纳米二氧化硅自密实道路混凝土弯曲疲劳性能研究

目的通过掺入纳米二氧化硅颗粒优化自密实道路混凝土配合比,改善其弯曲疲劳性能.方法以填充性能和28 d抗压强度为评价指标,设计L_9(3~4)正交试验优化混凝土初始配合比,选取4种配合比制备纳米改性自密实混凝土,进行四点弯曲疲劳试验,分别得到50%和95%存活率下基于两参数Weibull分布的概率疲劳方程,并借助SEM观察试件断面微观形貌.结果自密实道路混凝土取得最佳配合比时水胶比为0.26,纳米二氧化硅和硅灰分别占胶凝材料的质量分数为1%、10%;纳米二氧化硅颗粒掺量为1%的试件的疲劳性能最优,达到预估疲劳寿命2.0×10~6次时弯拉强度折减系数增大了1.4%～5.7%,且疲劳寿命对应力水平变化的敏感性降低了2.1%～9.8%;纳米颗粒具有物理填充效应并与水化产物发生二次反应生成低密度水化硅酸钙凝胶,填充内部微孔使结构更为致密.结论纳米二氧化硅能在一定程度上提升自密实道路混凝土的疲劳性能.     

高温养护对复合胶凝材料水化程度及微观形貌的影响

采取对化学结合水含量和粉煤灰反应程度的测定、形貌观察和能谱测试等手段对高温养护制度下复合胶凝材料水化程度及硬化浆体微观形貌进行研究.研究结果表明:高温养护的热激发作用增强了粉煤灰的火山灰活性,显著提高了早龄期体系的水化程度,而且能使粉煤灰颗粒表面产生更多水化产物,促使浆体结构更加致密;但高温养护对C-S-H凝胶钙硅质量比(钙硅比)的影响不显著,而且对后期浆体水化程度的提高以及微观结构的改善无较大贡献.     

添加剂对石膏基复合胶凝材料的作用

研究了添加剂(促凝剂和碱性激发剂)对石膏基复合胶凝材料的宏观物理性能的影响.采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射等对材料的水化产物进行了表征.结果表明:当添加2%促凝剂和2%碱性激发剂时,形成的复合胶凝材料的强度和耐水性等宏观物理性能较佳.XRD物相分析表明,复合胶凝材料的水化产物主要有二水石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)和硅酸钙凝胶(C-S-H)以及少量的钙矾石(AFt)和硬硅钙石(Ca6Si6O17(OH)2).微观结构研究表明,硬化体中的二水石膏和钙矾结构骨架越致密,C-S-H凝胶含量越高,材料的强度等物理性能越好.     

快硬早强磷渣基胶凝材料的制备及其微观结构研究

碱磷渣胶凝材料早期强度较低,不利于实现快速修补,通过在碱磷渣材料中掺入适量的石墨尾矿粉和普通硅酸盐水泥进行快硬早强磷渣基胶凝材料的研制.结果表明,掺入10%的普通硅酸盐水泥(占胶凝材料总质量的百分比,下同)和15%的石墨尾矿粉时,可有效提高碱磷渣胶凝材料的早期强度.当硅酸钠掺量为5%(以Na_2O计)时,所开发的快硬早强磷渣基胶凝材料胶砂试件的3d抗压强度27.3MPa、3d抗折强度4.1MPa,28d抗压强度56.8MPa、28d抗折强度8.3MPa,符合GB175-2007对普通硅酸盐水泥P.O42.5R的强度要求.运用XRD、SEM、综合热分析等微观测试技术研究了快硬早强磷渣基胶凝材料的水化硬化和微观结构.     

钛石膏掺量对碱激发胶凝材料强度与水稳定性的影响

为了实现超硫钛石膏-粉煤灰胶凝材料在道路工程中的应用,需要研究高掺量钛石膏胶凝材料的水稳定性.设计了膏灰比为3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3的5组配合比,制作试件240个,分别进行了标准养护及1d、8d或22d浸水养护,测定了7d、14d、28d无侧限抗压强度,计算了软化系数,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射法(XRD)测试了材料的微观结构及化学成分.结果表明:钛石膏粉煤灰胶凝材料7 d强度增长缓慢,14～28 d强度增长显著,其中膏灰比为5:5时,胶凝材料14 d、28 d龄期抗压强度值最大,分别为4.4 MPa、5.3 MPa;浸水养护8 d、22 d,胶凝材料膏灰比为5:5的试件抗压强度最大,软化系数在0.82以上,因此膏灰比不宜超过5:5;胶凝体系中水化产物主要为钙矾石(AFt)、水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)、水化硅铝酸钙(C-A-S-H),28 d水化产物随养护龄期增多,材料强度提高.     

纳米SiO_2和CaCO_3对超高性能水泥基复合材料的影响

系统研究了双掺纳米SiO2和纳米CaCO3对超高性能水泥基复合材料力学性能的影响规律,采用水化热分析、XRD、MIP和纳米压痕等多种微观分析测试手段对其水化进程及微结构进行了研究.结果表明,双掺纳米材料可进一步提升材料的各项力学性能,纳米CaCO3的最佳掺量为3%~5%.纳米SiO2的高反应活性促进了早期水泥水化的进程,与水泥水化产物Ca(OH)2反应产生C-S-H凝胶,纳米CaCO3主要起到了填充增强和晶核的作用,二者共同作用下,使得复合材料结构更为密实,孔隙率进一步降低,孔径得到细化,超高密度C-S-H凝胶大量生成,界面区得以强化,异常均匀致密的微观结构使得复合材料在宏观上体现出优异的力学性能.     

纳米SiO和CaCO3对超高性能水泥基复合材料的影响

系统研究了双掺纳米SiO2和纳米CaCO3对超高性能水泥基复合材料力学性能的影响规律,采用水化热分析、XRD、MIP和纳米压痕等多种微观分析测试手段对其水化进程及微结构进行了研究.结果表明,双掺纳米材料可进一步提升材料的各项力学性能,纳米CaCO3的最佳掺量为3％～5％.纳米SiO2的高反应活性促进了早期水泥水化的进程,与水泥水化产物Ca(OH)2反应产生C-S-H凝胶,纳米CaCO3主要起到了填充增强和晶核的作用,二者共同作用下,使得复合材料结构更为密实,孔隙率进一步降低,孔径得到细化,超高密度C-S-H凝胶大量生成,界面区得以强化,异常均匀致密的微观结构使得复合材料在宏观上体现出优异的力学性能.     

偏硅酸钠激发矿渣-粉煤灰胶凝材料水化机理研究

研究了偏硅酸钠激发矿渣-粉煤灰的水化机理.通过显微形貌探究了在不同碱当量下胶凝材料的微观结构和水化产物的变化.结果表明,掺入偏硅酸钠可提高胶凝材料的强度,增加浆体中C-S-H含量.此外,掺入8%偏硅酸钠可使水化产物不断增加,浆体内部结构更加致密化,浆体内部微裂纹减少.     

激发剂种类对碱矿渣胶凝材料性能的影响研究

为了研究激发剂种类对碱矿渣胶凝材料性能的影响规律,用高炉矿渣作为胶凝材料,氢氧化钠溶液、水玻璃溶液及碳酸钠溶液作为激发剂,在水胶比为0.3、碱当量为4%的条件下,研究3种激发剂对矿渣胶凝材料激发效果的影响,并采用微观测试手段分析了碱矿渣胶凝材料的微观形貌和水化产物.结果表明:不同的激发剂对胶凝材料的性能产生不同的影响,具体表现为碳酸钠作为激发剂,其凝结时间最长,且远远大于氢氧化钠和水玻璃作为激发剂制备的胶凝材料,但其制备的胶凝材料收缩率最小;水玻璃作为激发剂时,能够获得较高的强度,但其收缩率最大;而氢氧化钠作为激发剂,其制备的胶凝材料早期强度较高,但后期强度发展缓慢.微观分析显示,水玻璃和氢氧化钠作为激发剂时,水化产物主要为C-S-H凝胶和CaCO_3,而碳酸钠作为激发剂时,水化产物主要为CaCO_3.     

辅助胶凝材料对再生混凝土性能影响的研究

再生混凝土力学性能较差,无法广泛应用,在预先浸泡再生骨料的基础上,将辅助胶凝材料纳米硅溶胶（1%,3%, 5%）与粉煤灰（10%, 15%, 20%）复合掺入再生混凝土中制备了改性再生混凝土。通过抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、坍落度试验探究了辅助胶凝材料对再生混凝土综合使用性能的影响;并在微观层次上揭示了辅助胶凝材料对再生混凝土性能影响的作用机理。结果表明,两种材料复合掺入后的协同作用使再生混凝土的力学性能、工作性能得到了全面提升,经试验测得纳米硅溶胶与粉煤灰的最佳复掺量分别为3%, 15%,其90 d抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度最多提升50.5%, 73.6%,坍落度保持在165 mm左右。微观表征显示复掺两种材料加快了水泥水化反应,降低了水泥浆体的钙硅比,并由此增加了C-S-H凝胶含量;絮凝状C-S-H凝胶紧密包裹着水化产物,填充了混凝土内部的孔隙和裂缝,优化了界面过渡区结构,再生混凝土的强度得到显著提升。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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