益寿调脂片对实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔血脂,一氧化 …

目的：观察益寿调脂片治疗用药对实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔血脂、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和过氧化脂质的影响。方法：将３２只新西兰兔随机分为正常组（８只）、造模组（２４只）。正常组喂普通饲料,造模组喂高脂饲料,８周后造模组再随机分为模型组、益寿调脂片治疗线（加服益寿调脂片、每只每天每ｋｇ体重４ｇ）,舒降之治疗组（加服舒降之,每只每天每ｋｇ体重２．５ｍｇ）。用药４周后,抽血测生化指标。结果：益寿调脂片能提高超氧化物     

益寿调脂片延缓衰老的实验研究

目的：观察益寿调地果蝇寿命影响及对衰老模型小鼠自由基代谢调整作用。方法：（１）采用１日龄黑腹果蝇,随机分为４组。基础培养基培２９ｄ后,其中３组分别予１００ｇ含０．１ｇ和０．２ｇ益旨片粉剂及１０ｍｇ绞股蓝总甙片粉剂的培养基,且仍饲以基础培养基。每天定时观察果蝇死亡数,直至全部死亡。（２）利用质量分数５％Ｄ－半乳糖皮下注射４０ｄ所致亚急性衰老模型小鼠,造模同时分别给予１％淀粉溶液（空白对照组、衰老模型     

实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔抗氧化活力观察

目的:研究自由基在动脉粥样硬化过程中的作用,建立家兔动脉粥样硬化模型. 方法:试验组随着TC、LDL-C的上升,LPO由 0.3上升到2.12ΔD233/ml是对照组的14倍.结果:TC、LOL-C与LPO呈正(r=0.69,r=0.67,P=0.05),LPO升高,造成SOD、GSH-PX逐渐下降.结论:检测LPO、SOD 、GSH-PX对心脑血管病诊断、疗效评估和愈后有重要意义.     

调脂剂对血小板、红细胞膜必需脂肪酸组成致动脉粥样硬化等因素影响的研究

该研究主要对原发性高脂血症者应用普拉固、力平脂、鱼油三种不同的血脂调节剂观察调脂疗效及各自特点,对血小板、红细胞膜必需脂肪酸,组成及致动脉粥样硬化的影响,有现实意义和一定的临床价值,为今后的研究奠定了基础,提供了一个新的有前景的研究方向.     

有氧运动对大鼠一氧化氮、一氧化氮合酶及血脂含量的影响

将40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为两组:对照组和运动组(n=20),运动组进行游泳训练8周(5 d/周,1.5 h/d),测定有氧运动对中年大鼠一氧化氮、一氧化氮合酶及血脂含量的变化及抗动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。与对照组相比,运动组NO含量明显升高,有显著性差异(p<0.05);主动脉NOS活性显著增强(++);血清TC、TG、TDL-C和动脉硬化指数AI降低,HDL-C提高,有极显著性差异(p<0.01)。结果表明运动可有效地增强大鼠主动脉内皮细胞的舒张功能,降低血脂水平,减轻脂类对血管内皮细胞的损害作用,从而提高血管系统对运动的适应能力,这可能是运动抗动脉粥样硬化的可能机制。     

调脂对高血压病患者降压疗效影响分析

探讨调脂药物对高血压病降压治疗效果的影响.方法抽取2003年本院高血压病住院降压治疗的病例60份,按降压治疗的同时是否进行调脂治疗而区分为调脂治疗组和非调脂治疗组两组.其中调脂治疗3个月以上为调脂治疗组病例入选标准.结果调脂治疗组的收缩压,舒张压,脉搏均低于非调脂组.结论在给予高血压病人实施降压治疗的同时,还应给予调脂治疗以改善血管内皮功能,防止或遏制动脉硬化发生或发展,提高临床治疗的综合疗效.     

魔芋胶对高脂小鼠血脂和抗氧化能力的影响

为研究魔芋胶对高脂小鼠血脂和抗氧化能力的影响,建立了高脂小鼠模型.设正常对照组、模型对照组及魔芋胶低、中、高剂量组.正常对照组常规饲养,模型对照组生理盐水0.5 mL/d灌胃,魔芋胶各剂量组分别以0.25,0.50和0.75 g.kg-1.d-1魔芋胶灌胃,连续30 d后,尾部取血,测定血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的含量;将小鼠处死,取心、肝、脑等组织,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,以及丙二醛(MDA)含量.正常对照组小鼠饮食饮水量显著高于其他组(P<0.01);魔芋胶中剂量组小鼠血清中TC含量低于模型对照组(P<0.05),正常对照组小鼠血清中LDL含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.01);与模型对照组相比,魔芋胶中剂量组小鼠肝脏中SOD活性及低、高剂量组小鼠脑中CAT活性显著升高(P<0.05),魔芋胶低、中剂量组小鼠脑中MDA含量显著低于模型对照组(P<0.05).说明魔芋胶对高脂小鼠具有降血脂和增强抗氧化能力的作用.     

唾液酸单体对兔红细胞钙调蛋白和脂质过氧化的影响

唾液酸是自然界存在量最大的带负电的碳水化合物，母体结构为9个碳原子组成的内环氨基糖，为研究唾液酸单体与在生物大分子中的唾液酸的相关性，寻找唾液酸的新生物途径，作者使用纯唾液酸单体5－乙酰神经氨酸，5－羟乙酰神经氨酸和唾液酸酶研究红细胞钙调蛋白和脂质过氧化作用，结果表明这二个唾液酸单体能抑制兔红细胞中的钙调蛋白和促进兔红细胞的脂质过氧化，二个唾液酸单体生物活性呈现浓度效应相关性，在等摩尔浓度下，5－羟 酰神经氨酸的作用较5－乙酰神经氨酸强2－4倍，相应地，用唾液酸酶降解兔红细胞膜上的唾液酸大分子到单体也使抑制钙调蛋白活性，因此，作者认为唾液酸单体在机体中也有生物活性，它们从生物大分子中游离下来能改变生物活性，唾液酸5（N（）位置可能与其生物活性相关。     

血府逐瘀汤对动脉粥样硬化大鼠细胞间黏附分子和脂质过氧化物的影响

为探讨血府逐瘀汤对动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)大鼠主动脉壁细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达水平和脂质过氧化物的影响,将40只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、血脂康组、血府逐瘀汤高剂量组、血府逐瘀汤低剂量组,对照组饲喂正常饲料,模型组给予高脂饲料,治疗组在给予高脂饲料的同时给予治疗药物,12周后免疫组化法观察主动脉壁ICAM-1的表达水平、检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量.结果显示:模型组ICAM-1的表达水平呈强阳性表达,治疗组各组均呈弱阳性表达,各组间均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗组SOD水平较模型组显著升高,MDA含量显著降低,各组间均有统计学意义(P<0.05).这说明血府逐瘀汤可以通过下调ICAM-1的表达,清除脂质过氧化物、保护内皮细胞起到抗AS的作用.     

糖尿病大鼠血清一氧化氮浓度的变化

目的 :观察不同病程糖尿病大鼠血清一氧化氮 (NO)浓度变化 ,探讨糖尿病大鼠血清NO变化的规律和意义。方法 :建立链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型 ,分别在第 2、7、12周 3个时期取血清 ,葡萄糖酶法测定血清葡萄糖 ,硝酸还原酶法测定血清NO含量。结果 :(1)血糖变化　对照组各时期血糖值维持在正常水平 ;糖尿病组大鼠各时期血糖均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )血清NO浓度变化　对照组各时期血清NO浓度无显著性差异 ;糖尿病组大鼠 2周时血清NO浓度明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;7周、12周时糖尿病组大鼠血清NO浓度恢复到正常水平 ,与对照组相比无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :NO是糖尿病发生的重要因子之一 ,但可能与血糖的调节无关。     

牦牛血清和组织中一氧化氮合成酶活性的测定

对生活在海拔4300多m玛多牦牛和3500m左右循化牦牛血清和肝、肺、肾、心肌、骨骼肌中的一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性进行了测定,结果分别为:(28 21±2 99)U/mL和(24 35±4 64)U/mL,(2 05±0 70)U/mgprot和(2 55±0 58)U/mgprot,(0 98±0 56)U/mgprot和(1 52±0 40)U/mgprot,(0 72±0 35)U/mgprot和(1 61±0 57)U/mgprot,(0 73±0 46)U/mgprot和(0 70±0 21)U/mgprot,(1 10±0 73)U/mgprot和(0 66±0 33)U/mgprot。     

大鼠颅脑冷冻伤后一氧化氮的变化及其对脑水肿的影响

目的：探讨脑冷冻性损伤后一氧化氮(NO)与脑水肿的关系及其对脑水肿的影响。方法：建立大鼠脑冷冻伤脑水肿模型，测定伤后伤侧脑组织水的质量分数和颈静脉血NO量，并应用一氧化氮合酶(NOS)抑制剂进行治疗。结果：伤后伤侧颈静脉血NO浓度增加，但随着脑水肿的加重，NO浓度呈进行性下降。应用NOS抑制剂可以有效减少脑组织水的质量分数。结论：NO与创伤性脑水肿的发生和发展密切相关，NOS抑制剂也许可以用于治疗脑水肿。     

Rearrangements of microtubule cytoskeleton in stomatal closure of Arabidopsis induced by nitric oxide

NO (nitric oxide), known as a key signal molecule in plant, plays important roles in regulation of stomatal movement. In this study, microtubule dynamics and its possible mechanism in the NO signal pathway were investigated. The results were as follows: (i) In vivo stomatal aperture assays revealed that both vinblastine (microtubule-disrupting drug) and SNP (exogenous NO donor) prevented stomatal opening in the light, and vinblastine even could enhance the inhibitory effect of SNP, whereas taxol (a microtubule-stabilizing agent) was able to reduce this effect; (ii) microtubules in the opening Arabi- dopsis guard cells expressing GFP:α-tubulin-6 (AtGFP:α-tubulin-6) were organized in parallel, straight and dense bundles, radiating from the ventral side to the dorsal side, and most of them were localized perpendicularly to the ventral wall; (iii) under the same environmental conditions, treated with SNP for 30 min, the radial arrays of microtubules in guard cells began to break down, twisted partially and be- came oblique or exhibited a random pattern; (iv) furthermore, the involvement of cytosolic Ca2 in this event was tested. Stomatal aperture assays revealed that BAPTA-AM (a chelator of Ca2 ) greatly sup- pressed the effect of NO on stomatal closure; however, it did not show the same function on stomatal closure induced by vinblastine. When BAPTA-AM was added to the SNP-pretreated solution, the SNP-induced disordered microtubulue cytoskeleton in guard cells underwent rearrangement in a time-dependent manner. After 30 min of treatment with BAPTA-AM, the cortical microtubules resumed the original radial distribution, almost the same as the control. All this indicates that NO may promote rearrangement of microtubule cytoskeleton via elevation of [Ca2 ]cyt (free Ca2 concentration in the cy- toplasm), finally leading to stomatal closure.     

Influence of cosmic radiation on lymphocyte micronucleus, serum lipid peroxide and antioxidation capacity in aircrew members

This study looks into the influence of cosmic radiation at high altitudes on human bodies. Results reveal that the cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) and conventional cultured micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum levels of lipid peroxide, Superoxide dismutase, and the total antioxidation capacity by chemical colorimetry all increased significantly in aircrew members. There exists a linear relationship between the CBMN and the average annual effective doses of radiation received or the average annual flying hours. With both of them, a trend shows that the serum lipid peroxide levels increase as well. Either the lipid peroxide or CBMN can sensitively reflect the recent changes in flight load. These findings indicate that cosmic radiation impairs the stability of chromosomes and genome, and induces lipid oxidative damage in aircrews; Lymphocyte CBMN and serum lipid peroxide can be used as monitoring indicators in the cosmic radiation protection for aircrew members.     

Influence of magnetic field on nitric oxide and neuropeptide Y in rat adrenal gland

We have investigated the effects of magnetic fields on nitric acid (NO) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) on adrenal glands of the rat using NO nitric acid reductase-spectrophotometry ↭d histochemistry techniques. We found that all cellular layers of the adrenal cortex, including zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis were stained by NADPH-d, and some chromaffin cells of the medulla were positive for NPY. Furthermore, magnetic fields increased NO so strongly that high NO levels could be maintained for several hours, as well as some neuroganglion cells in medulla that were double-stained for NPY and NADPH-d. Our data showed that the magnetic field can regulate endocrine and neuroendocrine directly by some action on parenchyma cells, or indirectly by action to NO-ergic, NPY-ergic neurons in the adrenal gland.     

牦牛血清转铁蛋白对人红细胞膜氧化损伤的保护作用

牦牛血清中分离纯化的转铁蛋白对人红细胞膜的抗氧化具有保护作用 .方法 :采用黄嘌呤 /黄嘌呤氧化酶、Fe2 + /H2 O2 两个体系产生的O·2 -、OH·对红细胞膜造成氧化损伤 ,通过丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性的测定研究牦牛转铁蛋白在抗氧化方面的作用与机制 .结果 :O·2 -和OH·可以造成红细胞膜丙二醛量的显著增加 ,超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性的下降 .当适量不同浓度牦牛血清转铁蛋白在黄嘌呤 /黄嘌呤氧化酶、Fe2 + /H2 O2 两个体系前处理可以抑制丙二醛的产生 ,保护红细胞膜免受丙二醛的氧化损伤并且使超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性升高 .提示 ,牦牛血清转铁蛋白对O·2 -和OH·自由基引起的氧化损伤有保护作用     

Effects of niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lungs exposed to silica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of niacin in diet on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat lungs of the animal model of silicosis established by direct tracheal instillation of silica particles into rat lungs surgically. The niacin concentration in serum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in paraffin-embedded lung sections was determined by streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) staining. Quantitative analysis by Image-Pro Plus was also performed on the expression of iNOS. The results showed that niacin concentration in serum of the niacin-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control and silica-treated rats. After 7 days of silica instillation, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) in rat lungs and total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silica-treated rats rose by 273420.75, 2.61 units/mL and 1.89 units/mL respectively, when compared with those in the control rats. Niacin treatment significantly reduced silica-induced iNOS IOD in rat lung tissues and total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248292.35, 1.50 units/mL and 0.91 units/mL, respectively, as compared with those in silica-treated rats. Therefore, niacin can effectively attenuate the pathological expression of NOS in rat lung tissues induced by silica particles.     

运动对肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗、血清瘦素及饮食量的影响

文章通过对肥胖大鼠进行10周的饮食监测以及游泳运动减肥,观察运动对肥胖大鼠饮食量和胰岛素抵抗、血清瘦素指标的影响。研究结果表明,一定时间的有规律运动不仅能对肥胖大鼠的饮食量产生一定的抑制作用,而且使得肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗指数和血清瘦素水平得到了有效降低。