软组织非线性物理建模及其参数测定

对现有虚拟手术中人体软组织建模方法进行了分析,针对目前软组织建模真实性还有待提高的问题,提出了一种新的软组织建模方法.首先,在引入体弹簧质点模型的基础上,利用生物力学方法建立了适合软组织力学仿真的模型.然后通过非线性超弹性应变能方程对弹簧力建模,并根据真实肝脏软组织物理特性的测量结果求解模型参数,得到基于物理特性的软组织模型.通过实验验证,该方法在提升虚拟手术触觉沉浸感方面具有可行性和有效性.     

一种用于力觉再现的柔性体变形仿真弹簧-质点模型

提出一种新型的在虚拟现实中可实现的弹簧-质点力/变形模型.它按质点连接顺序划分层次,以受力网格为第1层,构建类似同心环状的弹簧-质点系统.施力刚体以点接触的方式与柔性体进行力交互作用.运用虚功原理,结合施力刚体与受力柔性体组成的系统中虚拟力和质点位移的关系,区别于以往对局部变形的研究,对柔性体进行全局变形分析.柔性体变形是整个柔性体表面质点在力平衡条件下位移变化累加的结果.利用DELTA 手控器对柔性体的接触变形以及实时虚拟力反馈进行仿真,实验表明所提出的方法适用于柔性体的力反馈计算,满足精细作业对虚拟现实系统的要求.     

基于弹簧-质点模型的动态织物仿真技术

针对织物物理建模的计算效率和稳定性问题,提出基于约束的织物弹簧一质点模型。以简单几何实体球和圆柱为例,说明处理织物可变形体与环境对象碰撞的总体策略,结合实体碰撞对物理模拟流程进行总结性描述。同时,本文还提出了与已有建模方法进行了改进,即该模型并不包含对内力和质点速度项的显式计算,从而大大减少了计算量,在保证系统稳定性的前提下,较好的提高了计算效率。     

民族特需品数字化展示中的水面模拟方法——基于质点弹簧模型

提出了一种基于质点弹簧模型的快速可交互的实时水面模拟方法。使用虚拟弹簧按照四边形连接规则将组成水面几何结构的点连接起来;为模拟质点间相对运动引起的阻力,引入内摩擦系数和速度衰减系数,水面的受力运动模型中质点的运动规律遵循质点弹簧运动规律;水面渲染时,借助Cg着色语言实现水面的反射和折射;通过简化物理碰撞规则,实现了对雨滴与水面交互的加速处理。实验表明,交互时帧率达到60fps,且真实感强,可以明显提高民族特需品的数字化展示效果。     

基于改进质点-弹簧模型的图像变形仿真方法

为了满足仿真系统中对仿真的实时性和视觉效果上的真实性要求,提出了一种改进的质点-弹簧模型,采用传统的质点-弹簧模型与虚拟弹簧共同表征图像的表面,利用Verlet数值积分更新图像变形期间的质点位置,使用双线性插值技术实时绘制出动态变形的效果.在OpenGL环境下对改进的3D质点一弹簧模型进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明所提模型能逼真地模拟出图像变形的效果.     

简化质点弹簧模型在牙龈变形仿真中的应用

在分析常用建模方法的基础上,采用简化质点弹簧系统的物理建模技术,研究了简化质点弹簧系统的动力学方程及方程组的求解.根据STL文件牙齿模型的特点给出了简化质点弹簧系统的数据结构,并通过渗透深度来控制计算量和准确度.实验表明,该变形模型能实时计算描述动态变形过程,达到了较好的仿真显示效果.     

索杆铰接式伸展臂柔性索变形仿真

对索杆铰接式伸展臂中的柔性索部件进行仿真模拟,采用传统弹簧质点模型方法建立绳索模型,将此三维网格模型作为标量场,通过改变三角网格所对应的梯度场和散度,并利用泊松方程在Eigen以及OpenGL的支持下实现柔性索的模拟变形。针对弹簧质点模型受到弹簧长度制约而导致的绳索不连续情况进行优化提高仿真效果,具备实时的仿真交互能力。实验结果表明,柔性索的模拟变形仿真具有较好的细节效果,能够更加平滑的模拟柔性索,并且在数值计算上更加精确。     

基于虚拟现实技术的自由降落式救生艇培训系统

分析自由降落式救生艇虚拟培训系统的功能需求,设计单人与虚拟人间、多人间的两种协同工作方式;建立吊艇臂的运动数学模型,模拟吊艇臂与液压顶柱之间的关联运动;应用并改进经典的质点-弹簧系统模型,较逼真地模拟了救生艇中不同材料柔性绳索的运动效果;应用三维建模软件和Unity3D引擎构建火灾、大风浪天气以及沉船等海上场景,可模拟救生演习的一系列过程.研发的自由降落式救生艇虚拟培训系统运行稳定,培训效果良好.     

基于物理约束的玉米叶片建模方法

植物真实感建模与仿真不仅是现代农业科学与植物学领域面临的难点问题之一,也是计算机应用与虚拟现实技术领域的研究热点.而玉米是我国乃至世界范围内重要粮食作物,玉米叶片建模是现代农业虚拟植物领域中面临的重要问题.本文提出一种基于物理约束的玉米叶片三维建模方法,主要针对玉米叶片褶皱特征,建立基于质点弹簧系统的物理约束模型,并提取特征参数建立一种自适应物理约束机制,生成具有复杂形态的玉米叶片模型,并且通过一系列特征参数调控和特征点约束实现一种交互式玉米叶片建模机制,最后基于偏微分方程曲面建模方法构建真实感玉米叶片三维模型,并集成开发相应软件原型系统.结果表明,本文方法以一种自适应机制有效、高效生成具有一定真实感效果的玉米叶片模型,少量参数控制的建模方式使自动化生成大规模玉米三维群体模型成为可能,为虚拟植物领域建模应用提供可用的技术参考和方法工具.     

柔性体碰撞阻尼模型的适用性分析

用理论和实验相结合的方法研究柔性梁和刚性球正碰撞过程中2种碰撞阻尼模型的适用性.基于Euler Bernoulli假设,考虑几何非线性,用绝对节点坐标法建立了平面柔性梁的动力学模型.用非线性弹簧阻尼模型建立了柔性多体系统的碰撞动力学方程;在考虑局部残余变形的前提下,用弹塑性模型建立了柔性多体系统的碰撞动力学方程,将碰撞过程分3个阶段（弹性碰撞,弹塑性碰撞,弹性恢复）进行分析.设计了柔性梁和刚性球的碰撞实验,将仿真计算与实验数据对比.结果表明,弹塑性模型更适用于碰撞分析.
     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has