关中地区典型作物农业节水潜力研究

农业节水潜力的研究对节水农业发展具有重要影响.分析总结了灌溉节水农业发展现状及趋势,并综合以往研究计算农业节水潜力的方法和经验,将节水潜力分为资源型和效率型两类.在建立节水潜力计算模式基础上,以渭河流域关中地区5个城市为例,对典型作物进行资源型和效率型农业节水潜力分析,为关中地区水资源利用提供技术支持.     

黄河大柳树生态经济区老灌区节水潜力综合分析

建设大柳树生态经济区是黄河黑山峡河段开发的主要任务,长期以来,围绕黄河流域突出的水资源供需矛盾,引起了不同学者和有关部门对大柳树生态经济区建设的学术技术争议.结合生态经济区水资源条件,以黄河大柳树生态经济区老灌区节水潜力为主线,系统分析了影响节水潜力的主要因素和敏感性.结果表明,通过输水工程改造、种植结构调整、田间改造、井渠结合、运行管理等方面的节水努力,老灌区节水量为13.18×108～22.69×108 m3,有水资源条件支撑了大柳树生态经济区的建设与开发.     

洪临灌区灌溉水利用系数的测算与分析

洪临灌区地处干旱地区,年降水量少,地下水位埋深大,为解决灌区水资源供需矛盾,促进农业发展,需逐步改进节水灌溉工程与措施。较为准确地测算灌区灌溉水利用系数是评价农业灌溉用水效率、灌溉节水潜力和指导节水灌溉发展的一个重要环节。在灌区选取不同类型的试验区,利用首尾测算分析法进行灌溉水利用系数的测定,通过对测算结果的分析,针对灌区情况提出提高灌溉水利用系数的措施,为灌区发展节水灌溉提供参考。     

石家庄市装备制造基地应急供水项目水资源供需分析

通过几个方面的分析,引岗灌区和韩家园灌区通过工程节水、管理节水,每年可节水量789万m3/a。根据水权理论,灌区所节约的水量仍属灌区所有,灌区在不影响农业效益的条件下,通过节水改造工程节约的水量可以转让给经济效益更高的石家庄市装备制造基地工业用户,总体上不增加冶河、岗南水库的取水指标,也符合水资源综合利用和规划思路,在宏观配置上是合理的。     

玛纳斯河流域农业节水潜力分析

根据玛纳斯河流域水资源严重短缺的形势,在本流域农业灌溉水利用率已较高的情况下,通过对各灌区用水现状的实际调查,发现仍面临很多问题,如种植结构不合理、节水面积发展不够等,节水仍有很大的潜力,并着重指出灌区目前应急需采取的各种节水的措施,尤其是在传统的节水技术的基础上,运用政策法规及现代科学技术,使玛纳斯河流域农业水资源得到有效利用.     

玛纳斯河灌区节水模式探索

新疆玛纳斯河灌区是全国主要大型灌区之一,通过对玛纳斯河流域节水措施的分析,提出了玛纳斯河流域的节水潜力主要在灌溉水量的净定额,并且在考虑节水潜力的同时,还应考虑由此产生的其他需水要求。     

内蒙古西辽河灌区不同灌溉技术条件下玉米产量及经济效益分析

为了探究内蒙古西辽河灌区玉米适合的节水灌溉模式,促进生态农业发展,本文研究了玉米在3种灌溉方式（膜下滴灌、低压管灌、喷灌）的产量性状及经济效益分析.结果表明：玉米膜下滴灌的节水增产增效最具优势,与其他两种灌溉方式相比,膜下滴灌分别增产14.27%、24.56%,纯收入增加2.92%、4.8%.     

广东省三大灌区供水成本水价初探

灌区供水收费低廉是制约灌区发展的首要问题,提高供水水价已成为共识.借广东省3大灌区续建配套与节水改造工程对其供水成本水价进行初步测算分析.     

土渠防渗衬砌技术初探

引青灌区是以农业灌溉供水为主的全国大型灌区,1980年通水后,成为全县农业的"命脉工程".但是,由于先天不足和年久失修,漏水现象严重,工程效益衰减.近几年,引青灌区实施了一系列节水改造工程,其中以土渠防渗衬砌工程尤为重要.改造后,通过灌溉放水对比及原来渗漏比较严重的渠段的输水状况进行观测,防渗段渠道输水基本无渗漏现象,仅此渠段可节约输水量的9.5%,渠道输水时间由原来的近半个月缩短到现在的7天.提高渠道水利用系数0.11.减少输水损失1420m3,可新增、恢复灌溉面积2.4万亩,改善灌溉面积28万亩,水利工程经济效益490万元.该文以引青灌区节水改造四期工程为例,从土渠防渗衬砌的工程设计、施工材料选择及施工程序、衬砌效果等方面进行阐述,为大型灌区渠道节水提供了一种比较成熟的、有效的方法.     

基于博弈论的模糊综合评价法在灌区改造评价中的应用

在对灌区节水改造效果进行综合评价时,根据复种指数、渠系水利用系数、水费实收率等评价指标,对各指标运用博弈论的方法算得权重值,再利用模糊综合评价方法计算各灌区的优属度,并利用此方法对湖北部分大型灌区进行了综合评价,评价结果与灌区实际情况较符合,表明采用该方法进行灌区节水改造效果评价是可行的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with