苯甲酸及其衍生物对菜青虫多酚氧化酶抑制作用

以菜青虫五龄虫为材料,分离提取多酚氧化酶,研究苯甲酸及其衍生物:p 羟基苯甲酸、p 氰基苯甲酸、p 环已基苯甲酸等对该酶催化L 多巴(L DOPA)氧化活力的影响.测定抑制作用的IC50分别为14.2、11.3、16.1和2.1mmol/L.研究了抑制剂作用的动力学,结果表明:苯甲酸和p 环已基苯甲酸对酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争性类型,其抑制常数分别为14.25和2.21mmol/L;p 羟基苯甲酸对酶的作用表现为竞争型抑制,抑制常数KI为7.21mmol/L;p 氰基苯甲酸对酶的作用表现为混合型抑制,抑制常数KI和KIS分别为14.31和27.34mmol/L.     

肺炎衣原体中4-羟基苯甲酸脱羧酶的活性

来源于肺炎衣原体AR 39的蛋白质NP_444977其功能未知,但BLA ST分析表明此蛋白质可能具有4-羟基苯甲酸脱羧酶的活性。因此,在大肠杆菌BL 21(DE 3)中诱导表达此蛋白并进行纯化,从而完成酶促反应的分析。结果表明,该蛋白能够催化4-羟基苯甲酸转化为苯酚,证明此蛋白具有4-羟基苯甲酸脱羧酶的活性。金属离子M g2 、F e2 和C a2 能够增强酶活性,但Cu2 和Zn2 却对酶活无影响。酶促反应中最适的pH及温度分别为7.5和30℃。在最适的pH 7.5和30℃的条件下,蛋白质的米氏常数Km为40.1 mm o l/L。蛋白质还具有底物识别的特异性,能够催化3,4-二羟基苯甲酸转化为邻苯二酚,而不能催化2,4-二羟基苯甲酸转化为间苯二酚,这表明苯环上3′位的配基对酶活无影响。     

4-氨基苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理研究

报道了4-氨基苯甲酸(4-aminobenzoic acid)对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响和抑制效应.结果表明,4-氨基苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用.导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50 0%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为0.35和0.30 mmol/L.4-氨基苯甲酸对单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,1.0 mmol/L可使单酚酶的迟滞时间从30.5 s延长到155.1 s.增加了4.4倍.4-氨基苯甲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为混合型可逆抑制作用,抑制常数(Kl和Ks)分别为0.259和1.46 mmol/L.     

青枯雷尔氏菌龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶基因的克隆、表达和酶性质的研究

本研究克隆、表达了青枯雷尔氏菌GMI1000菌株中编码龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶的基因, 并通过亲和层析对该酶进行了纯化, SDS-PAGE结果表明该酶亚基约为38kDa.该酶的最适反应温度和最适pH分别为30℃和7.5.该酶的Km为56μmol/L,pI为4.6～4.8.纯化后的龙胆酸1,2-双加氧高度不稳定:4℃下放置72h即失去85%的酶活. 甘油和β-巯基乙醇可稳定该酶酶活,在添加10%(体积比)甘油至酶液(50mmol/L, pH 7.3的磷酸盐缓冲液保存)后,-20℃保藏2周后均能检出明显的酶活.0.1～1mmol/L Fe2 可以激活或者稳定该酶的酶活.Na ,K ,Mg2 和Ca2 (分别为1～2mmol/L)对该酶的酶活无明显的影响.Mn2 ,Zn2 和Fe3 的添加量超过2mmol/L时,酶活急剧下降.1mmol/L的Cu2 即使该酶失去酶活.     

苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用机理的研究

报道了苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响以及抑制作用机理.研究结果表明,苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用,其效应为可逆抑制效应.测定导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为1.20和1.00mmol/L.苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,4mmol/L苯甲酸使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从42s延长到200s.测定苯甲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争性抑制类型,测定抑制常数为0.95mmol/L.苯甲酸与酶的结合导致天然酶的内源荧光的量子产率下降,但荧光发射峰没有位移.作者提出抑制剂与酶分子的作用模型.     

甘蔗多酚氧化酶酶学特性及应用研究

对甘蔗多酚氧化酶(PPO)进行提取和部分纯化,研究了PPO的酶学特性.结果表明:以邻苯二酚为底物,甘蔗PPO酶促反应米氏常数Km为54.4 mmol/L,米氏方程:V=1250[S]/(54.4+[S]).蔗汁中邻位多酚类物质是甘蔗PPO的最适反应底物.最适反应条件为:pH值6.2,40℃;该酶在pH5.8和温度低于3℃0时较稳定.试验了6种甘蔗PPO抑制剂:单独使用柠檬酸、草酸、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对PPO活力抑制效果不明显;70 mg/L亚硫酸氢钠、110 mg/L抗坏血酸、120 mg/L硫代硫酸钠可完全抑制PPO活力.现行甘蔗提汁的浸渗工艺较适合蔗汁酶促褐变反应,应作相应的调整.     

3-羟基苯甲酸对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用和抑菌作用

酪氨酸酶是一种金属铜蛋白,广泛存在于自然界中,在生物体合成黑色素过程中起着关键作用.以3-羟基苯甲酸为效应物,研究对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力的影响和对化妆品中的主要腐败菌的抑制作用.结果表明:3-羟基苯甲酸对酪氨酸酶有明显的抑制作用,其半抑制率(IC50)为4.20 mmol/L.抑制作用表现为可逆的竞争型,抑制常数KI为2.38 mmol/L.3-羟基苯甲酸对大肠杆菌(E.coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(St.aureus)和枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)有显著的抑制作用.本文通过研究3-羟基苯甲酸的抑酶和抑菌作用,为进一步研究设计新型化妆品添加剂奠定了理论基础.     

5-甲氧基水杨醛对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是生物体合成黑色素的关键酶.实验发现:5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力均有抑制作用;5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力的影响表现为对酶稳态活力的抑制作用,和对迟滞时间的延长作用,2.0mmol/L的5-甲氧基水杨醛使得单酚酶的稳态酶活力下降68%,并使迟滞时间从107 s延长到160 s;对二酚酶的抑制作用为可逆效应,半抑制率(IC50)为2.45 mmol/L,抑制类型表现为混合型机理,其抑制常数KI和KIS分别为1.426和7.766 mmol/L.通过研究5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,为进一步研究设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定基础.     

接骨草蔗糖酶同工酶的分离纯化及其部分性质研究

从接骨草幼叶中提取的蔗糖酶粗酶液经硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析、Sephacryl S-200凝胶过滤层析纯化，得到3种同工酶．对3种同工酶进行SDS-PAGE和IEF电泳均显示一条蛋白带，其亚基分子量分别为45．8KD，44．3KD，43．2KD；等电点分别为pH4．0，pH3．8，pH3．75．凝胶过滤测得3种同工酶全酶分子量分别为91．2KD，89．1KD，87．4KD，表明3种同工酶均由2个相同亚基组成，其表观Km分别为30mmol／L，57.1mmol／L，65mmol／L;Vmax分别为98μg／min，48μg／min，35μg／min．同工酶Ⅰ和同工酶Ⅲ在pH4．4～5．0时有最大活性，同工酶Ⅱ则在pH3．9～4．2时有最大活性．3种同工酶均在pH3-6范围内比较稳定．同工酶Ⅰ和同工酶Ⅱ在48～52℃有最大活性，同工酶Ⅲ在50～55℃有最大活性．3种同工酶均在50℃以下有较好的稳定性．     

羊心肌乳酸脱氢酶的纯化及性质研究

建立了一种较为简单、高效的羊心肌乳酸脱氢酶的纯化工艺,经硫酸铵分级沉淀及DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析纯化,可以得到纯度较高的乳酸脱氢酶,酶的比活力达106.67 U/mg,纯化倍数达54.7,酶活力总回收率为48.6%.酶学性质的研究表明:其最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应pH值为7.8,在25~45℃条件下能够保持较高的酶活力,60℃后酶活力下降较快.1.0 mmol/L的Mg2 、Fe2 、Ca2 ,0.5 mmol/L的Ca2 对酶活力有促进作用;1.0 mmol/L和0.5 mmol/L的Cu2 和Fe3 ,1.0mmol/L的Ni2 ,0.5 mmol/L的Mg2 和Fe2 对酶活力有抑制作用;Co2 的作用不太明显.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that