4-苯基-4-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-3-丁烯-2-酮及其衍生物的合成

4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－酮可由3－溴－4－氯－4－苯基－2－丁酮在碱性条件下与1，2，4－三唑反应以71．4％的产率制得。其反应机理由实验和质谱证明是一个先消除氯化氢的三步反应过程，制备出了其衍生物4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－醇和和4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－2－甲氧基－3－丁烯。测试结果表明，这些化合物具有较好的杀菌活性。     

2-氯-9-羟基芴-9-甲酸及其甲酯的合成

以9－羟基芴－9－甲酸为原料合成了2－氯－9－羟基芴－9－甲酸及其甲酯，用元素分析仪，IR和1HNMR确证了结构，研究了反应条件．     

7β-(1-芳基-5-甲基-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酰胺基)-3-(2-芳胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑-5-硫亚甲基)头孢菌素衍生物的半合成和抗菌活性

通过2－芳胺基－1，3，4－噻二唑－5－硫醇1a,1b和头孢菌素母体7－ACA的亲核取代反应，先制得头孢菌素新母体1a,1b,用1－芳基－5－甲基－1，2，3－三唑－4－甲酰氯3a,3b与2a,2b缩合，制得头孢菌素新衍生物4a,4b。初步体外抗菌试验结果表明，所合成的头孢菌素衍生物4a,4b对革兰氏阳性菌显示出中等程度的抑制活性。     

4-全氟烷基-6-(α-噻吩基)-2-吡喃酮和4-(α-噻吩甲酰基)-3-全氟烷基-3-丁烯酸甲酯的简便合成

溴化（α－噻吩甲酰基）甲基三苯基钅米舛１在碳酸钾存在下，二氯甲烷为溶剂，室温与２－全氟炔酸甲酯２反应，高产率地得到加合产物——４－（α－噻吩甲酰基）－２－三苯基膦基－３－全氟烷基－３－丁烯酸甲酯３．加合产物３在９∶１甲醇－水中封管１４０℃或１８０℃加热一定时间，高产率地得到４－全氟烷基－６－（α－噻吩基）－２－吡喃酮４和４－（α－噻吩甲酰基）－３－全氟烷基－３－丁烯酸甲酯５．化合物５是一对Ｚ、Ｅ异构体．所有新化合物的结构都由波谱予以确定．本文对反应机理也作了推测．     

2-羟基4-甲氧基-5-胂酸基-苯乙酮的合成

以丹皮酚（paeonol)为原料，经胂化直接合成了2－羟基－4－甲氧基－5－胂酸基－苯乙酮，总收率为17．2％。     

1,3-二苯基-4-丁酰基-5-吡唑酮螯合剂的合成

为了改进稀土配合物发光材料的应用性能，合成了一种新的螯合剂１，３－二苯基－４－丁酰基－５－吡唑酮，它具有较大共轭平面和适当长度的碳链．通过元素分析，红外光谱和核磁共振谱提供了其结构表征数据．     

2-巯基-6-羟基-4,5-二氨基嘧啶合成过程中的简便鉴定方法

采用薄层层析法，选择两组展开剂（醋酸乙酯－石油醚和丙酮－异丙醇－氨水）对合成2－巯基－6－羟基－4，5－二氨基嘧啶的3步反应进行监测，提供了确定每步反应终点的便利方法。     

对-甲苯磺酸催化合成2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮

对－甲苯磺酸催化丙二酸和丙酮在乙酸酐中缩合反应制备了2，2－二甲基－1，3－二恶烷－4，6－二酮，反应温度28－30℃，操作简便、产品纯度高，产率高达75％。     

4-甲基咪唑基-5-亚甲基-β-丙氨酸铜配合物的合成及晶体结构

４－甲基咪唑基－５－亚甲基－β－丙氨酸铜配合物的合成及晶体结构龙腊生余小岚陈小明＊＊计亮年（中山大学化学与化学工程学院，广州５１０２７５）关键词合成，晶体结构，４－甲基咪唑基－５－亚甲基－β－丙氨酸，一维聚合物分类号Ｏ７４３．５３由于铜作为活性配位中...     

α-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-β-芳胺基丙烯腈的合成及生物活性

利用芳胺与中间体α－（1H－1，2，4-三唑－1－基）－β－芳胺基丙烯腈腈盐酸盐（2）的亲核取代反应，合成了一系列目标化合物α－（1H－1，2，4-三唑－1－基）－β－芳胺基丙烯腈（3a-3r)，所有化合物均经元素分析和^1H NMR确定，由^1H NMR分析结果推断为E式构型，初步生物活性测定结果表明，部分化合物有一定的杀菌活性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has