高速三维数字图像相关系统及其动载三维变形测量

基于双目立体视觉、高速摄影和数字图像相关方法,用两台高速相机搭建了可用于观测结构动态三维变形的高速三维数字图像相关测量系统.介绍了测量系统的原理及实验过程中需要注意的细节,用该测量系统进行了两个动载下三维变形观测的实验:摆锤冲击铝板实验和霍普金森杆冲击石墨圆柱实验,得到了受冲击铝板的动态离面位移场演化和石墨圆柱试件横向变形的三维位移场.     

基于图像变换的自由曲面光学透镜面形测量

对称中心的自由曲面光学透镜的光学表面面形测量 ,是光学加工制造领域的难题。为达到高精度测量 ,提出一种可用于自由曲面光学透镜在线光学测量方法。基于光学透镜的图像变换特性与其光学表面面形之间存在着的拓扑关系 ,通过对标准输入图像和经过待测自由曲面光学透镜变换后的输出图像进行智能辨识、分析和处理 ,求出该光学透镜的变换矩阵 ,并据此精确测量出待测光学透镜的曲面面形。实验结果表明 :基于图像变换的测量方法的测量误差小于 2～ 3μm,能够适用于自由曲面光学透镜的非接触、快速高精度测量     

多轴联动空间复杂曲面线切割加工技术

为实现大锥度空间复杂曲面模具零件的线切割加工,解决高速走丝电火花线切割机床加工空间曲面的难题,以空间曲面零件电火花线切割加工运动规律数学模型为基础,设计开发一种带有自动分度功能的、可翻转的数控回转工作台;基于原有的高速走丝数控电火花线切割机床,研制空间复杂曲面多轴联动高速走丝线切割加工系统,并进行螺旋面、锥面、锥台、双曲面和正弦曲面等典型空间曲面零件的电火花线切割加工实验,对加工出的各个实验样件进行了测量和加工误差分析.研究结果表明:所设计的空间复杂曲面多轴联动线切割加工系统具有较高的加工效率、较好的加工质量和较低的成本;加工样件的误差在允许范围内,验证了该系统的实用性,为解决高速走丝电火花线切割加工空间曲面的难题提供了一种思路.     

利用光栅位移传感器实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量

针对非接触自由曲面测量中激光位移传感器的非线性误差问题,设计了基于LabVIEW的光栅位移反馈系统,其采用调用动态链接库的方式完成数据采集.通过对反馈系统的线性度和回程误差进行实验分析,结果表明,该方法能够实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量,可保证激光测头跟随被测曲面的轮廓上下调整,使传感器工作在线性测量范围内.     

基于三维激光传感器的圆柱度测量新方法

介绍了由三维激光位移传感器、激光线光源、编码器式拉伸位移传感器以及步进电机搭建的三维激光扫描测量系统.该系统可以一次测得圆柱体的三维图形、某一位置的圆跳动以及圆柱度、轴线直线度等参数.阐述了该三维激光测量系统的结构组成和工作原理,给出了圆柱度误差的具体测量评定过程,并基于LabVIEW开发平台设计出了轴类零件表面形状误差测量软件.     

基于多周期同步测量法的微位移检测电路设计

在机械产品微位移高精度检测中,目前广泛采用的微位移检测电路是通过电感式位移传感器将被测位移量转换成输出电压幅度,该方法的测量精度受调理电路的限制.为进一步提高测量精度,提出一种多周期同步测量法,并设计了基于单片机控制的微位移检测电路.实际应用表明,该系统在电感式位移传感器检测量程为2mm时,系统检测精度可达0.01um.并且系统在提高计数频率时可以达到更高的测量精度.     

基于集成成像的增强现实三维显示技术

 分析了现有增强现实器件的不足，介绍了集成成像三维显示技术的原理和特点，盘点了以集成成像三维显示为核心的光学透视式增强现实器件和系统，介绍了这些器件和系统的原理，并分析了离轴光学技术、自由曲面技术、全息光学元件技术、双4f系统各技术的特点。     

基于蒙特卡罗的自由曲面测量系统精度研究

为实现对自由曲面测量系统精度的快速精确评定,提出一种基于蒙特卡罗的测量不确定度分析处理方法,以克服传统方法要求测量样本数多、函数关系简单等问题。分析了系统组成模块的不确定来源及分布,根据误差理论分配了各不确定度源的传递系数,并采用方和根法综合得出系统的测量精度。在LabVIEW上开发了仿真调试软件并与传统A类方法的评估结果进行了对比分析,结果表明蒙特卡罗方法计算快速、可靠,可以简单高效地用于自由曲面的精度评估。     

多尺度二维数字图像相关测量系统及其应用

为了实现全场多尺度变形测量,利用三轴电动平移台、4台高分辨率相机、3个不同放大倍数的远心镜头和1个显微镜头组成了多尺度二维数字图像相关测量系统,采用该测量装置可实现从宏观到微观尺度的变形测量.实验结果表明:通过置于高精度三维可控平移台上的二维数字图像相关测量装置,可实现任意微区的跟踪观测.经过标定的测量系统可以对观测区域实现测量尺度的任意切换,达到所需要的测量精度及观测要求.最后对贝氏体钢腐蚀后的表面纹理进行了数字图像相关测量.该测量系统对于裂纹尖端力学行为的研究具有很好的应用前景.     

双显微数字散斑相关测量的光学系统研究

基于桥梁变形测量的数字散斑测量系统,提出一种近距离测量形变的双显微测量系统,能消除刚性位移,提高测量精度.针对实现双显微数字散斑测试技术所需光学镜头,根据成像原理,设计出满足需要的与CCD相匹配的双显微物镜.采用满足设计要求的4倍的显微物镜进行试验,通过实验验证,设计合理,满足所需精度.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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