冲击式采煤机冲击部摩擦问题的研究

胶合、咬死现象是高速、重载滑动摩擦副常见失效形式之一。通过对冲击式采煤机冲击部摩擦副之间的胶合失效机理和受力分析研究,提出一些改进措施。     

含磨屑粗糙表面接触滑动摩擦副温度场的计算

接触温度是评价摩擦副工作性能好坏的一个重要因素,对粗糙表面、特别是含磨屑粗糙表面接触温度场求解尚缺乏深入研究。介绍了粗糙表面及含磨屑粗糙表面线接触滑动摩擦副接触温度场的求解过程及方法,分析了光滑表面、粗糙表面及含磨屑粗糙表面接触温度场分布,探讨了表面接触温度对滑动摩擦副胶合及咬死的影响。结果表明：粗糙表面温度场较光滑接触表面温度场有明显的提高,在粗糙度影响系数的０．１、０．５时,接触区温度分别增加     

微晶二氧化硅粉体添加剂的抗磨减摩作用

为研究微晶SiO2粉体添加剂的抗磨减摩作用,采用微晶SiO2矿物粉体作为润滑油添加剂,利用AMSLER摩擦磨损试验机研究45#钢摩擦副在添加剂润滑油润滑下的摩擦学特性.磨损后钢环表面的形貌和成分通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪进行分析.结果显示:以微晶SiO2粉体为添加剂润滑时在摩擦副表面形成一层陶瓷保护层.相比基础油,在微晶SiO2添加剂润滑油润滑条件下,摩擦副的接触状态由金属之间的摩擦磨损转化为自修复膜层之间的摩擦磨损.添加剂润滑油较基础油润滑条件下的摩擦系数大.摩擦磨损过程中自修复膜层的形成,隔离了金属摩擦副的直接接触,降低了试样磨损失重,具有良好的耐磨性能.     

含磨屑粗糙表面接触滑动摩擦副温度场的计算

接触温度是评价摩擦副工作性能好坏的一个重要因素 ,长期以来 ,人们对粗糙表面、特别是含磨屑粗糙表面接触温度场求解缺乏深入研究。本文介绍了粗糙表面及含磨屑粗糙表面线接触滑动摩擦副接触温度场的求解过程及方法 ,分析了光滑表面、粗糙表面及含磨屑粗糙表面接触温度场分布 ,探讨了表面接触温度对滑动摩擦副胶合及咬死的影响。结果表明 :粗糙表面温度场较光滑接触表面温度场有明显的提高 ,在粗糙度影响系数为 0 .1、0 .5时 ,接触区温度分别增加 14 %和 10 3% ;磨屑着床后 ,接触区局部温度将进一步升高。对于4 5#钢滑动副 ,考虑局部表面膜破裂后 ,磨屑着床点温度可以达到滑动副材料的熔焊温度。     

多库酯类离子液体作为基础油添加剂对镁合金的润滑性能研究

目的 将5种多库酯类离子液体作为非极性基础油液体石蜡(LP)和极性基础油聚乙二醇(PEG400)的添加剂,研究其作为钢/镁合金摩擦副润滑剂的摩擦学性能,并分析润滑作用机理.方法采用离子交换法合成离子液体添加剂,并利用SRV-V微动振动摩擦磨损试验机、三维表面轮廓仪考察其摩擦学性能,采用X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和石英晶体微天平对润滑作用机制进行探究.结果 5种多库酯类离子液体作为添加剂具有良好的减摩抗磨性能;添加量为1% 可以有效改善基础油LP的摩擦学性能,而离子液体作为基础油PEG400添加剂在3% 含量可以起到一定的减摩抗磨效果;XPS结果表明在摩擦过程中润滑剂与镁合金表面发生了摩擦化学反应,形成了MgO ,Mg3 (PO4 )2和MgSO4等物质的摩擦化学反应膜.结论 多库酯类离子液体作为非极性基础油LP和极性基础油PEG400的添加剂,均可以改善其对钢/镁合金摩擦副的润滑性能,且物理吸附膜和摩擦化学反应膜共同决定了其润滑性能.     

多重碳纳米材料对润滑脂减摩性能的影响

将还原氧化石墨烯和碳纳米管亲油改性后获得的改性还原氧化石墨烯(Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide,MR-GO)和改性碳纳米管(Modified Carbon Nanotubes,M-CNT),经复配后分别加入基础脂中.选用红外光谱仪等设备表征了纳米粒子改性结果,采用球盘式摩擦试验和四球试验测试了样品的摩擦性能,发现亲油改性能降低碳纳米添加剂对润滑的负面影响.研究表明,MR-GO和M-CNT复配的润滑脂具有较好的减摩性能,扫描电镜微观形貌观察表明,MR-GO和M-CNT均能改善摩擦表面的粗糙程度,在2种添加剂协作下,摩擦表面的自动修复作用更完善,使磨损面粗糙程度降低,摩擦表面平均摩擦因数更低且随摩擦时长的增加更平稳,形成了一种稳定可持续的润滑机制.     

表面纹路的评定

本文系统地阐述了表面纹路评定的各个方面,举例说明了表面纹路对摩擦、摩损和润滑作用以及对摩擦副承载能力,抗胶合能力的影响,指出了目前评定表面纹路国家标准所存在的问题,提出了能全面反映纹路特征的三个统计函数作为评定指标,即表面轮廓的中线平均值,概率分布函数和自相关函数。     

不同载荷对45#钢表面自修复膜成膜影响

为制备在润滑油中具有良好分散性的自修复粉体和研究不同载荷对自修复膜成膜的影响,分析了钛酸酯偶联剂对蛇纹石粉体表面的修饰作用,探讨了不同载荷下添加剂对金属摩擦副的自修复作用,解析了试样表面形貌和试样表面化学成分.结果表明:经钛酸酯偶联剂修饰的粉体在润滑油中具有较好的分散性;在润滑油中加入蛇纹石粉体和分散剂可显著增加耐磨减摩性能.当载荷为300 N,含有添加剂的润滑油润滑条件下,摩擦副的摩擦系数较纯基础油低,添加剂起减摩作用;当载荷为600 N和900 N时,蛇纹石粉体在表面形成相对完整、光滑的自修复膜层,避免了金属表面的直接接触,从而起到降低磨损的作用;当载荷为900 N时,表面自修复膜层在摩擦机械力和热的作用下,发生化学脱水反应,自修复膜层表面有较多的微小孔洞.     

铝碳陶瓷材料的摩擦磨损性能

以铝碳陶瓷材料作为研究对象,利用摩擦磨损实验机研究了铝碳陶瓷材料在干摩擦和固体润滑两种状态下的摩擦磨损性能,并采用有限元方法分析了两种摩擦状态下的应力分布情况.实验结果表明,干摩擦及润滑状态下试样的滑动摩擦系数随载荷的增加而减少;并且润滑状态下滑动摩擦系数仅是干摩擦状态下滑动摩擦系数的1/2左右; 有限元分析结果表明,铝碳陶瓷材料干摩擦状态下最大剪切应力大于最大正应力,试样表面容易发生由微断裂引起的磨粒磨损.固体润滑状态下的接触应力很小,这是因为固体润滑状态下主要发生的是固体润滑涂层材料之间的内摩擦.     

氧化石墨烯对GCr15-Si_3N_4摩擦副润滑效应试验

目的研究氧化石墨烯添加剂对GCr15-Si_3N_4摩擦副润滑效应影响,提高陶瓷球轴承的运行特性.方法以GCr15圆盘和Si_3N_4球组成摩擦副,选用40℃时黏度为79.43 mm~2/s的润滑油作为基础油,并添加氧化石墨烯.使用摩擦磨损试验机球面接触式旋转环块考察氧化石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂在GCr15-Si_3N_4摩擦副中的润滑效应;用摩擦磨损试验系统自动记录摩擦系数,温升检测系统实时记录摩擦位置温升,利用电镜对磨痕进行表征;试验分析转速、载荷及氧化石墨烯含量对GCr15-Si_3N_4摩擦副摩擦系数、温升及表面磨痕的影响.结果氧化石墨烯的质量分数为0.15%时对低转速及高载荷有较好的润滑效果;氧化石墨烯的质量分数为0.3%时对高转速的温升有较好的控制作用,温升降低了3.55℃.结论转速、载荷及氧化石墨烯含量对GCr15-Si_3N_4摩擦副的摩擦系数、温升及表面磨痕均有影响.在润滑油中添加适当的氧化石墨烯后可以起到减磨作用,对低转速有较好的润滑效果,对高转速温升有较好的冷却作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-