Water regulation in Barmer goat of the Rajasthan desert

Summary The different body fluid compartments in normally watered and 4-day water-deprived goasts of Rajasthan desert, India, were measured in autumn. The goats maintained plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume, but lost gut and cell water considerably under the experimental conditions; indicating that the maintenance of the fluidity of the blood has priority over the body's other fluid requirements in this desert-adapted species during water deprivation.We are indebted to Dr H.S. Mann, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur for kindly providing the necessary facilities for this work.     

Australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP) after rumen infusion from an Indonesian goat

The failure of Australian goats fed Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an Indonesian goat. The leucaena toxicity problem in Australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading DHP anaerobically.     

Australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP) after rumen infusion from an indonesian goat

Summary The failure of Australian goats fedLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an Indonesían goat. The leucaena toxicity problem in Australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading DHP anaerobically.We acknowkledge the assistance of R.G. Megarrity in preparation of the goats in Australia and R. Dixon and staff at the CSIRO Lansdown Research Station for preparation of the feed. In Balai Penelitian Ternak; G. Riding, and Suwandi for the metabolism study facilities, Riad the feeding, Miss Leanne Rochanda sample preparation and Mrs M. Young for veterinary assistance. Analyses were carried out by R. Lowe, Jernih Rosida and Wildan.     

Numerical simulations of self-propelled swimming of 3D bionic fish school

Numerical simulations of self-propelled swimming of a three dimensional bionic fish and fish school in a viscous fluid are carried out.This is done with the assistance of a parallel software package produced for 3D moving boundary problems.This computational fluid dynamics package combines the adaptive multi-grid finite volume method,the immersed boundary method and VOF (volume of fluid) method.By using the package results of the self-propelled swimming of a 3D bionic fish and fish school in a viscous fluid...     

Is the effect of diphenolic laxatives mediated via release of prostaglandin E?

The diphenolic laxatives, bisacodyl and phenolphthalein, and the osmotic laxative mannitol increase intestinal fluid volume in the rat colon in situ. The diphenolic laxatives stimulate the biosynthesis of prostaglandin E (PGE) whereas mannitol does not. Inhibition of PG-biosynthesis by pretreatment with indomethacin only reduces the effect of the diphenolic laxatives. It is suggested that diphenolic laxatives increase intestinal fluid volume via stimulation of PGE biosynthesis in the colon.     

Is the effect of diphenolic laxatives mediated via release of prostaglandin E?

Summary The diphenolic laxatives, bisacodyl and phenolphthalein, and the osmotic laxative mannitol increase intestinal fluid volume in the rat colon in situ. The diphenolic laxatives stimulate the biosynthesis of prostaglandin E (PGE) whereas mannitol does not. Inhibition of PG-biosynthesis by pretreatment with indomethacin only reduces the effect of the diphenolic laxatives. It is suggested that diphenolic laxatives increase intestinal fluid volume via stimulation of PGE biosynthesis in the colon.     

Extracellular fluid distribution in salt-hypertensive monkeys.

In salt-hypertensive monkeys, a decrease in plasma volume was found, inversely related to blood pressure level and not accompanied by a corresponding change in interstitial fluid volume.     

Extracellular fluid distribution in salt-hypertensive monkeys

Summary In salt-hypertensive monkeys, a decrease in plasma volume was found, inversely related to blood pressure level and not accompanied by a corresponding change in interstitial fluid volume.     

基于Origin的风机风量测试数据处理研究

根据金川二矿主风机风量测试过程中遇到的风量测点不足、不能反映风机实际风量的问题,运用一元流体运动模型和流体在管道中速度分布规律的相关理论知识,结合Origin软件的曲线拟合功能,拟合出风硐内风速分布规律曲线,进而求出风硐风速及风机风量.经过工业验证符合实际在误差要求范围之内,具有工业应用价值,为风机风量测试提供了一种新...     

Acute physiological responses during blood substitution with colloidal gelatin in conscious rats

The effects of exchange-transfusion with a proprietary gelatin-based plasma volume expander, Haemaccel, have been investigated in conscious, chronically-catheterized rats. No adverse changes in basic cardiovascular or respiratory functions occurred during the procedure although an increase in intravascular fluid sodium but not potassium concentration was observed.     

Acute physiological responses during blood substitution with colloidal gelatin in conscious rats

Summary The effects of exchange-transfusion with a proprietary gelatin-based plasma volume expander, Haemaccel, have been investigated in conscious, chronically-catheterized rats. No adverse changes in basic cardiovascular or respiratory functions occurred during the procedure although an increase in intravascular fluid sodium but not potassium concentration was observed.     

反相高效液相色谱测定庆大霉素效价方法的研究

建立了反相高效液相色谱（Reverse Phaseliquid Chromatography,RP—HPLC）测定庆大霉素效价的方法,结合管碟法所做的生物效价进行比较,其相关度R。：0．9823,RSD：1．29,证明RP—HPLC可直接测定庆大霉素的效价,从而解决了生测效价程序复杂,人为误差大的问题。RP—HPLC测定方法：采用岛津高效液相色谱SPD．IOAVP、UV．VIS、LC．IOATVP,PepMapC18Trs4．6×150mmSilicaC18（5μm300A）PhenomenexODS色谱柱,流动相MILLI-Q水：冰醋酸：甲醇（比例为25：5：70）配置0．02mol／L庚烷磺酸钠溶液,流速1．0mL／min,检测波长330nm,检测灵敏度0．020AUFS,柱温为室温,进样量20μL,在10min内可对样品液中C1、C1a、C2a、C24种物质同时进行定性定量测定。     

倾斜角度和动载对管内流动影响

本文实验研究了动载作用下不同倾斜角度的管内单相流、气液混合两相流以及沸腾汽液两相流的压力变化特性。通过对实验数据的处理与分析,考察了动载和倾斜角度对实验管段进出口压力的影响,获得了试验管内流体的压力变化特性。     

Computer-compatible system for continuous volumetric measurement of water consumption?

An inexpensive drinkometer system is described that is compatible with most data acquisition systems and can be used for continuously monitoring the drinking pattern of laboratory animals. The change in electrical inductance resulting from the descent of a free-floating ferrite unit through a drinking tube, surrounded by a double coil, is converted to a signal proportional to the volume of fluid consumed.     

Diuretic and antifeedant actions byManduca sexta diuretic hormone in lepidopteran larvae

Neuroendocrine disruption of water balance in insect larvae was evaluated as the basis for a new approach to pest insect control. Effects on water balance and food consumption were measured for larvae ofHeliothis virescens (cotton budworm) treated with syntheticManduca sexta diuretic neurohormone (MasDH). Synthetic MasDH (50–250 nM) caused dose-dependent increases in fluid secretion by larval Malpighian tubules in vitro; higher concentrations resulted in lower fluid secretion. Last instar larvae injected with 20–100 pmol MasDH exhibited increasing weight loss. Larvae injected with 500 pmol MasDH dramatically reduced both water excretion and food consumption by 70%. These latter results indicate that high titers of diuretic hormone can suppress feeding damage by larval insects by depressing water excretion and food consumption.     

Decreased cyclic GMP levels in rat cecum mucosa during adaptive stimulation of Na-K-ATPase.

In rat cecal mucosa, Na-K-ATPase specific activity and sodium and fluid absorption were increased by giving polyethylene glycol administration with the drinking water. Whereas cyclic AMP levels were unchanged, cyclic GMP was reduced by about 50%. This finding suggests a regulatory role of cyclic GMP in intestinal sodium and fluid absorption.     

Changes in intracellular pH and cell volume during the early phase of DMSO-induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells

Changes in intracellular pH and water volume were measured after treatment of Friend erythroleukemia cells with 1.5% DMSO. It was found that a continuous decrease in pHi occurred, beginning 1 h after induction and a decline in pHi of 0.18 was measured after 9 h. In addition a decline in cellular water volume, of 12% only 15 min after induction, and 23% after 9 h, was observed.     

Respiratory responses in heat-exposed rabbits: Inhibition of tachypnoea offset by increase in tidal volume

Summary Rabbits in which thermal panting has been inhibiting by previous cold exposure or by water deprivation respond to a raised ambient temperature with an increase in tidal volume. By so doing, they are able to maintain a minute volume appropriate to their thermoregulatory requirements.     

Protective effects of vitamin E and dithiothreitol against the hemolysis of rat and goat erythrocytes induced by Tween 20 with or without ascorbic acid and azide

Summary Exrtensive in vitro hemolysis of erythrocytes, induced in vitamie E-deficient rats by 0.001% Tween 20 with ascorbic acid and azide, or in goats by 2.5% Tween 20, could be counteracted by either the inclusion of vitamin E in the cells or by the in vitro addition of 0.25–0.4 mM dithiothreitol.     

The effect of nicotine on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats

Nicotine, in concentrations of 5 and 25 micrograms/ml drinking water, given ad libitum for 10 days, dose-dependently increased lesion formation and worsened ethanol-induced ulceration in rat stomachs. Daily fluid intake and b.wt gain were not adversely affected by nicotine pretreatment.