硼酸镁镓纳米棒的制备与稀土掺杂

荧光材料是重要的研究课题,稀土掺杂的硼酸盐在制备新型发光材料方面具有潜在的应用价值,而纳米发光材料是当前研究的热点之一。本文用化学气相沉积法制备了硼酸镁镓（GaMg—BO4）纳米棒,探讨了其生长机制。对GaMgBO4纳米棒进行稀土Eu3＋掺杂后,所得产物具有光致发光效应。     

带状氧化钛纳米晶的制备

以工业制备氧化钛的中间产物（Ti（OH）4）为原料,在180～230℃的碱性条件（KOH溶液）下,采用压力热晶法成功制备出了带状TiO2纳米晶．X射线衍射（XRD）结果表明,制得的TiO2为锐钛矿结构．扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）观察显示,TiO2纳米晶平均带宽为10～15nm,长度为几十到几百微米左右．研究表明,原料的预处理和反应温度直接影响纳米晶的生长．前驱物pH值为14,陈化时间为12h,生成的纳米晶较长,形貌一致;随着温度的升高,产物的晶化程度增加．最后,对带状TiO2的形成机制也进行了讨论．     

h-BN前驱体的制备与研究

实验以硼酸铵和三聚氰胺为原料,考察了反应原料配比,反应物总浓度对湿化学法制备氮化硼前驱体的影响,确定了制备前驱体的适宜原料配比是n（C3N6H6）：n（NH4HB4O7·3H2O）=1：1,总浓度为0.5mol/L;并通过FT-IR、XRD、化学分析、元素分析和SEM等方法对前驱体进行了表征,研究结果表明：该方法制备的氮化硼前驱体是通过分子间氢键形成的组成为C3N6H6·2H3BO3的超分子棒状加合物,在空气气氛中950℃下高温培烧4h能得到晶化程度良好的六方氮化硼粉体.     

水热法Na2SeSO3歧化反应制备单质硒纳米棒

在HAC-NaAC组成为1：1的缓冲溶液中，以聚乙烯醇为导向剂，通过Na2SeSO3的歧化作用生成无定形硒前驱体，对前驱体进行水热处理合成单质硒纳米棒。通过表征表明所制得产物结构为三方相硒纳米棒，并且形貌稳定、产率高，它的平均直径为30～80nm，长度可达到170～1100nm。     

超声波辅助水热合成条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒生长及磁性的影响

以FeCl3.6H2O,FeCl2.4H2O和NH3.H2O为原料,在超声波辅助下,用水热法合成了纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子,借助X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）仪及振动样品磁强计（VSM）对产物Fe3O4进行分析,结果表明,当反应物物质的量之比（n（Fe^3＋）/n（Fe^2＋））为1.75,pH=13得到的前驱物,控制水热合成温度为140-160℃,水热处理时间为3-5 h时,可制备出纯相的反尖晶石结构的Fe3O4纳米微粒,随着水热合成温度的升高和时间的延长晶体发育越完整,平均粒径越大.磁性测量表明,饱和磁化强度和矫顽力也随着Fe3O4纳米微粒平均粒径的增大而增大.     

硫铁矿烧渣水热法制备氧化铁

在硫铁矿烧渣与硫酸反应后的酸浸液中加入氨水制得含Fe（OH）3和Fe（OH）2胶体的前驱物,前驱物经水热反应可制得氧化铁。研究结果表明：当反应温度小于260℃时,水热反应所得氧化铁粗产品中总铁含量、亚铁含量随反应温度、反应时间、pH值和n（Fe^2＋）/n（Fe^3＋）的增加而增加;当反应温度为190℃,反应时间为30 min,溶液pH值为7.0,n（Fe^2＋）/n（Fe^3＋）为0.15时,水热产物主要物相为Fe2O3和Fe3O4,产物粒径为0.25-0.75μm。将氧化铁粗产品于800℃煅烧2 h得到产品氧化铁的质量达到HG/T2574-94标准。     

水热法制备WO3纳米棒阵列及其光催化性能

采用水热法,以Na2WO4·2H2O为原料,NaCl为添加剂,直接在氧化铟锡透明导电基底上制备了有序WO3纳米棒阵列.利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和高分辨透射电子显微镜等手段对制备的纳米棒进行了表征,考察了pH值对产物形貌、尺寸和取向性的影响.结果表明:单根WO3纳米棒具有六方单晶结构,随着前驱液pH值的增大,平行于基底生长的WO3纳米棒捆逐渐转变为垂直于基底生长的纳米棒阵列.另外,对制备得到的两种不同取向的WO3纳米棒结构进行了光催化降解甲基蓝溶液的研究,发现相比于WO3纳米棒捆结构,纳米棒阵列的光催化性能更高.     

种子生长法制备ZnO纳米棒组装结构

采用微波加热方法以Zn-Al类水滑石纳米颗粒为种子、以醋酸锌为前驱物制备了多种形貌的ZnO纳米棒组装结构,使用SEM和XRD进行了表征。研究发现,当种子液用量较低时,容易制备出ZnO纳米棒的花簇结构,其中ZnO纳米棒的长度在几百纳米到2μm之间,直径在100~300nm之间。当种子液用量较大时,容易得到类水滑石的大片晶两面附生ZnO纳米棒或纳米管的多重结构。     

纤维模板合成ZnO分级纳米结构

在低温条件下,以纤维（棉纤维、尼龙纤维、铜丝、银丝、头发）为模板,通过简单的化学溶液生长,合成由ZnO纳米棒组成的分级结构,ZnO纳米棒竖直包覆在纤维表面,生长密集,棒的直径约几百纳米,长度为2～3μm．该方法可以以织物纤维（棉纤维、尼龙纤维）、金属细丝（铜丝、银丝）和动物毛发（头发）为模板合成由ZnO纳米棒组成的分级结构,具有一定的普适性．该分级结构比表面积较大,同时可以通过组合构成二维或三维结构,在传感器和太阳能电池等方面具有重要的潜在应用价值．     

采用浸渍-还原法在炭纤维表面制备纳米镍催化剂颗粒

为了在炭纤维表面原位生长纳米炭纤维/纳米碳管,研究它对炭/炭复合材料微观界面结构和导热性能的影响,以硝酸镍为催化剂前驱体,H2为还原气体,N2为载气,采用浸渍-还原技术在炭纤维表面制备纳米Ni催化剂颗粒。用扫描电镜观察Ni颗粒形貌和粒径,分析讨论还原温度和时间对纳米Ni颗粒的影响及纳米颗粒的形成原因。研究结果表明:随着还原温度升高,Ni颗粒逐渐变大;随着还原时间增加,催化剂前驱体涂层先分裂,再逐渐形成纳米Ni颗粒,而后又因烧结变大;H2和N2气在Ni颗粒形成过程中还起到刻蚀涂层、吸附弱化颗粒间粘结力的作用;合成纳米Ni颗粒的最佳工艺条件是:还原温度为400～450℃,还原时间为30～60min。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that