非均匀有理B样条的挖掘机器人 作业过程中自主避障控制

为解决挖掘机器人在作业过程中遇到大障碍物时无法及时调整动作的问题,提出一种基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲线的轨迹规划方法.利用3次NURBS曲线插值实现特定的挖掘曲线,在与大障碍物发生碰撞时,通过调整权重因子改变挖掘机器人的局部挖掘轨迹,并且保证轨迹具有良好的平滑性和连续性.仿真实验表明:所提的轨迹规划方法能够实时调整铲斗位姿,进而改变挖掘路径,使挖掘机器人成功避开障碍物,实现自主平滑挖掘.     

基于ANFIS的挖掘机器人挖掘轨迹仿真

为提高液压挖掘机器人工作装置挖掘作业轨迹规划控制精度,将挖掘机器人工作装置简化为斗杆、铲斗两关节二维机械臂进行分析.在建立逆运动学模型时,要将铲斗末端位姿空间与工作装置关节空间和油缸空间联系起来进行轨迹规划,以便在各个空间实现对挖掘机器人的控制.为提高跟踪期望轨迹精度,采用两个自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)分别学...     

基于多传感信息的挖掘机器人导航及避障技术

为实现挖掘机器人在挖掘作业前,无碰撞安全行走到作业场所,采用视觉、红外及超声波传感器,采集挖掘机器人外界环境信息,通过红外及超声波传感器实现墙壁跟踪导航;依靠视觉传感器,实现巡线、道路识别、导引车辆跟踪导航;依靠光流法提取障碍物特征信息,实现路面障碍物的识别、避障。研究结果表明:综合使用多传感器信息,可以实现挖掘机器人的导航及避障目标。     

挖掘机器人负载工况下的力与位姿控制

文章分析了智能挖掘技术的研究现状,给出了试验挖掘机器人运动学模型及负载工况下动态特性方程;为实现典型挖掘工况下工作装置位姿及液压驱动力的控制,设计了一种基于BP(back propagation)神经网络PID(proportion-integral-derivative)控制算法的控制器;并以山河智能SWE-17E挖掘机器人为平台进行试验验证。试验结果表明,采用BP神经网络PID控制算法得到的工作装置末端轨迹跟踪误差均方差小于10cm,驱动力跟踪也达到了较高精度,证明了BP神经网络PID控制算法对于挖掘机器人力与位姿控制的可行性和有效性。     

基于模糊聚类判别的挖掘机器人行为控制

为实现挖掘机器人的自主挖掘,构建了适合挖掘机器人的行为控制体系结构.以挖掘行为作为基准,用状态流模型实现挖掘目标、挖掘任务、挖掘行为的逐层分解.采集目标图像、机械臂倾角及液压缸压力信号,作为状态流行为状态之间触发转换的事件或条件.针对挖掘中遇到的沙土物料、表面块状物料、块状物料埋于沙中3种挖掘环境,综合视觉定位信息、压力及倾角信息,通过模糊聚类判别后,触发挖掘动作状态流模型,有区别地自主处理挖掘中遇到的不同情况.最后通过控制挖掘动作,实现自主挖掘目标.     

基于OpenCV的挖掘机器人摄像机参数标定

为了建立挖掘机器人视觉系统摄像机测量模型,提高视觉测量精度,分析了挖掘机器人摄像机视觉系统内、外参数成像模型及摄像机非线性畸变参数,确定了适合挖掘机器人视觉系统的标定参数。通过采集自制的棋盘标定模板不同方向的七幅图像,基于OpenCV技术实现了对模板角点的提取。通过七幅图像进行标定实验,实验结果获得了摄像机模型的线性内部参数矩阵,标定出了摄像机非线性模型的径向畸变系数,摄像机外部旋转矩阵及平移向量,并给出了标定参数误差。研究结论表明采用角点提取方法,标定误差可达亚像素级,能够满足挖掘机器人视觉系统的标定及视觉测量精度要求。     

Internet数据挖掘原理及实现

分析了Internet数据挖掘的特点、目标及其原理,重点探讨了文本知识挖掘及其CVSM模型、搜索 引擎数据挖掘及其OEM模型及基于Internet的多软件机器人体系结构和基于Agent的个性化检索,最后 指出了Internet数据挖掘的发展方向。     

Internet数据挖掘原理及实现

分析了Internet数据挖掘的特点、目标及其原理,重点探讨了文本知识挖掘及其CVSM模型、搜索引擎数据挖掘及其OEM模型及基于Intranet的多软件机器人体系结构和基于Agent的个性化检索,最后指出了Internet数据挖掘的发展方向。     

挖掘机器人图像匹配算法研究

对当前应用于挖掘机器人视觉系统上的图像匹配算法进行分析,提出了SIFT图像匹配算法.对SIFT特征描述子进行改进,即通过非线性映射函数将原有的SIFT特征描述子映射到更高维的特征空间F上去,然后在空间F上对其数据进行降维处理.实验表明:改进后的SIFT图像匹配算法缩短了图像匹配时间,获得了更高的匹配精度;将该算法应用于挖掘机器人目标识别与定位中,其通用性与鲁棒性更强,能够满足挖掘机器人视觉系统精确性与实时性的要求.     

应用DirectPlay实现遥控挖掘机器人的无线通信

介绍如何将DirectInput技术和无线调制解调器应用于具有三维图形界面的力反馈无线遥控液压挖掘机器人，实现无线通信。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that