A simple interspike interval analyzer for study of neuronal spike trains.

A simple, low cost interspike interval analyzer for the analysis of trains of nerve impulses is described. The analyzer is built with readily available integrated circuits and has been used to analyze spike trains in the lateral vestibular nucleus of cats.     

基于图论的六挡自动变速器的方案分析

基于图论知识,发展一套系统化的设计理论,用于自动变速器的设计研究。根据行星齿轮系的基本特性及理论,列出应用于六挡自动变速器的三排行星齿轮系目录,即齿轮系与其对应图画间具有一对一的对应关系,再利用约束条件删除不符的图画。并根据基于图论的基本回路的方法,对方案进行运动分析。该方法较传统方法方便、直观,有效利用电脑实现程序化,可发展为系统化的理论,是研究自动变速器的有利工具。     

Stimulation parameters determine role of GABAB receptors in long-term potentiation

Blockade of GABA_B receptors was reported to improve cognitive performance in mammals. The physiological basis of this effect is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of the GABA_B receptor antagonist CGP 35348 on long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in vitro and in vivo. In vitro the effect of CGP 35348 on LTP, induced either by two non-primed tetanic stimulations or by two primed bursts of stimuli, was investigated. In the presence of 1 mM CGP 35348 LTP was significantly facilitated following two non-primed tetanic trains, but was impaired following two primed burst stimulations. In vivo LTP was induced by applying non-primed trains of stimuli of increasing duration to the Schaffer collateral/commissural fibers. The potentiation of the population spike recorded in CA1 was significantly facilitated by CGP 35348 (100 mg/kg i.v.). In conclusion these findings demonstrate that the GABA_B antagonist CGP 35348 facilitates LTP in vitro and in vivo if induced by non-primed tetanic stimulation. In vitro, the mode of stimulation determines the effect of the GABA_B antagonist on LTP.     

Suppression de la réaction de sursaut du Chat sous chloralose par stimulation du noyau caudé

Summary In cats under chloralose anaesthesia, the efferent spinal discharges of extrapyramidal — presumably reticulo-spinal — origin, which can be elicited by various types of sensory stimuli, can easily be suppressed by short trains of electric shocks applied to the head of the caudate nucleus.     

Predictive models for influence of primary delays using high-speed train operation records

Primary delays are the driving force behind delay propagation, and predicting the number of affected trains (NAT) and the total time of affected trains (TTAT) due to primary delay (PD) can provide reliable decision support for real-time train dispatching. In this paper, based on real operation data from 2015 to 2016 at several stations along the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway, NAT and TTAT influencing factors were determined after analyzing the PD propagation mechanism. The eXtreme Gradient BOOSTing (XGBOOST) algorithm was used to establish a NAT predictive model, and several machine learning methods were compared. The importance of different delayinfluencing factors was investigated. Then, the TTAT predictive model (using support vector regression (SVR) algorithms) was established based on the NAT predictive model. Results indicated that the XGBOOST algorithm performed well with the NAT predictive model, and SVR was the optimal model for TTAT prediction under the verification index (i.e., the ratio of the difference between the actual and predicted value was less than 1/2/3/4/5 min). Real operational data in 2018 were used to test the applicability of the NAT and TTAT models over time, and findings suggest that these models exhibit sound applicability over time based on XGBOOST and SVR, respectively.     

无线电感传感器及检测线圈的LRC值测量

在现有基于Agilent 4395A阻抗分析仪的无线传感器测量系统的基础上,设计了一个便携的LRC参数测试仪,给出了测量无线电感传感器及检测线圈LRC值的测量原理及其提取LC值的算法.最后通过仿真验证了该算法的正确性.     

Associationism without associative links: Thomas Brown and the associationist project

There are two roles that association played in 18th–19th century associationism. The first dominates modern understanding of the history of the concept: association is a causal link posited to explain why ideas come in the sequence they do. The second has been ignored: association is merely regularity in the trains of thought, and the target of explanation. The view of association as regularity arose in several forms throughout the tradition, but Thomas Brown (1778–1820) makes the distinction explicit. He argues that there is no associative link, and association is mere sequence. I trace this view of association through the tradition, and consider its implications: Brown's views, in particular, motivate a rethinking of the associationist tradition in psychology. Associationism was a project united by a shared explanandum phenomenon, rather than a theory united by a shared theoretical posit.     

A modified leaf chamber assembly to determine the rate of CO2 exchange for upper and lower sides of leaves

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences - Using a simple leaf chamber and a differentially calibrated IR gas analyzer the photosynthetic CO2 uptake rate has been determined separately for upper and...     

高速铁路桥墩沉降与钢轨变形的映射关系(Ⅰ):单元板式无砟轨道系统

在分析钢轨随桥墩沉降变形机制的基础上,从理论上推导了桥上铺设单元板式无砟轨道条件下桥墩沉降和钢轨变形间的映射关系,给出了钢轨随桥墩沉降发生变形的解析表达式,与相应有限元模型的计算结果进行了对比,并分析了不同沉降量条件下的钢轨变形区域长度.研究结果显示解析模型和有限元模型得出的钢轨变形曲线十分吻合,表明两种模型均可用于求解单元板式轨道条件下桥墩沉降和钢轨变形的映射关系;常用跨度桥梁结构的桥墩沉降会对高速行驶的列车产生低频激励,该激振频率与车体的垂向自振频率相近,将对车体振动产生较大影响.     

Cardiac activation and inhibition involved in molting behavior of a spiny lobster

To study the molting behavior of the spiny lobster, electrical activity of the heart, stomach and skeletal muscles was recorded using in-dwelling electrodes. For 1–2 h before molting the heart rate gradually increases. At the same time shorter trains of stomach burst discharges frequently occur. The heart rate then declines and burst discharges of skeletal muscles begin. The skeletal bursts are regularly spaced (10–15 s intervals). A peristalsis pattern of short and long bursts continues for 10–20 min and is terminated by a few bursts corresponding to abdominal flips. The short skeletal burst is followed by a drop in heart rate. Bioassay using the isolated heart suggests that at the final stage of molting the blood contains some substance(s) which inhibit heart beat.     

免疫诊断分析仪的全自动控制研究及实现

为了实现对免疫诊断分析仪的全自动控制,尽可能的降低操作者的劳动强度,提高检测结果的准确性和可靠性,设计了基于 Freescale单片机 MC9S12DG128的免疫诊断分析仪的全自动控制系统.重点研究了微型计算机控制技术,条形码读取系统,光电传感器检测系统,机械传动及定位系统等.通过合理的电路设计和软件编程,使分析仪高效可靠运行,实际测试表明分析仪实现了高自动化和良好的检测效果     

Lysine estimation with the modified Udy-dye binding method in hexaploid wheat

Summary Lysine content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. m. Thell) was determined by a modified Udy-dye binding method and was compared with that obtained from the amino acid analyzer. The values obtained from the 2 methods were correlated and the co-efficient was found to be +0.91 at 0.450 mg/ml dye concentration. The modified method is quick, less expensive and quite helpful for screening lysine at earlier generation in wheat breeding for improved grain quality content.The author is grateful to Dr V.A. Johnson, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA, for supplying wheat cultivars with known protein and lysine values.     

高原列车车窗压差自平衡装置的研究与设计

高原列车由于经常往返于高原与平原之间,车窗中空玻璃内外的压差频繁变化,导致玻璃表面发生频繁往复的微变形,不但影响车厢的气密性,更降低了车窗及车窗贴膜的使用寿命,徒增了铁路运行成本。现行的高原列车,尚没有理想的装置可对其影响进行有效控制。车窗压差自平衡装置的研制,是针对现行高原列车车窗结构的改进。通过设计气压测控系统,实时监测外界大气压的变化,调整中空玻璃内的气压,从鬲使内外压差达到平衡,补偿车窗玻璃表面的微变形。     

Carboxypeptidase Y fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae: Circular dichroism and fluorescence studies

Summary Carboxypeptidase Y was isolated fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae and its molecular structure investigated. The enzyme in the native state possesses 40% of its amino acid residues in a -conformation. Its tryptophan residues seem to be largely buried in an apolar and unsymmetrical environment.Acknowledgments. The authors are grateful to Professors Kanarek and Strosberg for the use of the Cary 61 spectropolarimeter and the Durum amino acid analyzer. This work was supported by a Grant of the Fonds National Belge de la Recherche Fondamentale et Collective and by a Grant of the Fonds Emile Defay. E.P. is Aspirant de Recherches of the Fonds National Belge de la Recherche Scientifique.     

Expansibility of erythrocytes during the course of hypotonic hemolysis

Summary A quick method for measuring the expansibility of erythrocytes during the course of hypotonic hemolysis has been developed, using the MCV continuous analyzer. By this method not only the volume changes during hypotonic hemolysis, but also the critical volume, at which hemolysis of the cells occurs, could be measured in a few minutes. Furthermore, data are presented demonstrating the following; when the MCV or the MCH was larger, the critical volume increased, but the expansion ratio (critical volume/initial volume) was almost constant, about 1.90, for most erythrocytes.     

A simple,sensitive, non-stimulated photon counting system for detection of superoxide anion in whole blood

A simple, sensitive, non-stimulated assay was developed to measure the superoxide anion concentration in whole blood, using an ultra-sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) analyzer, and lucignin amplification. The assay system can be performed without leukocyte isolation or stimulant administration. The blood CL levels of healthy males (362.8±337.7 counts/10 sec) were not different from those of females (335±308.7 counts/10 sec) (p=0.64), whereas the CL levels in whole blood in patients with acute pancreatitis (2522±2014 counts/10 sec) were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (p<0.001). This assay system may be valuable in the future for quantitative measurement of reactive oxygen species in various disorders.     

一种基于微带天线的应变测量技术

结构在长期使用中常常会产生裂纹，裂纹萌生时的尺寸一般很小，不容易被发现；当裂纹被发现时，往往已经扩展，甚至接近临界尺寸，危及结构安全．由于裂纹主要产生在结构的应变集中处，所以对“关键区域”的应变进行监测可以作为裂纹萌生的表征．传统的应变测量技术很难满足长时间、低成本、快速检测等要求．为克服传统应变传感器的缺点，本文对基于微带天线的应变测量技术进行了可行性探究．微带天线的中心频率与自身尺寸有关：当其变形时，中心频率也会发生相应的偏移．因此，可利用微带天线中心频率的变化来表征应变．本文设计和制作了四种不同尺寸的微带天线，以探兖基于微带天线的应变测量技术，同时研究其影响因素．将天线黏附在悬臂梁上，并在悬臂梁自由端处施加载荷，进行应变测量实验．通过矢量网络分析仪得到回波损耗S-一曲线，并获得应变与微带天线频率偏移的关系．分析结果显示，应变与中心频率偏移之间存在近似线性关系，可利用微带天线测量应变．     

聚合质量比对Sr0．7La0．15Ce0．15Fe11.7Zn0．3O19／PAn复合体系微波吸收性能的影响

用原位聚合法制备了Sr0．7La0．15Ce0．15Fe11.7Zn0．3O19铁氧体／聚苯胺（PAn）复合材料。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品的结构、微观表面形貌和粒子大小进行了表征,用微波矢量网络分析仪测量样品在2～12．4GHZ频率范围内复介电常数和复磁导率,根据测量数据计算微波反射率R与频率f的关系。研究结果表明：PAn包覆于掺杂锶铁氧体表面,PAn／Sr0．7La0．15Ce0．15Fe11.7Zn0．3O19复合材料具有良好的吸波性能,随着掺杂锶铁氧体含量的增加,微波吸收匹配厚度和吸收带宽发生变化：当Sr0．7La0．15Ce0．15Fe11.7Zn0．3O19聚合质量比为40％时,最佳匹配厚度为2．6mm,吸收峰值接近-40dB,峰值频率高于12．4GHz,大于10dB吸收带宽预计达到55GHz。     

重庆地区汉族群体19个STR基因座遗传多态性的研究

采用GoldeneyeTM20A试剂盒复合扩增180例重庆地区无血缘关系汉族个体的19个STR基因座。扩增产物经ABl3130序列分析仪进行检测，GeneMapperIDV3．2．1基因分析软件进行基因分析，得到基因分型图。总共检测出182个等位基因，其频率分布介于0．0028～0．4972。19个STR基因座的杂合度介于0．6611～0．9111，个体识别率介于O．8114～0．9882，匹配概率介于0．0118～0．1886，多态信息含量介于0．6309～0．9190，累积个人识别率和累积多态信息含量均大于0．9999999999，累积匹配概率为3．7189×10-^24“，累积非父排除率为0．9999999964。说明该19个STR基因座具有比较高的多态性，是较理想的遗传标记，所得到的等位基因频率等数据可为重庆地区汉族人群的法医学个人识别、亲子鉴定及群体遗传学等研究提供基础数据。     

参附动员内皮祖细胞改善肝移植大鼠缺血再灌注损伤

目的 观察参附注射液对发生肝移植缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)的大鼠外周血中内源性内皮祖细胞(EPCs)的作用以及此作用对其肝脏功能的影响.方法 100只雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组:原位肝移植(0LT)+参附(SF)组,OLT对照组,假手术组.3组均于术后第1、4、7天取血液标本流式细胞术检测外周血内皮祖细胞数量及生化分析仪检测肝功能,观察胆汁分泌量,并取肝组织标本进行HE染色形态学观察肝脏损伤.结果 OLT+ SF组外周血中的EPCs在术后1天开始增加,第4天达到高峰并持续至第7天;并且在3个时间点上,OLT+ SF组的外周血EPCs数量较其它两组明显增加,具有统计学意义(p ＜0.01);OLT+ SF组在用药后IRI有所改善,较对照组有统计学差异(p＜0.05).结论 参附注射液能显著动员大鼠骨髓中的内源性EPCs进入外周血,修复损伤的肝血窦,改善微循环,进而改善肝移植术后的缺血再灌注损伤.