THE LIGNIN CONTENT IN BLACK LIQUID OF STRAW AS-AQ BY ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETER

1INTRODUCTIONLignin is an aromatic compound. It has strong absorption of ultraviolet radiation but carbohydrates have little absorption. So we use an UV to measure the lignin quantitatively or qualitatively in black liquor from pulping[1]. A single benzen…     

从草浆造纸黑液中提取木质素的研究

本文研究了从草浆黑液中提取木质素的方法，不用减压和过滤设备，于每升黑液中提取木质素８４．０ｇ，并除去约９０％的ＣＯＤ。观察黑液所形成的凝胶，发现其具有多级三维网状结构。     

草浆黑液除硅剂的设计

实验结果证实,草浆黑液除硅时,以溶液的ｐＨ影响最大,并对此进行讨论,从而提出了设计除硅剂的原则。     

酸析-CaO中和-厌氧流化床反应器处理硫酸盐草浆黑液的研究

提出了酸析-CaO中和-厌氧流化床反应器处理硫酸盐草浆黑液的方法，黑液经综合处理后，其COD去除率可达91．8％～96．5％，SS去除率可达72．8％～74．3％，色度去除率可达85．8％～90．5％。对减轻黑液的污染具有明显的效果。     

MICROBIAL STRENGTHEN OF COTTON PULP BLACK LIQUOR ANAEROBIC TREATMENT AND BMP MEASUREMENT

1INTRODUCTIONCotton pulp black liquor is regarded as a serious pollutant source in the paper-making industry. Major treatment of paper-making wastewater is aerobic process, such as activated sludge or biological filters, but most of these treatments can only be applied to the wastewater whose BOD5 is less then 800mg/L, therefore can not be used to dispose cotton pulp black liquor due to its characteristic such as dark color, rank smell, high alkali composition, complex organic pollutant…     

烧碱法麦草浆黑液蒸发器结垢物的分形特征

对麦草浆黑液结垢物的分形特性进行了研究．麦草浆黑液结垢物的表面形貌表现出自相似性，其成长具有非线性的分形动力学特征，并计算出其分形维数。     

ANALYSIS ON COMPOSITION OF FOULANTS FROM ALKALINE WHEAT STRAW BLACK LIQUOR AND DISCUSSION ON ITS FOR MING MECHANISM

1.INTRODUCTIONWheat straw is the main raw material in northern China, and its black liquor is blamed for contributing serious pollution to the environment. A technical breakthrough has been achieved in the field of chemical recovery for wheat straw pulping after more than twenty years' developments and practices. Wheat straw pulp chemical recovery projects with the pulping capacity of 75-100t/d have been put into 132--production gradually in recent years. Evaporation of wheat straw pulp…     

亚铵黑液作肥料施于麦田对水环境的影响

为掌握亚铵黑液作肥料施于旱地对浅层地下水的影响．以麦田为研究对象．给出了旱地不同施肥方式黑液对浅层地下水的环境影响结果．     

热化学处理对阔叶木制浆黑液化学组分的影响

阔叶木(桦木)硫酸盐法工业制浆黑液在不同的温度(120℃和160℃)、O2加入量(1.0-2.0 mol·kg-1 d.s)和NaOH加入量(0-1.0%d.s)条件下进行氧化热化学处理(热处理时间为30 min).分析黑液试样的各种有机组分和粘度,研究了氧化热处理后黑液化学组分的变化情况.热处理使高分子量木素和多糖发生热化学降解,从而显著降低黑液的粘度,而低分子量脂肪羧酸和抽提物含量几乎没有变化.     

THE OXYGEN-ALKALI BLEACHING OF THE STRAW PULP

1INTRODUCTIONAt present, the pulp industry is facing to the large stress against using bleaching agents which contain the chlorine. And the paper making industry has fixed the attention to lighten the environment pollution. To reduce the pollution, many countries have carry through the TCF (total chlorine free bleaching), and that the oxygen-alkali bleaching is one of the maturate technology of TCF by now. To obtain clean produce the oxygen-alkali bleaching of NaOH-AQ straw pulp has b…     

黑液体系的药耗研究

黑液体系是由碱法造纸黑液（Ｂ）、石油磺酸盐（ＰＳ）和聚丙烯酰胺（ＨＰＡＭ）组成的复合体系。黑液中的碱与地层岩石接触时发生溶蚀作用及离子交换、矿物转换等,易造成碱耗,其中的石油磺酸盐和聚丙烯酰胺则可通过吸附作用而损耗。用药耗等值图法研究了黑液体系的三种成分与岩石接触过程中损耗量的大小、产生损耗的原因及减小损耗的方法,同时对黑液体系的碱耗、石油磺酸盐损耗和粘度变化情况进行了研究。结果表明,黑液体系的碱耗主要与碱和岩石的作用、聚丙烯酰胺的水解相关;石油磺酸盐损耗主要与岩石表面的吸附相关;黑液体系粘度变化则与聚丙烯酰胺的吸附和水解相关。另外,黑液体系中优化驱油配方（２３配方）的碱耗、石油磺酸盐损耗和粘度变化率都低于文献值,说明该配方的药耗符合驱油要求     

THREE-PHASE CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED EVAPORATOR FOR WHEAT STRAW BLACK LIQUOR EVAPORATION

1.INTRODUCTIONWheat straw is the main raw material for paper-making in northern China, and its black liquor is blamed for contributing serious pollutions to the environment[1]. A technical breakthrough has been achieved in the field of chemical recovery for wheat straw pulping after more than twenty years' developments and practices. Wheat straw pulp chemical recovery projects with the pulping capacity of 75~100t/d have been put into production gradually in recent years. Evaporation of …     

THE COMPARISON OF STRENGTH PROPERTY BETWWEEN KRAFT PULP AND ALKALINE SULFITE-ANTHRAQUINONE PULP FOR THICKER CELL WALL FIBER MATERIALS

INTRODUCTIONMany studies on the strengths of AS-AQ pulp have been carried out. Generally speaking, except lower tear strength, other strength properties of AS-AQ pulp are similar to those of KP. Some even higher than KP[1,2]. Macleod[3] find that the difference in tear strength between the AS-AQ pulp and KP of aspen can be decreased about bleaching. McDonough et al[4] point out that at the same beating degree, the tear strength of AS-AQ pulp is lower than that of KP, but at the …     

超滤处理碱法草浆黑液的超滤膜特性研究

通过静态试验，研究了两种截留分子量的聚醚砜、聚醚酮、磺化聚砜／聚醚砜、磺化聚砜／聚醚酮等超滤膜处理碱法草浆黑液的超滤特性，结果表明：静态接触条件下，聚醚砜及磺化类膜受黑液组份的污染程度较轻，聚醚酮膜的污染程度最重；荷负电性较高的磺化类膜具有较好的黑液超滤特性；截留分子量２万的超滤膜特性要优于５万的膜。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF BENTONITE AND ITS SYNERGISTIC RETENTION EFFECT WITH CPAM ON WHEAT STRAW PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking industry, microparticle retention aid systems have been widely accepted in past decade because of their simultaneous improvements on retention and drainage but with no sacrifice in formation compared with conventional polymer retention systems. Polyacrylamide/bentonite is one of the typical microparticle retention aid systems,in which highly anionic charged bentonite is used as the microparticle component. The flocculation mechanism of this microparticle retentio…     

STUDY OF COORDINATED PRETREATMENT OF XYLANASE AND LACCASE ON SODA-AQ WHEAT STRAW PULP BEFORE CEH BLEACHING

INTRODUCTIONXylanase pretreatment can produce many small holes on pulp surfaces and cross section by removing part xylose that may be sucked back or exists in style of LCC. Thus penetrability of following chemicals. Olsen [1] observed coordinated pretreatment of xylanase and lignin enzyme (compound of lignin peroxide enzyme and manganese peroxide enzyme) had better delignification than sole xylanase and sole laccase lignin enzyme. So we can forecast that coordinated pretreatment of xylan…     

麦草碱—乙醇浆性能的初步研究

对纤维分离点处的麦草碱—乙醇浆,麦草苛性钠浆的打浆性能和纸页物理性能的比较发现:麦草碱—乙醇浆得率高12%(绝对值)左右,浆料易打浆,但相同打浆度下,纸页抗撕裂性能较差、脆裂度较大。脱除其部分残余木素后纸页性能得到改善。不论何种浆,打浆过程中纤维形态结构以及纤维的超分子结构的变化都较大地影响纸页的脆性。     

黑液除硅的模型试验

根据三因子二次回归正交设计试验,建立了草浆黑液的除硅模型,使用所筛选的除硅剂处理黑液,验证了模型,得到有用结论。     

活化剂在麦草硫酸盐浆中无氯和少氯漂白中的应用

在麦草ＫＰ浆的无氯和少氯漂白程序中使用活化剂,可促进脱木素作用并提高浆的白度。在氧脱木素前用ＮＯ２,硫酸和过氧酸进行预处理比较,以ＮＯ２效果最佳。ＮＯ２用量２％,处理后浆的卡伯值比未处理降低了６％,白度提高４％,粘度只下降１．６％。在Ｄ／ＣＥＤＤ漂白程序中,漂前用对有效氯用量８％的Ｓ１２预处理,白度提高２．３％ＩＳＤ,粘度基本无变化;活化剂ＴＡ用于ＮＯＰ三段漂的Ｐ段,用量４％（对浆）,可提高白度４．３％ＩＳＯ,粘度也有明显提高。本试验采用ＧＯＰＡＰＴＡ无氯漂白程序,可使麦草ｋｐ浆漂后白度达８０％ＩＳＯ,但粘度下降较大     

草浆蒸煮废液处理新工艺的研究

本研究采用酸析木质素、电化学法及生物处理相结合的草浆蒸煮废液处理新工艺。废液ｐＨ３．０时，大部分木质素酸析沉降，ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率５２．９％。酸析木质素后的废液采用铁作牺牲阳极，石墨作阴极的电化学处理法，废液中Ｓ２－的去除率达８２．６％，Ｆｅ３＋浓度达３１．６ｍｇＬ－１。后续处理采用活性污泥法，利用废液中Ｆｅ３＋对生物反应过程的特殊刺激作用和絮凝作用，强化生物处理，出水水质：ＣＯＤｃｒ２９１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＢＯＤ２９４ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＳＳ２３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。