1,2-环己二醇的过氧化氢绿色氧化开环反应的研究

研究了过氧化氢氧化1,2 环己二醇开环生成己二酸的反应,条件温和、操作简单、产率较高,且具有环境友好性;考察了催化剂用量及循环使用、溶液pH值、过氧化氢用量等对反应的影响,找出了反应的最佳条件.     

l，2—环己二醇的过氧化氢绿色氧化开环反应的研究

研究了过氧化氢氧化l，2—环己二醇开环生成己二酸的反应，条件温和、操作简单、产率较高，且具有环境友好性；考察了催化剂用量及循环使用、溶液pH值、过氧化氢用量等对反应的影响，找出了反应的最佳条件。     

风化煤过氧化氢氧化-加氨制腐植酸铵的研究

用过氧化氢和氨水对风化煤进行氧化-加氨,研究了氨水用量、碳铵用量、过氧化氢用量、温度、反应时间和风化煤粒度、浓度对液相产物中腐植酸铵的含量影响.结果表明,最佳配料比为m(风化煤)∶m(25%氨水)∶m(30%过氧化氢)∶m(水)=1∶1.04∶1.5:6.46;最佳反应工艺条件为:反应温度60℃,风化煤粒度小于0.149mm,反应时间60min.     

2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的合成

以硝基甲烷和甲醛为原料,在碱性条件下,经烷羟基化和溴化两步反应合成了2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇.考察了反应温度、反应时间、溶剂中水与醇的体积比以及溶剂用量对产品收率的影响.最佳反应条件为:V(水)∶V(醇)=0.4∶1.0、V(溶剂)∶V(反应原料)=2.1∶1.0,烷羟化反应时间为1.5 h,反应温度为5℃;溴化反应时间为0.5 h,反应温度为10℃,产品收率可达到78%.     

无溶剂合成2-氨基噻唑和2-甲基噻唑衍生物

在无溶剂和催化剂的条件下,以卤代酮和硫脲或取代硫脲为原料,于100℃反应5～15 min,合成了2-氨基噻唑及2-甲基噻唑类衍生物.在明显减少硫脲或取代硫脲用量的基础上,使产物的收率达到了85%～98%.此方法具有反应条件温和、操作简单、反应时间短和收率高等特点.     

六甲基二硅胺烷催化芳香醛与2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮的缩合反应

在六甲基二硅胺烷的催化作用下,以芳香醛与2,2-二甲基-1,3-二烷-4,6-二酮为原料,经缩合反应合成了10种芳基亚甲基麦氏酸化合物.考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响.确定了最佳反应条件为:取0.1 mol 2,2-二甲基-1,3-二烷-4,6-二酮, n(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二烷-4,6-二酮)∶n(芳香醛)=1.01.1,∶催化剂用量为0.1 mol,反应温度为室温,反应时间为1.0 h,在上述反应条件下,产品收率可达86.8;~92.1;.     

(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇合成(R)-(-)-3-氯-2-羟丙基对甲苯磺酸酯的研究

以(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇为原料合成了医药中间体(R)-(-)-3-氯-2-羟丙基对甲苯磺酸酯,探讨了反应温度、反应时间、溶剂种类及用量、催化剂种类及用量,以及原料配比等因素对反应的影响.通过正交试验确定了适宜的合成工艺条件:反应温度0℃;反应时间6 h;对甲苯磺酰氯与(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇摩尔比为1.2∶1;催化剂NaOH与(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇的摩尔比为1.2∶1;以乙酸乙酯为溶剂,(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇浓度为125 g/L.在此工艺条件下产物得率大于85%.     

六(-2-氧杂-3-氧代)丁基三聚氰胺的合成

合成了一种三聚氰胺衍生物六(-2-氧杂-3-氧代)丁基三聚氰胺,并对反应条件进行了优化,得到了合适的工艺条件:催化剂用量乙酸酐摩尔量的1.1倍,反应温度25℃,反应时间8 h,收率达到85%.     

丙醛缩合制2-甲基-2-戊烯醛的研究

研究了丙醛双分子缩合制 2 -甲基 - 2 -戊烯醛的反应 ,以NaOH水溶液作催化剂 ,重点考察了反应温度、溶剂用量、催化剂浓度、反应时间、NaOH固体 /丙醛 (摩尔比 )对目标产物收率的影响 ,确定了制备 2 -甲基 - 2 -戊烯醛的优化反应条件 :温度 2 93K、溶剂苯 5ml、催化剂浓度 2M、时间 1h、NaOH固体 /丙醛 (摩尔比 ) 2 / 15 ,目标产物 2 -甲基 - 2 -戊烯醛的收率可达 98.4%。     

染料中间体1-氨基-2-羟基-4-萘磺酸的催化合成研究

本文采用催化方法合成得到1-氨基-2-羟基-4-萘磺酸，探讨了硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁催化剂对反应的影响．结果发现．CuSO4比FeSO4催化能力强，催化剂用量增大，产品收率提高．当CuSO4用量为0.2g，反应时间为8h、反应温度为50℃，产品收率为68．4％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has