大比尺高拱坝泄洪振动水弹性模型研究

以拉西瓦拱坝为工程背景,采用加重橡胶,建立了大比尺（1∶100）的水弹性模型,全面模拟了“坝体－地基－库水－动荷载”四位一体流固耦联的振动系统。利用该水弹性模型,采用先进的测试手段和数据分析处理软件,对拉西瓦拱坝的模态以及多种泄洪工况下拱坝的振动响应进行全面的测试和分析。采用流激振动反分析方法,求得泄洪振动的等效荷载,得到整个结构的动力响应,最后对泄洪诱发的坝体振动影响作出了评估。     

高拱坝泄洪中孔弧形闸门振动试验研究

在大量模型材料试验研究的基础上，选用增强工程塑料制作闸门模型，使之同时满足水流相似和结构相似条件的要求，从而实现了通过水工模型试验直接测量深水闸门在实验运行过程中的振动性态以及闸门结构的应力状态，为水工钢闸门振动试验技术的改进作了一点有益的尝试。文中就某高拱坝泄洪中孔弧形闸门在不同工况下的振动情况给出了有关的试验结果。     

薄拱坝坝身泄洪布置及消能效果的研究

薄拱坝坝身泄洪方式,一般采用表、中、深孔单独泄洪或联合泄洪等方式,故有单层、双层和多层射流流态,水舌竖向冲击消能方式是一种较好的新型消能工,并已被试验和工程实践运行证明,具有很好的消能效果。运用新型消能工使加大薄拱坝坝身泄洪能力成为可能。     

小湾水电站拱坝设计方案探讨

笔者结合小湾水电站的地质和水文状况，对其拱坝的设计情况和在设计过程中的影响因素和措施进行了详细的阐述。对小湾拱坝体型，抗震措施，泄洪消能等进行了深人研究和优化，拱坝相关关键技术问题已得到较好解决。     

关于高拱坝建设中若干问题的探讨

我国水力资源十分丰富，理论蕴藏量约6．8亿kw，其中可开发蕴藏量约3．7亿kw，居世界首位。但现开发程度仅为10％左右，近期规划开发的水电工程，大多位于西南、西北地区的大江大河的中上游河段。建国以来，我国的拱坝建设有了巨大的发展，拱坝在世界上可能是最多的。80年代以来，更向20O米以上的高拱坝进军。与此相应，有关技术如拱坝应力变形计算，拱坝稳定分析，拱坝动力分析和抗震，拱坝温控、灌浆和地基处理，拱坝优化、水力学和泄洪消能，碾压混凝土拱坝，拱坝施工技术，拱坝模型试验等，都取得了长足进步。由于我国水利水电事业发展…     

古田双口渡水电站整体水工模型试验研究

由于双口渡水电站的溢流坝泄洪单宽流量大及下游河床狭窄且地质条件较差,原初步设计中担心其 溢流大单宽泄洪对水舌挑距及两岸稳定性的不利影响,挑射水舌受径向集中的强烈影响会对下游河床产生 的严重冲刷等问题．为此本水工试验除了验证泄流能力、水面线及流速分布等常规试验内容外．着重研究 分析溢流拱坝大单宽泄洪对水舌挑距及两岸的不利影响程度,同时重点研究挑射水舌受径向集中的强烈影 响对下游河床产生的严重冲刷问题,并采取一定的工程措施,最大限度地减轻下游河床冲刷,确保拱坝安 全泄洪．     

福建省筑坝与泄洪技术发展报告

文章总结和回顾了福建在筑坝和泄洪技术方面的研究、实践与进展,着重介绍了高掺粉煤灰碾压混凝土、碾压混凝土坝的防渗结构和层面抗剪强度研究,混凝土面板堆石坝的防裂技术、新型止水结构、挤压式混凝土边墙和新近建成的胶凝砂砾石围堰等坝工技术,以及具有福建特色,拥有自主知识产权的拱坝大差动齿坎泄洪结构,宽尾墩一阶梯式坝面一戽池联合消能结构和宽带低真空实用堰的设计方法等大坝泄洪技术、旁侧溢洪道扩散泄洪技术和未完建面板堆石坝过洪技术.     

万家口子水电站泄洪消能研究

本文结合模型试验,对云南万家口子水电站拱坝溢流表孔、冲沙中孔及水垫塘内水流流态进行研究,并对其体型进行优化调整,完满的解决了泄洪消能问题。     

反拱水垫塘与平底水垫塘底板稳定性的比较

反拱水垫塘是一种新型消能防冲结构,拟在我国溪洛渡等高拱坝中采用,其稳定性是其在高水头、大流量的作用下能否安全运用的关键技术之一。分析了平底水垫塘和反拱水垫塘底板稳定性原理,论证了反拱水垫塘底板具有超载能力强和稳定性高的优点,是高拱坝坝身泄洪消能的合理选择。     

谢村源拱坝综述

谢村源三心变厚混凝土双曲拱坝，坝高66?ｍ，厚高比0.182，1990年3月开工，1994年1月建成，同年4月蓄水.坝址处地形与工程地质条件不甚理想，针对实际情况，经过必要的勘探和深入研究，采用左岸设重力拱座和翼墙，实践证明与拱坝相接的布置方案是合理经济的.围绕拱坝的体形优化、坝体结构、拱座稳定、泄洪消能、基础处理、拱坝观测等技术问题，从设计、施工和运行的方面作一概略回顾和总结.至今工程运行正常，已取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.