离子液体催化废聚碳酸酯的乙醇醇解反应

以合成的离子液体氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑（[Bmim][Cl]）为催化剂,对废聚碳酸酯（PC）乙醇醇解回收双酚A（BPA）和碳酸二乙酯（DEC）反应进行了研究.考察了反应温度、乙醇用量、离子液体用量和反应时间等因素对反应结果的影响.结果表明：在反应温度为130℃,反应时间为2h,n（C2H5OH）：n（PC）=6∶1,m（[Bmim][Cl]）：m（PC）=0.5∶1的较佳条件下,PC降解率为100％,BPA收率＞95％,DEC收率＞91％.采用IR技术对所得产物进行了表征.     

百里香挥发性成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取，同时采用毛细管气相色谱．质谱联用法对百里香的挥发性化学成分进行了分析研究，经毛细管色谱分离出81多个峰，并且确认了所含的68种化合物．用气相色谱面积归一法测定了各成分的相对百分含量，其主要化学成分为：百里酚(36．08％)、1．甲基-3-(1．甲基乙基)苯(12．11％)、7，11-二甲基．1，6，10-十二三烯(6．88％)、2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙基)-苯酚(4．86％)、桉油醇(4．21％)、1．甲氧基-4-甲基-2-(1-甲基)苯(3．78％)等，为进一步开发利用提供了科学依据．     

河南驻马店产艾叶挥发油的GC-MS分析

研究河南驻马店产艾叶挥发油的化学成分．采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取艾叶中挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）法对其化学成分进行分离鉴定,归-化法测定其相对含量．共检出103个色谱峰,鉴定了69个化合物,占挥发油色谱峰总面积的96．01％,其中,茉莉酮和β-紫罗酮为艾叶挥发油化学成分的首次鉴定报道．结果表明：河南驻马店产艾叶挥发油的主要成分为1,8-桉叶油素（28．59％）、龙脑（7．94％）、3,3,6-三甲基-1,5-庚二烯4-醇（6．62％）、4-甲基-1-（1-甲乙基）-3-环己烯-1-醇（6．56％）、樟脑（6．31％）、α-松油醇（3．82％）,不同产地艾叶挥发油主要化学成分的种类和相对含量不同．     

新疆产黄花蒿挥发油成分研究

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取，运用毛细管气相色谱．质谱联用法对新疆产黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)挥发性化学成分进行了分析，用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量，经毛细管色谱分离出48个峰，并鉴定出峰所对应的化合物，其主要化学成分为2，5-二氢-3-甲基呋喃(68．48％)；β—月桂烯(10．13％)；1R，3Z，9S-4，11，11-三甲基-8-亚甲基二环[7，2，0]-3-十一碳烯(7．74％)；7，11-二甲基-3-亚甲基-1，6，10-十二碳三烯(2．42％)；桉油醇(1．68％)；圣亚麻三烯(1．52％)等，为进一步开发利用提供了科学依据。     

灰绿黄堇挥发性成分的分析研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取，同时采用毛细管气相色谱质谱联用法对灰绿黄堇挥发性化学成分进行了分析研究．经毛细管色谱分离出13个峰，并且确认了所含的全部化合物．用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量．其主要化学成分为：3．7—二甲基—1．6—辛二烯—3—醇(46．80％)；2—氨基苯甲酸—3．7—二甲基—1，6—辛二烯—3—酯(11．90％)；4—甲基—1—(1—甲基乙基)—3—环己烯—1—醇(10．66％)；α—松油醇(8．31％)等，上述4种化合物的含量占全油的77．67％．为进—步开发利用提供了科学依据。     

阳离子高分子絮凝剂P(DMC)的合成研究

介绍了聚甲基丙烯酞氯乙基三甲基氯化铵P(DMC)使用氧化还原K2S2O8/NaHSO3体系作聚合引发剂的水溶液聚合方法，探讨了其最佳反应条件对聚合物特性粘度的影响，并用红外光谱对聚合物的结构进行了确认．P（DMC)的最佳聚合条件为：DMC溶液的最佳质量百分比为35％，反应温度为50-60℃，反应时间为5-6h．     

粗梗稠李的化学成分研究

运用多种色谱分离方法对粗梗稠李95%乙醇提取物进行化学成分研究,分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为5(6)-gluten-3α-ol(1)、乌苏酸(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、羽扇豆醇(4)、无羁萜(5)、羽扇烯酮(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)、豆甾醇(8)、亚麻酸乙酯(9)和亚麻酸(10).     

乙二醇添加量对聚酯降解产物的影响

采用不同质量分数的乙二醇(EG)醇解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),并用醇解产物和甲醇进行酯交换反应以制备对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT),研究了EG添加量对醇解产物质量分数及DMT产率的影响。采用高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)对醇解产物进行分析,结果表明,不同EG添加量下,醇解产物的主要成分均为对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET)单体、二聚体及三聚体,且随着EG添加量的减小,BHET质量分数逐步降低,而低聚体的质量分数则逐渐增加。通过红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪及HPLC对酯交换产物进行表征,发现其主要成分为DMT。对DMT的产率进行分析,结果表明,EG添加量对DMT产率的影响较小,并且不同EG添加量下,DMT产率均可达到85%。优选EG与PET的投料比为1∶2,此时DMT产率可达89%,醇解过程中EG质量分数下降到75%。     

碳酸二甲酯-甲醇共沸物萃取精馏过程模拟研究

对从DMC-MEOH二元共沸物中提纯DMC的萃取过程进行了模拟和优化．为了得到纯度达99．9％的提纯物，采用Aspen Plus 10．2对过程进行了计算机模拟和优化，并对3种有代表性的萃取剂(糠醛、乙酸己酯、二甲苯)进行了研究．通过对各个操作参数的优化调节，得到了高纯度的产物，同时对3种萃取剂优劣进行了比较，以期为工业应用提供理论与实践基础．     

4—甲基二苯并噻吩的合成与表征

采用将二苯并噻吩先锂化、再烷基化的方法，可以合成4—甲基二苯并噻吩(4-MDBT)。优化的合成条件如下：正丁基锂(n-BuLi)与二苯并噻吩(DBT)的摩尔比为3：1，正丁基理己烷溶液的浓度为1．5mol/L，磺甲烷与DBT的摩尔比为3：1，在—35℃下进行理化、烷基化反应。在此条件下，DBT的转化率最高，达90％以上；4-MDBT的色谱收率达82．3％。粗产品经活性白土脱色及在-20℃下用95％甲醇重结晶2次后，产品纯度达96．1％，产率为61．6％。对合成产品4-MDBT进行的GC-MS、^1H-NMR、FT-IR、XRD分析表征结果表明，合成产物的确为4-MDBT。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with