P-M扩散方程图像去噪方法分析

目的 对P-M扩散方程图像去噪方法的原理及参数选取问题进行分析.方法 通过傅立叶变换法和图像特征方向的正交坐标系方法.结果 该方法比从P-M扩散方程本身出发讨论其去噪原理更为直观.结论 为P-M扩散方程图像去噪的参数选取提供了理论依据.     

Riemann问题基于双激波近似的激波捕捉格式

Riem ann问题迭代求解的计算量很大 ,为了提高效率 ,减小计算量 ,提出一种 Riemann问题的近似解法。把Riem ann问题中的膨胀波看成是“膨胀激波”,认为左右状态之间存在由两个激波围成的相似解区域。该方法的优点是保留了 Riem ann问题的非线性特征 ,且保证左右波之间的自相似解区域的熵不减少。该方法在一维及多维无粘可压缩流动求解中取得了较好的结果。     

内燃机进排气管有限容积法一维非定常流模拟

应用有限容积法对发动机排气管系中的气体流动作模拟计算．该方法是以往一维非定常流动计算方法的进一步发展．与特征线法相比,具有计算稳定、质量流量误差小等优点．文中对该方法的模型作了简述,并以８Ｌ２４０Ｚ四冲程柴油机为例,进行了模拟计算,包括：发动机的性能参数、排气管系的压力波动情况、质量流量误差等．计算结果表明,该模拟方法具有较高的计算精度     

小型二冲程汽油机排气动力过程的计算机模拟

根据非定常气体流动理论,建立了二冲程汽油机排气动力过程的数学模型,并用特征线法对其进行了模拟计算,压力波的数值解析结果与实测结果比较吻合,表明所用模型和计算方法正确,可用于指导设计二冲程汽油机的排气动力效应系统.     

轴对称收-扩喷管内外流场一体化数值模拟

基于求解Navier-Stokes方程组对某航空发动机的轴对称固定几何收-扩喷管进行了六种工况的内外流场一体化数值模拟,计算出了喷管的流量系数和推力系数。结果表明,收-扩喷管超音速射流,在地面工况下表现为过膨胀特征,在高空不同工况下表现为欠膨胀特征,形成了复杂的激波系和膨胀波系。在欠膨胀状态,随着落压比的增大,喷管的流量系数无明显变化,但推力系数显著减小。另外,从理论解出发,计算了前面各种工况的喷管出口气动性能参数,并与数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。     

螺旋式气波制冷机结构参数匹配数值研究

结合理论分析和数值计算，对螺旋式气波制冷机中的核心结构——波转子，进行了结构敏感性分析.首先，根据波转子内激波与膨胀波等波系的流动，建立螺旋式波转子的理想波图，由此揭示波转子内能量传递与气体流动规律.在此基础上给出一维螺旋式波转子结构设计方法，该方法具有一定精度，可以用于指导螺旋式气波制冷机设计.接下来建立螺旋式压力振荡管的数值模型，研究波转子垂直长度、螺旋长度以及螺旋导程对其效率的影响，并提出最优螺旋导程的拟合方程.最后，建立螺旋式气波制冷机整机模型，对比不同螺旋导程下的等熵制冷效率.结果表明，对一定垂直长度的波转子来说，随着螺旋导程的增大，等熵制冷效率先增大后减小，与拟合方程结果相符.经过螺旋最优化的波转子等熵制冷效率高于同垂直长度的均直型波转子，提高值可达13%.     

Wave rotors used for expansion refrigeration technology

波转子是一种利用通道内压力气体接触时产生的各种气波运动实现能量转换的非定常流动设备.提出了一种新型的四端口返流波转子制冷机——压力交换制冷机,并利用一维非定常流动理论和计算流体力学方法分析了其工作过程和制冷原理,得到了该设备正常工作的基本限制条件;实验研究了影响压力交换制冷机的各种因素.目前该机实验室等熵效率已达68%,表明在气体膨胀制冷领域将波转子用于制冷技术前景看好.     

任意挠曲通道中正交曲线网格的构筑

运用微分几何的方法将有向正则空间的Ｆｒｅｎｅｔ标架旋转，改善中心流线ｃ－坐标系的斜交性，从而在任意挠率与曲率非零的三维通道中构造出具有严格局部正交性的ｃ－α曲线坐标系，采用该坐标系的等坐标参数线即构成正交计算网格，从而为简化流动方程、考察二次流及分析计算结果创造了条件     

膨胀波枪炮发射原理数值建模与分析

对于新近问世的膨胀波枪炮,提出了其发射过程的四阶段物理模型,采用准一维准两相流理论建立了其发射过程动力学模型,以14.5 mm膨胀波弹道枪为对象进行了数值仿真计算,将计算结果与普通闭膛枪炮的内弹道过程进行了对比,得出了膨胀波枪炮发射中的各种特征参量变化规律以及膛尾打开时刻等关键参数.计算表明:14.5 mm膨胀波弹道枪在基本不降低枪炮初速的前提下能减少59%的后坐动量.     

小型二冲程汽油机排气压力波的计算

建立小型二冲程汽油机非常排气流动的数学模型，给出用特征线法解排气压力波的计算实例。在计算过程中通过迭代不断修正特征线的位置，提高了数值解的精度。计算结果与结果相当吻合。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with