速,并且使训练避免陷入局部极小点.通过历年数据对神经网络进行训练,用所得神经网络模型对机场道面使用性能进行预测.训练结果表明,该方法具有足够的精度,能够应用到工程实际中.     

基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络及其应用

针对输入变量相关性较高的非线性建模模型,经典模糊神经网络算法存在收敛速度缓慢、模糊规则数大、陷入局部最小值的问题。提出一种基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络模型;该模型基于聚类思想,构建多变量高斯模糊隶属度函数,将其表示为不可分离的模糊关系来处理相关变量模型;再采用LM优化算法,通过Hessian矩阵和一阶梯度向量同时调整网络参数;并引入Cholesky定理缩减网络参数个数。应用LM算法的模糊神经网络模型实验结果表明,可以加快收敛速度、减少模糊规则数,比经典的模糊神经网络有更好的预测精度。     

LMBP神经网络PID控制器在暖通空调系统中的应用研究

针对BP神经网络学习过程收敛速度慢及易陷入局部极小值的缺陷,研究了levenberg-marquart算法(即LM算法).为解决LM算法中学习速率的选择和逆矩阵的求解这两个严重影响训练时间和收敛精度的问题,采用LU分解法对LM算法进行改进和优化,并通过MATLAB语言编程实现,将得到的LMBP神经网络PID控制器应用于暖通空调冷冻水循环的控制回路中,将其控制效果与PID控制算法、BP神经网络PID控制算法进行仿真对比研究.研究结果表明,采用LMBP神经网络PID控制器在减少超调量、加快收敛速度、减少稳态误差等方面的性能都得到了明显的改善.     

BP神经网络的LM算法及其对颗粒碰撞振动阻尼的预测

介绍了一种BP神经网络的改进Levenberg Marquardt(LM)算法原理,用这种方法对颗粒碰撞振动系统的阻尼进行了训练和仿真,并将此改进算法与传统算法进行比较.结果表明,该算法稳定、快捷,预测准确,适合应用于对实时性要求比较高的场合,且预测得到的模型与相关文献中的结果一致.     

粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱的致病力测定及其时间-浓度效应

本研究用粉虱座壳孢 Aschersonia aleyrodis Webber孢子悬浮液 1× 10 5、5× 10 5、1× 10 6、5× 10 6和 1×10 7孢子 /ml,对烟粉虱 Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) 2龄若虫进行致病力测定 ,并应用时间 -剂量 -死亡率模型研究了粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱致死的时间和浓度效应 ,拟合良好。结果表明 ,粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱的致病力较强 ,接种后第 9d,5× 10 6和 1× 10 7孢子 /ml两个浓度处理累计死亡率达 90 %以上 ;第 10 d的 LC50 和 LC90 分别为 2 .5 8× 10 5和 4 .6 7× 10 6孢子 /ml;在 5× 10 5- 1× 10 7孢子 /ml的浓度范围内 ,L T50 为 2 .6 1- 4.82 d     

非线性同伦LM算法及在软测量建模中的应用

综合同伦方法与Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)优化方法,提出了一种新型非线性同伦LM神经网络学习算法以改善现有神经网络学习算法的学习效率,分析了不同类型的过渡函数对神经网络泛化性能的影响.该算法具有稳定性强、收敛性能好的特点.结合工业过程实际要求,将提出的改进算法用于丙烯腈收率神经网络软测量建模并与几种常见建模方法比较,结果表明:基于改进算法的软测量模型具有更高的测量精度和更好的泛化性能,满足现场测量要求.     

一种基于遗传算法和LM算法的混合学习算法

针对遗传算法与神经网络结合方式中存在的早熟收敛、泛化能力弱等问题, 提出一种交替使用遗传算法和Levenberg Marquardt算法优化神经网络的混合学习算法（GALM算法）. 该算法先通过遗传算法粗调得到一组全局最优近似解, 再以该近似解为初值, 交替使用遗传算法和LM算法优化神经网络训练, 直至发现满意的网络参数. 实验结果表明, 新算法提高了网络的学习能力和收敛速度.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-