几乎恰当链环

定义了几乎恰当链环,给出了几乎恰当链环与其镜面像之间的关系;利用状态链的方法证明了A-几乎恰当链环的Kauffman尖括号多项式的最高次幂以及B-几乎恰当链环的最低次幂的表达式.     

m—几乎交错环链多项式的宽度

１　　引言设Ｋ是一个环链,〈Ｋ〉是Ｋ的Ｋａｕｆｆｍａｎ多项式．由于宽度ｓｐａｎ〈Ｋ〉是拓扑不变量．因此,可以根据多项式的宽度来讨论环链等价性这一基本问题．设Ｄ是环链Ｋ的ｍ　－几乎交错投影图［１］,并称ｍ个被改变的交叉点为ｄｅａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｏｒ点．设Ｋｐ是所有２ｍ个在Ｄ的ｄｅａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｏｒ点分离后所得到的环链集合．令Ｌｉ＝｛Ｌ∈Ｌｐ｜Ｌ有ｉ个在ｄｅａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｏｒ点分离时,沿Ａ　－方向｝,则｜Ｌｉ｜＝Ｃｉｍ,Ｋｐ＝∪ｍｉ＝０Ｌｉ．因此,对任意Ｌ∈Ｋｐ都是交错的．如果对任意Ｌ∈Ｋｐ是连…     

两个变量环链多项式的性质

通过对两个变量多项式性质的讨论以及 Lickorish方法 ,给出几乎交错有理环链的F多项式的计算公式 .用线性束理论讨论多项式的性质 ,并研究两个变量多项式 P(l,m)的微分性质 .主要讨论变量 m的最低幂指数系数的微分性质     

环链多项式的性质

主要讨论具有两个分支环链L的几个多项式不变量的微分性质.对环链L的Jones多项式V(L;t)以及在Jones多项式基础上定义的几个L的多项式不变量X(L;t),Φ(L;t)求k阶导数,并研究它们在t=1时的整除性质,即V(k)(L;1),Φ(k)(L;1)和φ(k)(L;1)的整除性质.先将环链L用拆接关系式分解成纽结的形式,然后根据纽结的多项式不变量性质,得到具有两个分支的环链多项式不变量性质,进而得到L的多项式不变量的性质.     

纽结补中的不可压缩配对不可压缩曲面

研究了曲面F与纽结补S³-K中2维球面交拓扑图的性质，这些拓扑图是由一些环路和马鞍型圆盘组成.然后，给出了两个变换(即R-变换、S²-变换)和连通和分解以及拓扑图的特征数，即E(T)=n₊+n_--n_s,而且这些变换不改变特征数.进而刻画环链补中不可压缩配对不可压缩曲面的性质，如果F∩S²₊(or F∩S²_-)的分支数小于5并且交错纽结或几乎交错纽结的拓扑图是几乎简单时，曲面的亏格等于零.     

纽结的琼斯多项式性质

利用考夫曼多项式来讨论纽结的琼斯多项式的性质．进而给出什么样的纽结多项式具有零根．由于考夫曼多项式是由纽结的投影图的状态多项式来表示的,所以多项式的次数就有明显的特征．利用投影图和多项式的这些性质,讨论了纽结的等价性和某些纽结的琼斯多项式的性质．     

Hopf环链的Jones多项式的微分性质

利用纽结的Jones多项式的性质来研究由n个平凡纽结按照Hopf环链方式构成的环链的多项式的微分性质。讨论了环链L的Jones多项式V(L;t)以及在Jones多项式基础上定义的几个L的多项式不变量X(L;t),Φ(L;t)的基本性质;求k阶导数,并研究它们在t=1时的整除性质。这些性质的研究将有利于讨论三维流形不变量的性质。     

三维流形不变量的等价表示

设M是由S³中通过标架环链(L, f)做手术得到的三维流形, 对于标架环链(L, f)可以得到保持同痕及K₊和K_-变换的环链不变量, 进而得到三维流形M的不变量, 从而三维流形不变量可以由L的Kauffman括号的有限线性组合给出, 当取变量为第4r个复单位根时, 利用括号多项式、 Temperly-Lieb代数、 Jones-Kauffman模、 线性束理论等给出了不同的三维流形不变量的表示. 证明了这些三维流形不变量的表示是等价的, 同时给出了三维流形不变量的一个新表示.     

非连通图C4m-1∪C12m-8∪G的优美标号

讨论了非连通图C4m-1∪C12m-8 ∪G的优美性,证明了当m为任意正整数,G是特征为k且缺k＋6m-3标号值的交错图（6m-3≤k＋6m-3≤｜ E（G）｜）时,非连通图C4m-1∪ C12m-8∪G存在缺标号值k＋1的优美标号,其中,G是具有m个顶点的圈.     

再探非连通图C4m-1∪C12m-8∪G的优美标号

讨论了非连通图C4m-1∪C12m-8∪G的优美性,证明了当m为任意正整数,G是特征为k且缺标号值k+6m-4的交错图(6m-4≤k+6m-4≤|E(G)|)时,非连通图C4m-1∪C12m-8∪G存在缺标号值k+16m-9的优美标号,其中,Cm是具有m个顶点的圈.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the