制取针状焦原料的研究

研究了沥青经溶剂处理制取针状焦原料的适宜条件,得出了芳脂比、溶剂比与精制沥青的QI含量和收率的关系。为利用煤沥青制取针状焦原料提供了有参考价值的基础数据。     

抗溶剂沉淀沥青质过程相态及相平衡研究

以辽河减压渣油为原料、汽油为溶剂、丙烷为抗溶剂，在温度50-100℃、压力3.0-5.0MPa及抗溶剂比为1.0-2.5的条件下，在RUSKA-2370-601高压无汞双釜PVT相平衡仪装置上对抗溶剂沉淀沥青质的相态进行了研究，考察了温度、抗溶剂比与压力对沥青质沉淀过程的相态变化、脱沥青油收率及质量的影响。研究结果表明，升高温度、增大抗溶剂比及降低压力，都能降低轻相密度、轻相中脱沥青油的含量、脱沥青油的收率与残炭值，同时使脱沥青油中饱和分含量增加，并改善脱沥青油的质量。     

抗溶剂沉淀沥青质过程相态及相平衡研究

以辽河减压渣油为原料、汽油为溶剂、丙烷为抗溶剂 ,在温度 5 0～ 10 0℃、压力 3.0～ 5 .0MPa及抗溶剂比为 1.0～ 2 .5的条件下 ,在RUSKA 2 370 6 0 1高压无汞双釜PVT相平衡仪装置上对抗溶剂沉淀沥青质的相态进行了研究 ,考察了温度、抗溶剂比与压力对沥青质沉淀过程的相态变化、脱沥青油收率及质量的影响。研究结果表明 ,升高温度、增大抗溶剂比及降低压力 ,都能降低轻相密度、轻相中脱沥青油的含量、脱沥青油的收率与残炭值 ,同时使脱沥青油中饱和分含量增加 ,并改善脱沥青油的质量。     

空气氧化对煤沥青性质及组成的影响

以溶剂萃取脱除原生喹啉不溶物(PQI)的低温煤沥青为原料,在常压下100~200℃范围内通过空气氧化对其进行改性,制备用于炭素材料生产的低QI浸渍剂沥青。主要研究了氧化温度、氧化时间、空气流量对沥青性质和族组成的影响规律。结果表明,随着氧化强度的增加,改质沥青的收率逐渐减少,而其软化点和结焦值则逐渐增加。特别注意到,在热氧化反应过程中,原料沥青中的甲苯可溶物(TS)仅转化为甲苯不溶-喹啉可溶物(TI-QS),而几乎未转化为喹啉不溶物(QI),且TI-QS含量随氧化深度的增加而增加。     

广西田东膨润土提纯试验

以广西田东钙基膨润土为原料进行提纯试验,研究了液固比、离心转速、离心时间及温度对膨润土提纯效果的影响。实验结果表明,广西田东膨润土提纯的最佳条件为:液固比为12、离心转速为2 500 r/min、离心时间为9min、温度为40℃。最佳提纯条件下蒙脱石含量可以提高到93%以上。     

乙醇─水间歇萃取精馏中溶剂流率的选择及溶剂回收的研究

研究了以乙二醇为溶剂间歇萃取精馏乙醇—水共沸混合物的溶剂流率选择及回收过程.实验得出,乙醇—水体系的相对挥发度随溶剂比的增加而显著增大,水—乙二醇过渡馏分段持续时间很短,在该段时间会出现塔顶温度急剧跃升的现象;当回流比为2:1时,溶剂回收的收率可达到99.33%.     

采用对甲苯磺酸催化研磨法合成苯甲醛缩苯胺衍生物

在对甲苯磺酸催化下,将芳香醛与芳胺于室温下研磨可得较高收率的苯甲醛缩苯胺衍生物,通过单因素实验研究研磨时间、对甲苯磺酸用量及取代基类型对缩合反应的影响。研究结果表明采用对甲苯磺酸催化研磨法合成苯甲醛缩苯胺衍生物最佳工艺条件是:芳香醛、芳胺、对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为100:100:3,反应温度为室温,研磨时间为1~3 min,在此条件下,反应收率可达86.5%~95.5%,比采用溶剂回流法和常规研磨法所得收率有显著提高,而且反应时间减少0.5%;芳醛环上取代基对反应无影响,但芳胺环上邻、对位的强吸电子基抑制反应的进行;与传统方法相比,对甲苯磺酸催化研磨法具有反应时间短、条件温和、操作简单、收率高等优点,为同类化合物的合成提供了一个简便而有效的方法。     

乙醇-水间歇萃取精馏中溶剂流率的选择及溶剂回收的研究

研究了以乙二醇为溶剂间歇萃取精馏乙醇-水共沸混合物的溶剂流率选择及回收过程．实验得出,乙醇-水体系的相对挥发度随溶剂比的增加而显著增大,水-乙二醇过渡馏分段持续时间很短．在该段时间会出现塔顶温度急剧跃升的现象;当回流比为2：1时,溶剂回收的收率可达到99．33％。     

克拉玛依渣油悬浮床加氢尾油的溶剂处理方法

对克拉玛依渣油悬浮床加氢尾油在溶剂存在条件下进行的离心分离结果表明 ,该方法可以有效地分离尾油中的焦炭和固体物质 ,降低尾油的残炭值 ,改善尾油的性质 ,其结果优于自然沉降和尾油的直接离心沉降。对操作条件的考察表明 ,所用溶剂的芳烃含量越低 ,对尾油中固体物质、沥青质和重胶质的脱除率越高 ,处理后尾油的残炭值越低 ;剂油比越大 ,对沥青质、重胶质脱除的选择性越好 ,处理后尾油的残炭值越低。用低芳烃含量溶剂处理后的尾油作为悬浮床加氢裂化的循环油 ,可以得到较高的裂化转化率 ,其生焦量也较低     

转盘塔内糠醛精制润滑油过程研究

针对糠醛、润滑油体系的特点，研究了转盘转速，溶剂比和精制温度对润滑油精制结果的影响，得出了优化的操作组合条件，通过对实验数据的关联拟合，得出了润滑油粘度指数和收率随操作因素变化的无因次关联式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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