How A Later Scene in Hamlet Makes Use of An Earlier One

Hamlet,the first of the great tragedies,is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage,for it has the qualities of a "blood-and-thunder" thriller and a philosophical exploration of life and death.The play opens with Hamlet,Prince of Denmark,appearing in a mood of world-weariness occasioned by his father’s recent death and by his mother’s hasty remarriage with Claudius,his father’s brother.Shakespeare is good at describing the characters,controlling the languages,and he is a master to arrange the scene of drama,as well.He knows how to make use of an earlier scene in the later scene.I will explain it from the the death of Polonius and the scenes of Ophelia.     

Characteristics of Contractual English and Its Translation Methods

With the occurrence of economic globalization,the translation of contractual English has played an increasingly important role in China economy.However,as a subject of business English,it is rare to find the research of contractual English,furthermore,the general translation theory including business English is not suited for contractual English translation.It will have both theoretical meanings and practical meanings to analysize contractual English translation.After simple contrast between business English and contractual English,from the characteristic of contractual English,the author discussed in detail about his understanding and research of the standards and mode of contractual English translation.The translation criteria:"faithfulness","exactness"and"customariness"are suggested.In the translation mode,the linguistic analysis is used to translate the contract,namely,vocabulary and syntax.The paper is completed on the basis of the author’s knowledge on the linguistic theroy and understandings of contract and contractual English.     

On English Study in Terms of Input and Output

his paper presents two theories in English study-input and output.Then their respective roles in language learning are underscored by citing several examples.It shows the prominent role of input,and stresses the necessity of output as a means for English study.Meanwhile,the notion interaction is introduced for a better relationship between the input and output.It is concluded that the two parts can’t be separated from each other in English study despite their chronological order.The paper suggests that an English learner put in as much as possible and put out whenever there is opportunity.     

The True Fortune Through Pip's Eyes in Great Expectations

Charles Dickens （1812-1870） is one of the most outstanding English writers in the 19th century. Great Expectations written in Charles＇ later years is one of his mature works. It is the story of Pip＇ s deterioration from an innocent boy into an arrogant gendeman and his redemption as a good-natured person. The thesis of this paper is to analyze and compare the cruelty, hypocrisy of the Bourgeoisie and the plain, kindness of the working people, with the purpose of indicating the true fortune in one＇s life is not the applied money or fame, but virtues, affection and goodness.     

A Survey of Aesthetic Ideas in Plato’s Literary Theories

Literature and aesthetics have similarities,both of which are a kind of ideology and can endow us a satisfaction of people’s spiritual need and purify and sublimate people’s mind.And there is something interwoven in the two disciplines.Plato,as a early western literary theorist,has also delved into the discipline of aesthetics.This article is a general analysis of his aesthetic ideas in his works.     

Wessex in Hardy’s Novel

Thomas Hardy is a novelist and poet, generally regarded as one of the outstanding figures in English literature. Most of his novels take place in the "partly-real, partly-dream" county of Wessex (named after the Anglo-Saxon kingdom which existed in the area) and called Wessex Novel. It is regarded as the reflection of his hometown Dorset. His novel creation could be generally divided into three periods. The first period was romantic and pastoral; the masterpieces are Under the Green Tree and Far from the Madding Crowd. His second period mainly focuses on the social tragedy of Wessex, such as The Return of the Native and The Mayor of Casterbridge .In the last period of his creation, he began to write the pessimistic fate of the villagers in Wessex, this could be seen through Tess of the D'Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure. From the evolution of Wessex we can know the English society in the 19th century as well as Hardy's love for his hometown and his individual philosophy.     

Eugene O＇Neill＇s Desire Under, the Elms n the View of Aristotle＇s Tragedy Theory

Aristotle is the greatest scholar of ancient Greece, his Poetics is considered as a classic theoretical work in the history of westernliterature, which mainly refers to the theory of tragedy. The paper aims at analyzing Eugene O’Neill’s Desire Under the Elms by applyingAristotle’s Tragedy Theory in order to acquire a sharp and deep understanding of literature and art.     

A Simple Analysis of the Image of the Dark Lady in Shakespeare''''s Sonnets

Shakespeare,the colossus in English literature,writes thirty-seven world-famous plays as well as one hundred and fifty-four universally appreciatedsonnets during English Renaissance period.His sonnets are the crystallization of his deep thought and his perfect art.Sonnets127-154 are addressed to a dark-skinnedwoman.This woman is not a fashionable beauty,but she is very attractive.Also she is dissolute in nature and experienced in loving affairs.The sonnets are focused on the entanglement between the poet and her.His point of view towards the woman is contradictory:he praises his deeply loving girl,and at the same time he blames her disloyalty.     

Introduction about Eileen Chang’s translation of the Old Men and the Sea

People in our country know Eileen Chang mainly as an outstanding writer and literator.In fact she is appreciated more than being a writer internationally.Yet Chang’s outstanding talent as a trans1ator is known very 1ittle in mainland China.This thesis selects Eileen Chang’s translation phenomenon as the object of study. Mainly because at first, the translator is of course the decisive factor that makes the target text equivalent to the source text,and case study of outstanding translators obviously is a very important part of both translation theories and practice. Among the factors influencing translation, the subjectivity of the translator is the key one. For a translator who is also a writer,his/ her writing view influences his/ her translating ractice. Eileen Chang’s writing view is inflected in her translation of The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. In my thesis, I would analysis her skill when translating the Old Man and the Sea. I found that she reflected her own attitude to the life when translating the novel.     

Analysis on the Modality of English News Report

Modality is used to express subjective judgment as well as the speaker’s opinions and attitudes.This paper aims to analyze the reporters’orientation reflected by linguistic modal expressions in English news reports from the perspective of Systemic-Functional Grammar,especially from the perspective of type,value,orientation and polarity.     

A Cognitive Study of Metaphorical Uses of HEAD,HAND and HEART in English and Chinese

This thesis,under the framework of cognitive linguistics and by applying Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory,is undertaken to make a comparison of HEAD,HEART and HAND between English and Chinese and study the similarities as well as differences and the causes for this.The SPSS and Chi-square Test are used to illustrate the conclusions.     

Comparative Study of Standard English and Chinese English

It is inevitable that one′s native tongue will have some influence on his studying another language at different levels which range from pronunciations, lexical choices, syntax to culture. This article concentrates on the comparative study of Standard English and Chinese English in the level of pronunciation, lexicon, syntax, as well as cultural influence. It discusses the errors and mistakes that Chinese people are prone to make during their learning and using English, while the cultural part deals with the literally translated Chinglish, and the cultural influence on social intercourse. It analyzes the differences in linguistic perspective and should be helpful to the readers.     

＂The Flea＂ and ＂A Valediction：Forbidding Mourning＂

John Donne is a representative of 17th century English metaphysical poets.Donne’s poetry embraces a wide range of secular and religious subjects.His poetry is full of philosophical metaphor,and quick thinking activities are lively and strong passions-love passion and the passion of religious integration,which created a new harmony.Reading Donne’s poetry is like participating in a mental game,only use our brains in order to catch up with speeding on the poet’s imagination,his exquisite taste of the speculation.The Flea is one of representative works by John Donne.A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning is the most famous works of Donne’s works.Both "The Flea" and "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" are famous love poems by John Donne.The two poems have something in common and something different.Although the two poems are similar and also different to each other,they both set their own situation properly and impressively.     

一类非Lipschitz条件下的随机微分效用

As an influential and noticeable English novelist and poet, Tomas Hardy helped to link the literary traditions between 19th century and 20th century. Among the many studies on him and his works, the one on the tragedy of Tess D’urbervills is an important view. For the doomed tragedy of the heroine, the surrouding area is an unavoidable part to be mentioned, such as the influence of Victoria Age, capitalistic hypocritical moality and Darwinism. This paper tries to probe into this point by a brief analysis of the novel Tess of D’urbervilles, and then, leads to a better understanding of this great work.     

论《推销员之死》的悲剧性(英文)

I.Arthur Miller and his play of Death of a SalesmanArthur Miller is best known as the author of Death of aSalesman,which he wrote in1949,and it was lauded as thegreatest American play,which was Miller’s most successfulattempt at creating individual chara…     

On the Greatness of Gatsby

F.Scott Fitzgerald is one of the greatest writers of the 1920s America.Written in 1925,The Great Gatsby is generally considered as his representative novel and one of the greatest literary documents of the period.The success of the novel owes to the depiction of the hero-Gatsby.This paper mainly focuses on the characteristics of the hero.Through this point of view,readers may get some new ideas and understandings of this novel’s theme.In the process of depicting that era-the Jazz Age,this paper reveals the greatness of Gatsby in one regard as well as the critical significance towards that specific period in other aspects,so as to prove that Jay Gatsby is really a great man.     

On the Spirit of Rising Bourgeoisie in Robinson Crusoe

Through the introduction of the historical and cultural background which Robinson lived in,this article analyzes Robinson’s characteristics in detail and depicts his adventure experience on the isolated island vividly.The characteristics of the rising bourgeoisie are showed from his deeds such as his risk-taking courage,his strong vitality,diligence,wisdom and "never giving up".Meanwhile,this article also gives a very penetrating analysis of the relationship of Robinson and "Friday",Friday’s father,a Spaniard and those ringleaders in mutiny,etc.,that is "Master" and "subjects",which reveals the rising bourgeoisie spirit and the colonialist image that contains colonial pioneering,conquering,expanding and extremely strong desire to possess everything he could.     

日用英语与科技英语的不同表达方式(英文)

Along with the rapid development of science,technology,culture and education,more andmore scientific English books and technial documents dealing with the achievements in all fieldshave been Coming out.Scientific English,as this century’s specific technical language,is popularall over the world.However,people have been facing lots of difficulties in reading the works writ-ten in scientific English,since scientific English has its own characteristics in using words,phrases     

On Man’s Potential for Evil——An Analysis of Lord of the Flies

Lord of the Flies is a thought-provoking novel written byWilliam Golding in 1954.The book describes in detail the hor-rific exploits of a band of English boys who,ranging in agefrom six to twelve,make a striking transition from civilized tobarbaric on a Pacific island.Golding’s experiences in the RoyalNavy during World War II and his meditation on human naturearoused by the two world wars constitute the creative source ofthe story.Although one cannot be sure of Golding’s motives forchoo…     

The Characterization in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and James Joyce＇ s Aesthetics

In his novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, James Joyce minimized the position of minor characters in order to present the central posifon of the hero. This kind of characterization is closely related with Joy＇s aesthetics, that is Joyce＇s principle of ＂wholeness＂. In this paper, the close relationship between the characterization and Joyce＇s ＂wholeness＂ aesthetics will be discussed to prove that Joyce em- ployed his aesthetics in his art creation.