PCR法制备地高辛标记探针斑点杂交检测白斑综合症病毒（WSSV）

用PCR法成功制备了DIG标记探针,探针长度为547bp,探针的产量为21．6mg/μL。此探针与随机引物合成探针检测样品灵敏度相近。用此探针核酸斑点杂交法检测了54尾中国对虾。结果表明：此探针在对白斑综合症病毒的检测、对虾暴发性流行病的诊断等方面具有很高的应用价值。     

用生物素标记核酸探针检测鼠金黄色葡萄球菌的研究

利用聚合酶链反应技术从金黄色葡萄球菌基因组DNA中扩增出 6 78bp耐热核酸酶nuc基因特异性片段 ,经生物素标记后作为核酸斑点杂交试验的探针 ,对实验动物的金黄色葡萄球菌及其临床样品进行了检测。结果显示 ,标记探针与金黄色葡萄球菌DNA呈杂交阳性 ,而与链球菌、大肠埃希氏菌和巴氏杆菌DNA呈杂交阴性 ,斑点杂交的检测灵敏度为 1pg基因组DNA。用斑点杂交试验和PCR对 2 4 0份临床样品进行了检测 ,检出率为 2 9% (7 2 4 0 ) ,符合率为 10 0 %。这些试验结果表明 ,研究制备的核酸探针及建立的斑点杂交试验具有较高的特异性和敏感性 ,可用于实验动物金黄色葡萄球菌的快速检测     

应用光敏生物素探针检测杂交瘤及细胞中的小鼠白血病病毒

采用ＢａｍＨＩ酶切和琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术，从重组质粒ＰｓＦｌｌ中回收５ｋｂ小鼠白血病病毒（ＭｕＬＶ）ＤＮＡ片段，经光敏生物素标记后制备ＤＮＡ探针，以斑点杂交法检测杂交瘤细胞、ＭｃＡｂ纯品以及ＳＰ２／０细胞中的ＭｕＬｖ。结果表明：此探针灵敏度可达２５ｐｇ，特异性好，在被检测的１３株杂交瘤细胞和２株ＳＰ２／０细胞中分别查出５株和１株为ＭｕＬｖ阳性，ＭｃＡｂ纯品中未发现ＭｕＬｖ。     

用复制酶基因cDNA探针检测表达病毒外壳蛋白基因马…

利用马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰＬＲＶ）复制酶基因３＇端长约６００ｂｐ的ｃＤＮＡ，用缺口平移方法进行＾３２Ｐ同位素标记，制备成ｃＤＮＡ探针，通过核酸斑点杂交，对提纯的马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰＬＲＶ）、病毒ＲＮＡ、ＰＬＲＶ感染的马铃薯汁液，表达ＰＬＲＶ ＣＰ基因的马铃薯叶片及块茎芽进行了检测。结果表明，＾３２Ｐ标记的复制酶基因ｃＤＮＡ探针特异性强、灵敏度高。可测得提纯病毒的最低含量为４０８ｎｇ／ｍｌ，病毒ＲＮＡ最低     

甘蔗SPSⅢ内含子地高辛探针的制备及检测

以甘蔗SPS基因选择性剪接保留的内含子6,7,8片段为靶序列,利用PCR扩增技术分别制备出3种地高辛标记的SPS内含子探针:SPS-intron 6探针167 bp,SPS-intron 7探针93 bp和SPS-intron8探针175 bp,并通过斑点杂交实验表明这3种探针灵敏度高,都能检测到pg级的靶核酸,且特异性好,阴性对照实验显示无杂交信号.     

Detection of PSTVd with a New Nonradioactive Method──Digoxigenin Labeled cDNA Probe

使用非放射性标记ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｎｉｎ标记的１１－ｄＵＴＰ取代３２Ｐ标记的ｄＡＴＰ或ｄＣＴＰ进行核酸斑点杂交检测马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒（ＰＳＴＶｄ）．结果表明，ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｎｉｎ标记具有灵敏度高，操作简单快捷，无放射性污染等优点．可检出含有ＰＳＴＶｄ的马铃薯叶片汁液最大稀释度及含有ＰＳＴＶｄ全序列的质粒ＤＮＡ的最小量分别为１３００和１０ｐｇ．同时该探针也用于检测了不同马铃薯品种及ＴＰＳ亲本中的ＰＳＴＶｄ感染情况，结果显示，其中一些品种及ＴＰＳ亲本已不同程度的被ＰＳＴＶｄ感染．     

胎球蛋白—胶体金探针的制备

本文用柠檬酸钠还原法制备胶体金，以光吸收法和琼脂糖电泳法检测胎球蛋白－胶体金探针的稳定性，为胶体金探针的制备探索最佳条件。实验结果表明：ｐＨ在２～３．５时，探针稳定性较差；ｐＨ在５～１０时，需要较少量胎球蛋白即可获得稳定探针，在电场中也可稳定存在，ｐＨ在６～１０之间探针的电泳行为相似。实验表明，琼脂糖电泳有可望成为鉴定和分离胶体金探针的简易途径。     

用长臂光敏生物素标记的cDNA探针核酸斑点杂交检测马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒

用长臂光敏生物素标记含有马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒（Ｐｏｔａｔｏｓｐｉｎｄｌｅｔｕｂｅｒｖｉｒｏｉｄ，ＰＳＴＶｄ）双拷贝ｃＤＮＡ的重组质粒ｐＳＴ－Ｂ１４，制备成光敏生物素标记ｃＤＮＡ探针，用核酸斑点杂交检测感染ＰＳＴＶｄ的马铃薯叶片和块茎提取物均出现较强的阳性杂交信号，而健康马铃薯为阴性．试验结果表明：光敏生物素标记ｃＤＮＡ探针检测感染ＰＳＴＶｄ的马铃薯叶片汁液最高稀释度为１１２８     

多探针冷冻外科冻结过程分析

用有限元方法对建立在焓法基础上的多探针冷冻条件下组织冻结过程进行理论分析，计算结果与文献中实验测量结果符合较好，证明了方法的可行性．对单探针、双探针和三探针组合的组织冻结过程进一步比较分析表明，在相同的降温条件下，单探针外冰球直径为12mm时，双探针和三探针分别达到20mm和21．5mm．组织内达到的最低温度分别为-12℃(单探针)，-49℃(双探针)，-88℃(三探针)。但在多探针平行放置时，冰球的上下端中心会出现温度较高的等温线凹；y方向温度梯度增大，而探针间x方向的温度分布则更均匀。     

蛋白质光谱探针研究进展

蛋白质分析是生命科学研究中的重要课题。蛋白质内源紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱可以用于蛋白质分析，但其灵敏度不能满足微量分析的要求。蛋白质光谱探针（包括金属离子、有机试剂和金属络合物）能够与蛋白质相互作用生成超分子复合物并引起体系光谱信号的变化，由此可以提供蛋白质含量或结构方面的信息。根据光分析方法的不同，蛋白质光谱探针可以分为吸光探针、荧光探针和光散射探针3类。本文中，笔者综述了蛋白质光谱探针的研究进展，讨论了发展趋势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that