纳米晶Fe—Ti—N软磁薄膜的研究

用射频反应溅射法制备了含Ti量高低不同的两种Fe-Ti-N合金薄膜，研究发现，沉积态低Ti含量的薄膜是α－Fe的多晶体，晶粒尺寸约20nm，沉积态高Ti含量的薄膜则是非晶结构，经适当热处理后，纳米晶α－Fe从中晶化生成，晶粒尺寸约10nm，和低Ti含量Fe-Ti-N薄膜相比，高Ti含量Fe-Ti-N薄膜显现出良好的软磁特性。     

MA-SPS制备超细晶Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金的摩擦磨损性能

以机械合金化+放电等离子烧结(MA-SPS)制备的超细晶Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金为研究对象,研究了合金在模拟体液(SBF)中的摩擦磨损性能,并与放电等离子烧结制备的微米尺寸晶粒的Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金、铸造纯Ti及Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)合金进行了对比.结果表明:采用MA-SPS工艺可制备出高致密度、组织均匀的超细晶Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金,合金由β相及少量α相组成,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5μm,显微硬度为448 HV;在相同摩擦磨损条件下,超细晶Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金的摩损程度明显低于微米晶粒Ti-8Mo-3Fe和铸态的纯Ti及TC4合金,具有最低的磨损体积和较稳定的摩擦系数.超细晶Ti-8Mo-3Fe合金的磨损机制为磨粒磨损,而微米晶粒Ti-8Mo-3Fe和铸态纯Ti及TC4合金的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损并存的混合磨损.     

氧分压对 NiOx 薄膜微结构和电阻开关特性的影响

利用磁控溅射方法在镀Pt的Si（100）衬底上沉积制备NiO x 薄膜,研究了氧分压对薄膜微结构和电阻开关特性的影响．微结构观测分析结果表明：在20％氧分压下,可获得沿[200]晶向择优生长的N iO x 多晶薄膜,薄膜表面平整致密,晶粒平均直径约为13.8 nm ,垂直衬底生长形成柱状晶粒结构．磁性测试结果显示薄膜具有典型的铁磁性磁化曲线,但薄膜饱和磁矩随着氧分压增加急剧降低．电学测试结果表明20％氧分压氛围下沉积制备薄膜样品的电流电压曲线呈现出典型的双极性电阻开关特性：在－0.6 V读取电压下,可获得大于10的高／低电阻态阻值比．指数定律拟合电流电压实验曲线表明：薄膜低电阻态漏电流为欧姆接触电导;而薄膜处于高电阻态时,低电压下的漏电流仍以欧姆接触电导为主,高电压下则以缺陷主导的空间电荷限制电流为主．     

硅烷对纳米硅薄膜微结构和光学性能的影响

通过改变反应气体中硅烷体积分数,采用直流偏压辅助等离子体化学气相沉积法在玻璃衬底上沉积本征氢化纳米硅薄膜.使用拉曼光谱仪、原子力学显微镜和紫外可见光透射仪对薄膜进行测试,研究不同硅烷体积分数对薄膜微结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明:当硅烷体积分数增加,晶粒尺寸增加,而晶态含量却随之下降.晶态含量的降低,使拉曼光谱中谱峰的强度降低,峰位发生蓝移,薄膜有序性随之降低;而且薄膜的光学禁带宽度随硅烷体积分数的增加而增加.当硅烷体积分数为1.3%时,沉积本征氢化纳米硅薄膜,薄膜中晶粒分布均匀,其生长存在取向性.此时晶态含量约为50%,晶粒尺寸约为2.6 nm;薄膜具有较大的光学禁带宽度,为1.702 eV,以及较高的电导率.     

退火对AlCN非晶薄膜结构及力学性能的影响

利用磁控溅射方法在单晶硅基片上制备出不同Al含量AlCN非晶薄膜,随后分别在700℃和1000℃进行真空退火热处理.使用X射线衍射仪和高分辨透射电镜研究了沉积态和退火态薄膜的组织和微观结构,用纳米压痕仪测试硬度和弹性模量.结果表明,退火态薄膜组织和微观结构强烈依赖于薄膜的Al含量.经1000℃退火后,低Al含量AlCN薄膜没有出现结晶现象,但形成了分层;高Al含量AlCN薄膜中,退火促使AlN纳米晶的生成,使薄膜形成了非晶包裹纳米晶的复合结构,随着距表面深度的增加,形成的纳米晶密度和尺寸均有减小的趋势.随着退火温度的升高,AlCN薄膜的硬度和弹性模量均降低;而对于高Al含量AlCN薄膜,由于形成了纳米复合结构,硬度和弹性模量下降幅度减少.     

等温处理对铝热法制备的块体纳米晶Fe_3Al晶粒尺寸和硬度的影响

为研究等温处理对铝热法制备的块体纳米晶Fe3Al平均晶粒尺寸和硬度影响,对制得的材料进行800～1 200℃的等温处理.通过XRD和TEM分析材料的晶体结构和平均晶粒尺寸,用布洛维光学硬度计测定材料的维氏硬度.结果表明:等温处理前后纳米晶Fe3Al的晶体结构未发生变化,均为无序bcc结构;材料的平均晶粒尺寸约为16 nm,在等温处理之后有所长大,1 200℃等温处理8 h后,平均晶粒尺寸达到最大值20 nm;纳米晶Fe3Al的维氏硬度约为481 HV,在等温处理之后略有减小,经1 200℃等温处理8 h,维氏硬度最小值为457 HV.     

Ti—B—N纳米复合薄膜的制备及结构和力学性能

利用反应磁控溅射方法在(100)单晶硅和高速钢(W18Cr4V)基片上制备出不同B含量的Ti--B--N纳米复合薄膜.使用X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)研究了Ti--B--N纳米复合薄膜的组织结构,并用纳米压痕仪测试了它们的纳米硬度和弹性模量.结果表明:通过改变TiB2靶功率和Ti靶功率的方法可制备出非晶--纳米晶复合结构的Ti--B--N薄膜;Ti--B--N薄膜中主要含有TiN纳米晶,随着B含量的增加,形成的TiN纳米晶尺寸变小,非晶成分增加;当B含量很高时会出现很小的TiB2纳米晶,此时薄膜性能不好;当TiN晶粒尺寸为5 nm左右时,Ti--B--N薄膜力学性能最优,纳米硬度和弹性模量分别达到32.7 GPa和350.3 GPa.     

底材厚度对铝热反应熔化制备的块体纳米晶Fe3Al材料的组织和性能的影响

通过铝热反应熔化方法在厚度为5~15 mm的铜底材上制备块体纳米晶Fe3Al材料.通过X射线衍射(XRD)研究材料的晶粒尺寸,研究材料室温压缩下的力学性能和硬度.结果表明,所制备材料的晶粒尺寸均约为20nm,且晶粒尺寸随底材厚度的增加而增加.底材厚度为5 mm时纳米晶Fe3Al材料的屈服强度和硬度具有最大值,随着底材厚度的增加,屈服强度和硬度急剧减小,最后趋于稳定.5 mm时纳米晶Fe3Al材料的屈服强度约是10mm时的1.5倍.     

射频磁控溅射Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_3薄膜表层结构研究

用射频磁控溅射在Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si基体上,沉积了Ba0.6Sr0.4Ti O3(BST)薄膜,随后对其进行常规晶化和快速晶化,用XPS,GXRD和AFM研究了薄膜表层的结构特征.XPS表明,常规晶化的BST薄膜表层约3nm～5nm厚度内含有非钙钛矿结构的BST,随着温度的升高该厚度增加;而快速晶化时,该厚度减薄至1nm内,随着温度的升高没有明显增厚.元素的化学态表明非钙钛矿结构的BST并非来自薄膜表面吸附的含碳污染物(如CO2等),而与吸附的其他元素(如吸附氧等)对表层的影响有关.GXRD和AFM表明,致密的表面结构能有效地阻止吸附元素在BST膜体中的扩散,从而减薄含非钙钛矿结构层的厚度.     

低钼高铁纳米晶Fe—Ni—Mo合金电沉积工艺的研究

探讨了工艺条件及电解液组成对Fe-Ni-Mo合金组成的影响,得到制备低Mo高Fe含量纳米晶Fe-Ni-Mo合金的电解液组成和工艺条件.通过SEM、XRD和EDS对合金的表面形貌、微观结构的分析,结果表明:合金表面平整,结构致密,无孔洞及裂纹,晶粒属于纳米晶,晶粒尺寸为8.8 nm(111).合金为FeNi置换固溶体,面心立方晶体结构,呈现很强的(111)晶面择优取向.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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