斜拉桥气弹模型拉索振动数字摄影测量技术

利用数字摄影测量的方法,在斜拉桥全桥气弹模型风洞试验中对拉索结构实现振动位移的动态测量.介绍了该方法的基本原理,并通过某斜拉桥进行了实测研究,获得了该桥气动失稳状态时的拉索振动形态,为桥梁颤振发散机理的研究提供了直接依据.讨论了拉索位移测量方法的误差,并提出改进测量精度的对策.     

漂浮体系斜拉桥简化单自由度模型

大跨斜拉桥减震耗能的一种典型应用是塔梁间设置纵向大型液体黏滞阻尼器,以减小地震作用下的主梁纵向位移以及改善主要构件地震力.以某大型斜拉桥为典型工程实例,首先定量分析一阶振型对于斜拉桥纵向位移(梁端位移、塔顶位移、塔梁相对位移)的贡献,然后基于一阶振型的广义质量和广义刚度发展梁端位移和塔梁相对位移的简化单自由度模型,以通过设置与不设置非线性液体黏滞阻尼器(NFVD)下全桥模型与单自由度模型分析的对比,验证单自由度模型的可行性;在此基础上,基于附加阻尼比ξsd的概念,评估大跨斜拉桥纵向设置大型NFVD对主梁纵向运动提供的附加阻尼比.     

大跨度钢斜拉桥施工过程线形控制

运用几何非线性分析理论,综合考虑斜拉索垂度效应、梁柱效应和大位移效应,对大跨钢斜拉桥施工过程线形控制进行数值模拟研究.采用多段短索桁架单元模拟长索的非线性效应,通过改变单元的无应力长度实现索的多次张拉.根据新增构件的不同激活方式,提出将施工过程模型分为切线安装、平行安装和建模位置安装3类,其中切线安装和平行安装用于施工过程分析,建模位置安装用于施工控制中的反拱分析.考虑几何非线性多次迭代计算安装线形,采用稀疏矩阵算法求解有限元方程.基于以上原理编制了大跨钢斜拉桥非线性分析及施工过程线形控制模拟软件BINAS,通过苏通大桥实例验证了该方法具有较好的计算精度和适用性.     

动态规划方法在斜拉桥模型索力优化中的应用

本文提出动态规划的方法来进行斜拉桥索力优化。介绍了实际试验模型的调整及模型的制作过程,详细介绍了模型试验方法,通过实验模拟斜拉桥整个施工流程,研究桥梁的工作状态,得到斜拉桥施工过程中节点位移变化,将试验结果与动态规划理论结果进行对比。建立斜拉桥有限元模型,与实验模型进行对比。研究表明：将用动态规划方法计算出来的斜拉桥主梁的竖向位移与各阶段理想竖向位移进行比较,发现二者相差很小,优化后内力分布更均匀,弯矩减小。说明了动态规划方法可以应用于斜拉桥索力优化。     

考虑索端刚臂的斜拉桥空间拉索非线性分析

为解决斜拉桥空间拉索在塔和梁上锚固点的刚性连接计算问题,在基于微分法导出考虑垂度效应的非线性空间杆元切线刚度矩阵的基础上,根据索端刚臂在受力后只有刚体运动而本身不变形的特点,将刚臂视为空间矢量,利用空间矢量有限转动公式及微分方法,导出了结构坐标系下刚臂两端的位移之间和杆端力之间的总量及增量关系.最终获得两端带任意刚臂的斜拉索空间杆元切线刚度矩阵表达式,编制了相应的斜拉桥几何非线性有限元计算程序,对经典桁架算例、带刚臂的三杆空间桁架和施工阶段的斜拉桥进行了空间几何非线性分析.计算结果表明:本文方法能解决斜拉桥空间拉索在塔和梁上锚固点的刚性连接计算问题,为斜拉桥进行几何非线性精细分析提供有力工具.     

斜拉桥施工阶段索力确定的优化方法

在斜拉桥的施工控制中,为了达到预先给定的成桥状态,需要通过调整施工阶段斜拉索的索力和每个施工阶段的立模标高来实现.采用多目标、多约束的优化方法,以悬臂施工主梁的斜拉桥为例,建立了施工阶段的优化模型,并给出算例.该方法能够在满足中间状态张拉工具的承载能力、内力和位移约束的条件下,达到预先给定的设计状态.     

基于影响矩阵及粒子群算法的斜拉桥自动调索

给出一种基于影响矩阵法和粒子群智能优化算法的调索计算方案,能够针对斜拉桥有限元分析或者施工监控索力计算问题实现自动化的索力调整,以替代冗余反复的计算工作.利用编制的程序,对某斜拉桥有限元模型的索力进行了自动调索,结果表明,该方案可以快速地获得合理的群索初始拉力,并使得相对误差控制在2％以内.该自动调索方法为斜拉桥建模分析和施工监控索力计算提供了一种新的高效解决思路.     

大跨度斜拉桥恒载非线性分析

文章提出了一种简便的计算影响矩阵的方法,可以方便地进行斜拉桥成桥恒载索力优化。并对大跨度斜拉桥斜拉索垂度效应、梁柱效应和大位移效应3种几何非线性进行分析,对以往的分析方法提出了一些建议,在此基础上,编制了斜拉桥恒载内力分析程序,通过算例验证了建议的可行性和程序的可靠性。     

独塔斜拉桥桥塔反应谱分析

摘要：本文对独塔双索面斜拉桥门形桥塔进行反应谱分析,分别建立斜拉桥桥塔裸塔有限元模型和在全桥分析中的桥塔有限元模型,并计算两模型在E1地震作用下的内力和位移,比较和分析两种模型的内力和位移的异同及分布规律,以及分析两个模型分别在纵桥向、横桥向及竖向地震作用下的内力和位移分布规律。     

强震作用下独塔斜拉桥模型的非线性动力响应分析

建立了基于隐式积分和显式积分的2种有限元模型,对独塔斜拉桥振动台试验中得到的地震响应特性及其破坏模式进行了模拟.然后,利用基于隐式积分的有限元模型,分析了行波效应和索塔梁耦合振动对独塔斜拉桥地震响应特性的影响.结果表明:基于隐式积分的有限元模型可以有效地模拟斜拉桥发生破坏前的地震响应特性,而基于显式积分的有限元模型则可用于模拟独塔斜拉桥在地震作用下发生破坏的全过程;由于输入地震波频谱效应以及视波速各异,行波效应对独塔斜拉桥地震响应特性的影响各不相同;在强震作用下,模型会发生索塔梁耦合振动,导致主塔的纵桥向位移响应明显增加.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that