棉纤维改性剂BTG的合成及其应用性能研究

系统研究了棉纤维经苯甲酰化改性后分散染料的可染性能。介绍了水溶性酰化试剂苯甲酰巯基乙酸钠的合成方法、产率、表征及其对棉纤维的改性工艺，包括碱剂的选用、焙烘处理的温度和时间等对改性效果的影响。讨论了不同改性条件的棉纤维对分散染料染色性及得色量的影响，测定了染品的染色坚牢度。     

用HVI测试中国棉纤维性能的比较研究

本文分析了目前世界上主要产棉国和棉纺织品生产国中,较广泛使用的两种类型的大容量棉花测试系统(HVI)的特征.用两种 HVI 和常规单项仪器测试了取自全国的有代表性的36个棉花样品的纤维性能,分析了两种类型的 HVI 及其与单项仪器测试结果间的相关性,对 HVI 测试中国棉纤维作出了评价。     

Study on the Pigments of the Colored Cotton

IntroductionIn recent years, the colored cotton produced bygenetic engineering is well known to consumers in China.Because they needn t to be dyed with synthetic dyes andtheir processes will not pollute environments, the textileproducts made of colored cottons can meet the standard of“ISO14000”[1]. Colored cotton can be used in apparel andhousehold fabrics. The knitting wear made of coloredcotton that touch directly with skin could give comfort,hand and health …     

电晕处理对纯棉牛仔布性能的研究

采用电晕技术对纯棉牛仔布进行处理,讨论电晕处理工艺(时间、电压)对牛仔布性能的影响。对电晕处理后的纯棉牛仔布的颜色变化,拉伸性能、润湿性能等进行测试,结果表明:电晕处理后的牛仔布吸湿性显著增加,拉伸强力略有降低,布面颜色深度降低。     

色媒体改性棉织物用酸性染料染色的工艺探讨

用色媒体对棉织物进行阳离子改性处理,探讨了酸性染料对其染色的工艺条件.研究表明,经色媒体改性的棉织物,在无盐条件下,80℃用酸性染料染色25 min之后,上染率和固色率可分别达到97%和95%以上,得色量远高于未改性的棉织物,但其色光偏红、偏蓝,且湿摩擦牢度比未改性棉低.     

PBST/棉包芯纱的拉伸回复性能

通过对不同捻度和混纺比的PBST(聚丁二酸-共-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)与棉包芯纱拉伸回复性能的分析,探讨了捻度和混纺比对PBST包芯纱回弹性能的影响.在捻度相同、PBST纤维相同的条件下,PBST包芯纱的拉伸弹性回复性随着棉纤维的增加而减少;在纱线混纺比相同时、PBST包芯纱的拉伸弹性回复率随着捻度的增加呈先增后降的趋势.采用捻度为500捻/m和40/60的混纺比纺制PBST/棉包芯纱时,纱线的拉伸弹性回复性能较好,并且在小变形下,PBST包芯纱能保持良好的拉伸回复性.这对PBST包芯纱的开发和应用具有一定的参考价值.     

栽培棉(4X)与斯特提棉(2X)种间杂种F_1的细胞学的研究

本研究分析了陆地棉[Gossypium hirsrtum L.,2n=4x=52,(AD)1]×斯特提棉[G.sturtianum willis,2n=2x=26,C_1]和海岛棉[G.barbadense L.,2n=4x=52,(AD2)]×斯特提棉二个种间杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂时的染色体行为,并观测了杂种F_1的花粉粒大小和生活力。根据各杂交组合染色体配对表现,讨论了这些棉种间的亲缘关系和棉花种间杂种的利用问题。     

Application of Acid Dyestuffs with Different Molecule Structure in Combined Dyeing and Finishing of Cotton Fabric

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with acid dyes bearing the different molecule structure and durable press finishing agent （DP agent abbr. ） based on modified DMDHEU were investigated by using the pad-dry-cure process. Some factors affecting the process, such as structure of acid dyes, DP agent, catalysts and curing temperature were discussed. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to color strength, fixation, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties. The results indicate that structure of acid dyes has a striking effect on the color strength of dyed and finished cotton fabric. The color strength and dry crease recovery angle of dyed and finished cotton fabric increases, whereas breaking strength decreases with increasing concentration of DP agent. It is necessary for ammonium nitrate to serve as catalyst. It is found that relatively satisfactory properties of dyed and finished cotton fabric can be obtained with appropriate adjustment of treating conditions.     

Study on Application of Natural Plant Dye Gardenia on Cotton Coloration and the Dyeing Mechanism

IntroductionIn thelast fewyears ,the application of natural dyes intextile dyeing is being explored worldwide .In comparisonwith synthetic dyes , the natural dyes are generallyenvironmental friendly and nontoxic . Natural dyes canexhibit better biodegradability and generally have a highercompatibility with the environment . Correlative researchwork is being under way around the world on theapplication of natural dyes . The introduction of naturaldyes into modern dyeing procedures that can be …     

近红外光谱在快速检测棉制品中含棉量的应用

以两组棉制品为研究对象,利用遗传算法提取有效近红外光谱信息,采用偏最小二乘法（partial least squares,简称PLS）建立了棉制品中舍棉量的近红外定量的校正模型,讨论了遗传算法提取有用信息的具体应用方法．结果表明：棉制样品的近红外光谱经过遗传算法提取有用信息（波长优选）后,通过一定数据预处理方法,运用PLS建立的定量校正模型,可以大大降低数据运算量,为近红外光谱分析技术应用于棉制品中舍棉量的预测,提供了理论依据和实用方法．     

阻燃棉纤维的热降解研究

用四羟甲基氯化膦及一些协效剂对棉纤维进行阻燃处理,并用热分析、氧指数及剩炭率等手段对阻燃样品的热解过程及阻燃机理进行了研究.实验表明,经过阻燃处理的样品比未处理的热解起始温度提前,第一阶段热解活化能降低,氧指数和剩炭率升高;不同协效剂得到的阻燃样品,其阻燃性能不同,用尿素和磷酸二氢铵作为协效剂得到的样品阻燃性能分别优于硫脲和六亚甲基四胺.     

Coolmax织物湿舒适性能的灰色聚类分析

对Coolmax织物、棉、涤纶、涤棉织物的芯吸效应、保水率、干燥率、透湿性、透气性进行了测试分析；并通过人体穿着试验对服装的湿舒适性进行了评价；最后利用灰色聚类分析对6种织物的湿舒适性能做了综合评价。结果表明：Coolmax织物的湿舒适性能优于普通涤纶、棉、涤棉织物；客观试验与主观穿着试验的结果具有较好的一致性。     

过醋酸蒸煮脱除棉浆荧光的工艺研究

通过正交及单因素实验，初步探讨了过醋酸在棉浆蒸煮过程中脱除荧光的效果，并分析了原料预处理对制浆工艺的影响。优化工艺制得棉浆得率迭91％，ISO白度达87．76％，棉浆中荧光的脱除率达90％以上。     

Effects of pigment glands and gossypol on somatic cell culture of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

The effects of pigment glands and gossypol on the somatic cell culture of upland cotton were studied, using the materials as follows: three pairs of glanded and glandless upland cotton near isogenic lines, TM-1, and Coker 312. The results showed that the pigment glands and gossypol contents in the explants had great inhibiting effect on the induction and growth of callus in somatic cell culture of upland cotton, and the induction rate of callus and the single callus weight of glandless cotton were much higher than those of their glanded near isogenic lines. It was easier to obtain regeneration plants from glandless cotton than from their glanded near isogenic lines. There was a significant inverse correlation between the gossypol contents in the explants and callus induction rate, with the correlation coefficient of -0.84. The vitro gossypol in the medium had some inhibiting effect on the induction and growth of callus, especially for the glandless cotton. However, a certain concentration of vitro gossypol in the medium (0.1 mg/L) was an aid to the steadiness growth of callus in glandless cotton somatic cell culture, with a high rate of embryogenic cells which was in favor of plant regeneration, and it was also relatively easy to obtain regeneration plants when they were transferred into differentiation medium with 0.1 mg/L of vitro gossypol, even for some cultivars which are difficult in somatic cell culture. In addition, the gossypol content and its variation in the seedlings and callus during culture of Coker 312 were discussed, as well as the relationship between gossypol variation in the explants and its somatic cell culture. The probability of vitro gossypol used in cotton somatic cell culture for the improvement of somatic cell culture was suggested.     

织物的动态湿传递

本文用自制的动态模拟装置,探讨了服装面料的动态湿传递,并测定了在非稳态条件下,人体汗水的蒸发及水汽传递的情况.通过对全棉、涤棉、涤毛、真丝、细麻、粗麻等7种服装面料的试验,提出织物的结构参数对湿传递影响的多元回归方程,并得出了面料厚度对湿传递影响最明显的结论.     

棉织物的等离子体前处理工艺研究

研究了常压空气等离子体预处理后的棉织物碱氧一浴前处理工艺,探讨碱氧一浴前处理工艺参数(化学助剂用量、处理时间、温度等)对退浆等级等前处理效果的影响.结果表明,经常压等离子体预处理的棉织物能节约碱氧一浴前处理中化学助剂的用量,缩短处理时间,降低处理温度,而且经温和碱氧一浴前处理后各指标超过了传统前处理的效果.     

壳聚糖改性对棉纤维性能的影响

在低温等离子作用下,利用壳聚糖对棉纤维进行改性处理,以改善棉纤维的抗菌性能和吸湿性能.通过正交试验设计,分析壳聚糖浓度以及等离子处理各因素对棉纤维改性效果的影响,从而确定影响棉纤维改性的主要因素.并且在该因素下,分析壳聚糖以及等离子处理对棉纤维单纤维强力,吸湿性能以及抗菌性能的影响.试验结果表明:处理后的纤维有了一定的抗菌性能,吸湿性能有所增加.但单纤维强力有一定程度的下降.     

壳聚糖和多元羧酸对棉织物抗菌防皱整理的影响

针对壳聚糖和多元羧酸在棉织物抗菌防皱整理中的应用,讨论了两种多元羧酸(柠檬酸和马来酸酐)的不同复配比对整理效果的影响,并且就整理前后棉织物对3种指示菌的抗菌效果及耐洗性进行测试与分析.结果表明,用多元羧酸和壳聚糖的混合液对棉织物进行抗菌防皱整理的效果明显,而且经过反复洗涤后其抑菌率仍然可达到81%以上.     

天然彩色棉织物生态整理技术的探讨

探讨了彩棉织物的生态整理工艺，包括彩棉织物生物酶退浆、生物酶精练、柠檬酸防皱整理等．利用正交实验得到了生态整理的优化工艺，并将生态整理工艺后整理效果与常规工艺相对比．生态整理工艺对彩棉色素变化影响较小，保持了彩棉原有的色泽；生物酶精练后织物柔软性较好，柠檬酸防皱整理后织物抗皱性能显著改善．该生态整理工艺适合彩棉织物的整理，可实现彩棉产品从原料到成品的无污染生产．     

氨棉包芯纱的力学性能

对氨棉包芯纱的力学性能进行了测试,分析了影响包芯纱强力、弹性的因素,并根据氨纶和棉纱的力学性能预测了包芯纱的强力,预测值和实测值较为一致.